The Antibacterial Effect In Vitro of Honey Derived from Various Danish Flora

The mechanism behind the biologic actions of honey as a wound remedy has been intensively studied; however, there is no published data regarding any antibacterial effect of honey derived from Danish flora. We surveyed 11 honeys of various Danish floral sources for their antibacterial activity and compared them to a culinary processed commercial honey (Jakobsens) and a raw and a medical grade Manuka (Leptospermum scoparium) honey using the agar-well diffusion method. We tested the effect on three gram-positive bacteria (two strains of Staphylococcus aureus and one strain of Staphylococcus epidermidis) and two gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli). All samples, except the commercial honey, exhibited antibacterial activity, and samples derived from Water Mint (Mentha aquatica), Organic 2 (mixed organic flora), and Linden (Tilia cordata) honey had consistent effects on all bacteria tested and showed greater effect than medical grade and raw Manuka (L. scoparium) honey. The content of methylglyoxal was low in the Danish honey (< 2 μg/mL) and significantly (p<0.05) higher in both the raw and the medical grade Manuka (L. scoparium) honey, where the concentrations were, respectively, 6.29 μg/mL and 54.33 μg/mL. The antibacterial effect of Danish honeys was mostly due to hydrogen peroxide. We conclude that honeys derived from Danish flora possess antibacterial effect, probably by a hurdle effect of viscosity, osmolality, acidity, bioactive peptides, and most importantly the content of hydrogen peroxide. These findings indicate that honeys of various Danish floral sources may have clinical potential, although further studies are necessary to elucidate this in order to determine whether the results of our in vitro experiments also apply to a clinical setting.

Download Full-text

Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of 2-(4-(3 (Substituted Phenyl) Acryloyl) Phenoxy)-N, N Diphenylacetamides

Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics ◽

10.22270/jddt.v10i5.4326 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 274-292

Author(s):

Rohit Kumar ◽

Sushil Kumar ◽

Mohammad Asif Khan

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Schiff Bases ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Standard Drug ◽

E Coli ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria ◽

Pharmacological Evaluation

Recently a series of Schiff bases of diphenylamine derivatives have been synthesized and evaluated in vitro for their antibacterial activity against pathogenic both Gram-positive bacteria B. subtitles and Gram-negative bacteria E. coli using ciprofloxacin as standard drug at conc. of 50 μg/ml and 100 μg/ml. Literature review revels that chalcones possesses various biological activities like antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and sedative etc. Therefore the present study was designed on synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of 2-(4-(3 (Substituted Phenyl) Acryloyl) Phenoxy)-N, N Diphenylacetamides. Target compound was synthesized by reaction of chloroacetylchloride with diphenylamine to afford 2-chloro-N, N-diphenylacetamide which further by reaction with substituted Chalcones and characterized following recrystallization and evaluated for anti-microbial potential through cup-diffusion method. In results, the target compounds were tested for activity against B. Subtilis, E.Coli and C. albicans. The chalcones having the lipophilic 4-chloro group (RKCT2) showed the greatest antimicrobial activity (zone of inhibition 20 & 22 mm against. B. subtilis, E. Coli, C. Albicans respectively. It suggests further researchers to go through anti-microbial evaluations against a more varieties of bacteria and fungi. Keywords: Schiff bases of diphenylamine derivatives, antibacterial activity, Gram-positive bacteria, 2-(4-(3 (Substituted Phenyl) Acryloyl) Phenoxy)-N, N Diphenylacetamides

Download Full-text

In vitro and in vivo, antibacterial effect of lactobacillus and ethanolic extract of sage Salvia officinalis on enteropathogenic E.coli (EPEC)

Journal of Biotechnology Research Center ◽

10.24126/jobrc.2012.6.2.224 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 50-56

Author(s):

Amina N. AlThawani ◽

Rasha abdul-Hussein Mahood ◽

Hazim I. Abdul-Barrey

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Antibacterial Effect ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Salvia Officinalis ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

High Concentration ◽

Liver And Kidney ◽

Cell Free Filtrate

he antibacterial effect of Lactobacillus cell-free filtrate and ethanolic extract of sage Salvia officinalis on enteropathogenic E.coli (EPEC) were investigated in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, antibacterial activity of Lactobacillus and ethanolic extract of sage were determined by using well diffusion method. The results of ethanolic extract of sage showed moderate antibacterial activity even with high concentration of extract 20mg/ml with maximum inhibition zone 18mm. while, of Lactobacillus cell-free filtrate presented high antibacterial activity against E.coli (24mm) in vivo, thirty two albino male mice(age 8-10 weeks, weight ranged 23-27 gram) were used in this experiment. The animals were divided into four equal groups, include positive and negative controls. Histological analysis of intestine, liver and kidney showed that the mice infected with EPEC induce attaching and effacing (A/E) lesions and loss of microvillus actins rootlets as well as microvillus fragmentation and no significant changes in liver and kidney tissues of mice infected with EPEC. Normal microvilli and mucosal morphology observed in mice infected and treated with Lactobacillus and ethanolic extract of sage.

Download Full-text

In vitro Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity and Protective Effects on Cardiomyocytes with H/R Injury of Garlic/Onion Oil

10.21203/rs.3.rs-79480/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yifei Lu ◽

Hui Lv ◽

Lihua Li ◽

Chao Yang ◽

Da Pan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Survival Rate ◽

Antibacterial Effect ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Volatile Oils ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria ◽

Garlic Oil

Abstract Background: At present, the research concerning in vitro experiments of garlic oil and onion oil is limited. The objective of this study was to carry out the research on the effective components of garlic and onion, and to study the antibacterial activity of the two essential oils and their protective effects on cardiomyocytes with hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury.Method: The protective effect of volatile oils at different concentrations (200, 100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.3, 3.1mg/L) on the endothelial cell of microvascular in cardiac muscle against H/R injury was examined by MTT and flow cytometer method. The survival rate and apoptosis situation were record. Inhibition zone test was used to evaluate antibacterial activity of volatile oils. MIC and MBC were calculated as well.Results: To achieve a higher survival rate, the optimum concentrations of garlic oil and onion oil were 12.5mg/L and 6.13mg/L and high concentrations of garlic and onion oil decreased the survival rate. Both the 12.5mg/L onion and garlic oil reduced the apoptosis situation of cardiomyocytes. Both garlic oil and onion oil had antibacterial effect on gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria, and had the best antibacterial effect on cocci of gram-positive bacteria.Conclusion: Garlic and onion oil do have antibacterial activity and protective effects on cardiomyocytes with H/R injury in a concentration range.

Download Full-text

Preparation, characterization and antibacterial effect of 2-methoxy-6-(5-H/Me/Cl/No2-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)phenols and some transition metal complexes

Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society ◽

10.2298/jsc0905537t ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 74 (5) ◽

pp. 537-548 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Aydin Tavman ◽

Serkan Ikiz ◽

Funda Bagcigil ◽

Yakut Özgür ◽

A.K. Seyyal

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Transition Metal Complexes ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Antibacterial Effect ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Dilution Method ◽

Disk Diffusion Method ◽

1H And 13C Nmr ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria ◽

Ft Ir

2-Methoxy-6-(5-H/methyl/chloro/nitro-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)phenols (HLx; x = 1-4, respectively) ligands and HL1 complexes with Fe(NO3)3, Cu(NO3)2, AgNO3 and Zn(NO3)2 were synthesized and characterized. The structures of the compounds were confirmed based on elemental analysis, molar conductivity, magnetic moment, FT-IR, 1H- and 13C-NMR. The antibacterial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the free ligands, their hydrochloride salts and the complexes were evaluated using the disk diffusion method in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and the dilution method, respectively, against 9 bacteria. HL1 and HL3, as well as the Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes, showed antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria.

Download Full-text

Assessment of the antibacterial activity of four essential oils and the biobactericide Neco.

International Journal of Phytomedicine ◽

10.5138/09750185.2106 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 443 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jean-Fabrice Yala ◽

Rolande Mabika Mabika ◽

Brahima Camara ◽

Seydou Tuo ◽

Alain Souza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Melaleuca Quinquenervia ◽

Eucalyptus Citriodora ◽

Cymbopogon Citratus ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria ◽

Lippia Multiflora ◽

Microdilution Method

The purpose of this study was to assess in vitro the activity of four essential oils (Cymbopogon citratus, Eucalyptus citriodora, Lippia multiflora, Melaleuca quinquenervia) and the biobactericide Neco® on Gram-positive bacteria.The aromatogram and antibiogram were assessed by the agar well diffusion method and the Muller Hinton disk-agar diffusion method, respectively. Also, the minimum inhibitory concentration and the minimum bactericidal concentration were determined by the microdilution method in liquid medium.The aromatogram showed that the biobactericide Neco® induced the largest inhibition diameters (34.53 ± 11.82 - 43.92 ± 5.38 mm) of all strains combined, followed by the essential oils of Eucalyptus Citriodora (30.01 ± 3.02 - 41.89 ± 1.77 mm) and Lippia multiflora (20.72 ± 4.72 - 37.61 ± 2.80 mm). However, the essential oils of Melaleuca quinquenervia (19.99 ± 3.93 - 26.20 ± 13.27 mm) and Cymbopogon citratus (13.52 ± 3.59 - 29.08 ± 2.35 mm) had the smallest inhibition diameters. Moreover, the comparison of the activities of the aromatogram and antibiogram revealed generally that activities were higher with essential oils than with antibiotics.At the end of this study, the essential oils of Cymbopogon citratus, Eucalyptus citriodora, Lippia multiflora, Melaleuca quinquenervia and the biobactericide Neco® had an antibacterial activity on Gram+ bacteria.

Download Full-text

Antibacterial activity of aerial parts as well as in vitro raised calli of the medicinal plant Saraca asoca (Roxb.) de Wilde

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/w06-107 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 53 (1) ◽

pp. 75-81 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

M Shahid ◽

Anwar Shahzad ◽

Abida Malik ◽

M Anis

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Medicinal Plant ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Aqueous Extracts ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Saraca Asoca ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria

Leaves, stem, and flowers of Saraca asoca, an endangered medicinal plant in India, and young explants cultivated on Murashige & Skoog's medium containing 6-benzylaminopurine were analyzed for antibacterial potential. Alcoholic and aqueous extracts from parent explants and their in vitro raised calli were tested by an agar well diffusion method. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the extracts were determined by broth microdilution method. Aqueous extracts showed antibacterial activity against limited bacterial species, whereas alcoholic extracts were active against a wider range of bacteria. Although the alcoholic extracts of all the explants and calli showed antibacterial activity, the extracts derived from flowers and their calli showed better results. Extracts derived from calli showed comparable results to the extracts from explants. Overall, the MICs of the extracts ranged from 0.039 to 1.25 mg/mL. MICs against Gram-positive bacteria ranged from 0.078 to 1.25 mg/mL, whereas they ranged between 0.039 and 0.625 mg/mL against Gram-negative bacteria. A MIC distribution plot showed that Gram-negative bacteria were more susceptible to the extracts than Gram-positive bacteria. It is concluded that extracts of S. asoca contain antibacterial agent, and as the calli gave good results, in vitro cultivation of the explants may be used to obtain antibacterial compounds. This is the first report on antibacterial activity of S. asoca, especially through in vitro raised calli.Key words: Saraca asoca, antibacterial activity, in vitro, callus, minimal inhibitory concentration.

Download Full-text

In vitro Antibacterial Activity Analysis of Leaves of Limonia acidissima

Notulae Scientia Biologicae ◽

10.15835/nsb629270 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 155-157

Author(s):

Gandi Kishore NAIDU ◽

B. SUJATHA ◽

K. Chandra Sekhar NAIDU

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Micrococcus Luteus ◽

Chloroform Extract ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Moderate Activity ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

E Coli ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria ◽

Limonia Acidissima

The present study was carried out the antibacterial activity and phytochemical screening of the hexane, chloroform and methanol extracts of leaves of Limonia acidissima. The antibacterial activity was evaluated against four Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris) and five Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae) by agar well diffusion method. Methanol extract showed good antibacterial activity with the high inhibition zones while chloroform extract exhibited mild to moderate activity and hexane extract was found to be less active. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of various secondary metabolites like steroids, alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, coumarins, saponins, tannins and triterpenoids. The results of the present study suggest that leaves of Limonia acidissima can be used to treating infectious diseases caused by E. coli, P. vulgarisand S. pneumoniae.

Download Full-text

In Vitro Antibacterial and Cytotoxicity Assessments of an Orthodontic Bonding Agent Containing Benzalkonium Chloride

The Angle Orthodontist ◽

10.2319/120907-578.1 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 79 (2) ◽

pp. 331-337 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Kayo Saito ◽

Tohru Hayakawa ◽

Rihito Kawabata ◽

Daijiro Meguro ◽

Kazutaka Kasai

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Benzalkonium Chloride ◽

Antibacterial Effect ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Streptococcus Sobrinus ◽

Disk Diffusion Method ◽

Gingival Cells ◽

Orthodontic Bonding

Abstract Objective: To assess the antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of an orthodontic bonding material containing an antibacterial agent. Materials and Methods: Superbond C&B (4-methacryloxyethyl trimellitate anhydride/methyl methacrylate-tri-n-butyl borane [4-META/MMA-TBB]) resin was mixed with benzalkonium chloride (BAC) to obtain final BAC concentrations of 0.25%, 0.75%, 1.25%, 1.75%, 2.5%, and 5.0% (wt/ wt). Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus was evaluated by soaking the BAC-resin in distilled water at 37°C for periods of 30, 90, and 180 days. Antibacterial activity of the BAC-resin was measured by the disk diffusion method, and the inhibition zone around each sample was measured and recorded. For evaluation of cytotoxicity, BAC-resin samples were put into cell culture inserts placed above human gingival cells and were incubated at 37°C for 1, 3, and 6 days. Cytotoxicity was assessed with a tetrazolium bromide reduction assay. Results: The antibacterial activity of BAC-incorporated resin samples decreased significantly after immersion in water for 180 days, regardless of BAC concentration. The antibacterial activity of nonimmersed resin containing 0.25% or 1.75% BAC was comparable with that of 5.0% BAC-resin immersed for 180 days. In cytotoxicity tests, most cells died when exposed to resins containing 1.75%, 2.5%, and 5% BAC. No difference was observed between resins containing 0.25% and 0.75% BAC at 1, 3, and 6 days of culture. Conclusions: The addition of BAC to 4-META/MMA-TBB resin confers an antibacterial effect even after immersion in water, and 4-META/MMA-TBB resin containing 0.25% to 0.75% BAC has no significant cytotoxic effect.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of antibacterial activity of essential oil from Algerian Pistacia lentiscus resin

Journal of Medicinal Botany ◽

10.25081/jmb.2017.v1.43 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 13

Author(s):

G. Bachir Raho

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Pistacia Lentiscus ◽

E Coli ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria ◽

Agar Disc ◽

In Vitro Antibacterial Activity ◽

Microbial Growth Inhibition

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activity of the essential oils from the resin of Pistacia lentiscus against Staphylococcus aureus (Gram–positive bacteria) and Escherichia coli (Gram–negative bacteria). The agar disc diffusion method was used for microbial growth inhibition at various dilutions of the oils. Results showed that the tested essential oils possess antibacterial activity against S. aureus but inactive on E. coli. These results may have significant implications for the future development of resin oils of P. lentiscus as an antimicrobial agent for the treatment of the infections caused by S. aureus.

Download Full-text

Antibacterial activity of magnesium oxide nanoparticles prepared by Calcination method

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance ◽

10.25258/ijpqa.10.3.25 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (03) ◽

Author(s):

Elaf Ayad Kadhem ◽

Miaad Hamzah Zghair ◽

Sarah , Hussam H. Tizkam, Shoeb Alahmad Salih Mahdi ◽

Hussam H. Tizkam ◽

Shoeb Alahmad

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Magnesium Oxide ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria ◽

Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Agar Disc

magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs) were prepared by simple wet chemical method using different calcination temperatures. The prepared NPs were characterized by Electrostatic Discharge (ESD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). It demonstrates sharp intensive peak with the increase of crystallinty and increase of the size with varying morphologies with respect to increase of calcination temperature. Antibacterial studies were done on gram negative bacteria (E.coli) and gram positive bacteria (S.aureus) by agar disc diffusion method. The zones of inhibitions were found larger for gram positive bacteria than gram negative bacteria, this mean, antibacterial MgO NPs activity more active on gram positive bacteria than gram negative bacteria because of the structural differences. It was found that antibacterial activity of MgO NPs was found it has directly proportional with their concentration.

Download Full-text