scholarly journals Cross-Cultural Validation of the English Chronic Pain Myth Scale in Emergency Nurses

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geraldine Martorella ◽  
Anaïs Lacasse ◽  
Michelle Kostic ◽  
Glenna Schluck
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Internal Structure ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Emergency Nurses ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Acceptable Reliability

Background. Utilization of the emergency department (ED) by patients seeking relief from chronic pain (CP) has increased. These patients often face stigmatization, and the ED is no exception. The French-Canadian Chronic Pain Myth Scale (CPMS) was developed to evaluate common societal misconceptions about CP including among healthcare providers. To our knowledge, no tool of this nature is available in English. Objectives. This study thus aimed at determining to what extent a new English adaptation of the CPMS could provide valid scores among US emergency nurses. The internal consistency, construct validity, and internal structure of the translated scale were thus examined. Methods. After careful translation of the scale, the English CPMS was administered to 482 emergency nurses and its validity was explored through a web-based cross-sectional study. Results. Acceptable reliability α>0.7 was reported for the first and third subscales. The second subscale’s reliability coefficient was below the cutoff (α=0.67) but is still considered adequate. As expected, statistically significant differences were found between nurses suffering from CP vs nurses not suffering from CP, supporting the construct validity of the scale. After exploratory factor analysis, similar internal structure was found supporting the 3-factorial nature of the original CPMS. Conclusion. Our results provide support for the preliminary validity of the English CPMS to measure knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes towards CP among emergency nurses in the United States.

scholarly journals Early Crowdfunding Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-sectional Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameh Nagui Saleh ◽  
Christoph U Lehmann ◽  
Richard J Medford
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Affective Response ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Early Signal ◽  
Acute Distress

BACKGROUND As the number of COVID-19 cases increased precipitously in the United States, policy makers and health officials marshalled their pandemic responses. As the economic impacts multiplied, anecdotal reports noted the increased use of web-based crowdfunding to defray these costs. OBJECTIVE We examined the web-based crowdfunding response in the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States to understand the incidence of initiation of COVID-19–related campaigns and compare them to non–COVID-19–related campaigns. METHODS On May 16, 2020, we extracted all available data available on US campaigns that contained narratives and were created between January 1 and May 10, 2020, on GoFundMe. We identified the subset of COVID-19–related campaigns using keywords relevant to the COVID-19 pandemic. We explored the incidence of COVID-19–related campaigns by geography, by category, and over time, and we compared the characteristics of the campaigns to those of non–COVID-19–related campaigns after March 11, when the pandemic was declared. We then used a natural language processing algorithm to cluster campaigns by narrative content using overlapping keywords. RESULTS We found that there was a substantial increase in overall GoFundMe web-based crowdfunding campaigns in March, largely attributable to COVID-19–related campaigns. However, as the COVID-19 pandemic persisted and progressed, the number of campaigns per COVID-19 case declined more than tenfold across all states. The states with the earliest disease burden had the fewest campaigns per case, indicating a lack of a case-dependent response. COVID-19–related campaigns raised more money, had a longer narrative description, and were more likely to be shared on Facebook than other campaigns in the study period. CONCLUSIONS Web-based crowdfunding appears to be a stopgap for only a minority of campaigners. The novelty of an emergency likely impacts both campaign initiation and crowdfunding success, as it reflects the affective response of a community. Crowdfunding activity likely serves as an early signal for emerging needs and societal sentiment for communities in acute distress that could be used by governments and aid organizations to guide disaster relief and policy.

scholarly journals Racial and Ethnic Differences in COVID-19 Outcomes, Stressors, Fear, and Prevention Behaviors Among US Women: Web-Based Cross-sectional Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamila K Stockman ◽  
Brittany A Wood ◽  
Katherine M Anderson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Racial And Ethnic Differences ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Racial Ethnic

BACKGROUND In the United States, racial and ethnic minorities are disproportionately affected by COVID-19, with persistent social and structural factors contributing to these disparities. At the intersection of race/ethnicity and gender, women of color may be disadvantaged in terms of COVID-19 outcomes due to their role as essential workers, their higher prevalence of pre-existing conditions, their increased stress and anxiety from the loss of wages and caregiving, and domestic violence. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to examine racial and ethnic differences in the prevalence of COVID-19 outcomes, stressors, fear, and prevention behaviors among adult women residing in the United States. METHODS Between May and June 2020, women were recruited into the Capturing Women’s Experiences in Outbreak and Pandemic Environments (COPE) Study, a web-based cross-sectional study, using advertisements on Facebook; 491 eligible women completed a self-administered internet-based cross-sectional survey. Descriptive statistics were used to examine racial and ethnic differences (White; Asian; Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander; Black; Hispanic, Latina, or Spanish Origin; American Indian or Alaskan Native; multiracial or some other race, ethnicity, or origin) on COVID-19 outcomes, stressors, fear, and prevention behaviors. RESULTS Among our sample of women, 16% (73/470) reported COVID-19 symptoms, 22% (18/82) were concerned about possible exposure from the people they knew who tested positive for COVID-19, and 51.4% (227/442) knew where to get tested; yet, only 5.8% (27/469) had been tested. Racial/ethnic differences were observed, with racial/ethnic minority women being less likely to know where to get tested. Significant differences in race/ethnicity were observed for select stressors (food insecurity, not enough money, homeschooling children, unable to have a doctor or telemedicine appointment) and prevention behaviors (handwashing with soap, self-isolation if sick, public glove use, not leaving home for any activities). Although no racial/ethnic differences emerged from the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, significant racial/ethnic differences were observed for some of the individual scale items (eg, being afraid of getting COVID-19, sleep loss, and heart racing due to worrying about COVID-19). CONCLUSIONS The low prevalence of COVID-19 testing and knowledge of where to get tested indicate a critical need to expand testing for women in the United States, particularly among racial/ethnic minority women. Although the overall prevalence of engagement in prevention behaviors was high, targeted education and promotion of prevention activities are warranted in communities of color, particularly with consideration for stressors and adverse mental health.

scholarly journals 576. Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: A Cross-Sectional Study in 3 Communities in the United States and Lebanon

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S389-S390
Author(s):  
Mohamad Yasmin ◽  
Mohamad Ali Tfaily ◽  
Rebecca P Emery ◽  
Habiba Hassouna ◽  
Rita Obeid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Center ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Research Support ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vaccination Hesitancy

Abstract Background The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has thus far resulted in substantial worldwide mortality. As of November 2020, COVID-19 vaccines became available following Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) issued by the FDA. Recent longitudinal studies published as of March 2021 demonstrated that vaccine hesitancy remains high despite improvements compared to 2020. This study sought to explore the perceptions, beliefs, attitudes, and knowledge surrounding COVID-19 and identify determinants uniquely associated with vaccine hesitancy. Methods A cross-sectional electronic survey was created based on CDC & IDSA recommendations. The survey was distributed from March 2021 until June 2021 randomly to faculty members, healthcare workers, and students (≥18 years old) across 3 major academic centers (Case Western Reserve University, Spectrum Health, and the American University of Beirut Medical Center [AUBMC]). Data collected included socio-economic characteristics, demographics, knowledge, and attitudes pertaining to COVID-19 and vaccination. A multivariable regression model was utilized to evaluate for independent associations between variables and vaccination willingness/hesitancy as the primary outcome. Results In total, 7,197 participants completed the survey with an overall response rate of 94%. Females constituted 75.7% of the study population. Overall, 87.8% of the study cohort indicated willingness to get vaccinated. Factors associated independently with vaccination hesitancy included: younger age, lower attained education, lower knowledge score, physician recommendation against vaccination, not receiving the influenza vaccine annually, and other beliefs and attitudes as reported in table 1. Table 1. Independent predictors of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among study respondents Conclusion Most survey respondents indicated willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccination. The perception or belief that vaccination is more harmful than COVID-19 disease represented an especially robust barrier against vaccination. Since recommendations made by healthcare providers were strongly associated with either vaccination hesitancy or willingness to get vaccinated, developing educational strategies at this level could enhance vaccine acceptance in an effort to curb the pandemic. Disclosures Robert A. Bonomo, MD, entasis (Research Grant or Support)Merck (Grant/Research Support)NIH (Grant/Research Support)VA Merit Award (Grant/Research Support)VenatoRx (Grant/Research Support)

scholarly journals Reproductive Health Disparities

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen C. Chang ◽  
Juliane K. Nguyen ◽  
Nina L Nguyen ◽  
Roger L. Leu ◽  
Darren W. Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Papanicolaou Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Pap Tests ◽  
Pap Screening ◽  
Asian Pacific Islander ◽  
Asian Pacific

A Papanicolaou test is the most effective procedure for detecting cervical cancer. Unfortunately, many young Asian Pacific Islander (API) college women are unaware of this procedure and do not take precaution against cervical cancer. This paper reports disaggregated data on Pap knowledge and screening rates of female students at a four-year university and suggests recommendations to healthcare providers to improve Pap screening rates. Using a communitybased participatory research (CBPR) approach, a cross-sectional study was administered using a web-based anonymous survey (N=618). The survey results indicated that participants who were least likely to know about Pap tests were 18-21 years old, API, uninsured, and not in a committed relationship. Slightly more than half (52%) of API females received a screening compared to 82.4% of white females. The most influential people for Pap screening were doctors (43%) and the least influential people were mothers (18.8%) and friends (7.8%). This study expands the literature on Pap knowledge and screenings among API college students and provides culturally appropriate recommendations to improve screening rates.

Blood Dehydroepiandrosterone and Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate as Pathophysiological Correlates of Chronic Pain: Analyses Using a National Sample of Midlife Adults in the United States

Pain Medicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Li ◽  
Benjamin P Chapman ◽  
Shannon M Smith
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Midlife Adults

Abstract Objective Identifying biomarkers is a priority in translational chronic pain research. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and its sulfated form, DHEA-S, are adrenocortical steroids in the blood with neuroprotective properties that also produce sex hormones. They may capture key sex-specific neuroendocrine mechanisms of chronic pain. Design Cross-sectional study. Methods Using data from 1,216 community-dwelling adults aged 34–84 from the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) cohort, we examined blood DHEA and DHEA-S levels in association with chronic pain in men and women, adjusting for demographics, chronic diseases, medications including opioids, and psychosocial factors. If an association was found, we further explored dose-response relationships by the number of pain locations and the degree of pain interference. Results In women, chronic pain was associated with 0.072 lower (95% confidence interval [CI], –0.127 to –0.017) log10 DHEA-S µg/dL, with pain in one to two locations associated with 0.068 lower (95% CI, –0.131 to –0.006) and in three or more locations 0.071 lower (95% CI, –0.148 to 0.007) log10 DHEA-S (P for trend = 0.074). Furthermore for women, low-interference pain was associated with 0.062 lower (95% CI, –0.125 to –0.000), whereas high-interference pain was associated with 0.138 lower (95% CI, –0.233 to –0.043) log10 DHEA-S (P for trend = 0.004). Chronic pain was not associated with DHEA or DHEA-S levels in men or DHEA levels in women. Conclusions Chronic pain and its functional interference correspond to lower blood DHEA-S levels in women.

scholarly journals Healthcare Professionals and Telehealth Usability During COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Xu ◽  
Hanadi Hamadi ◽  
Kristen Hicks-Roof ◽  
Robert Zeglin ◽  
Chloe Bailey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Work Group ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Health Group ◽  
Mixed Regression

Objective: During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, many other health providers needed to rapidly adopt telehealth services to ensure continuity of patient care, without the opportunity to extensively evaluate the usability of the adopted technology. Therefore, this study aims to examine health professionals’ telehealth usability during COVID-19 in Florida. Design: This cross-sectional study employed the Telehealth Usability Questionnaire (TUQ) to licensed healthcare providers in Florida in June 2020. Setting and Participants: A total of 399,660 selected health professionals with Florida licensure were recruited from open-access Florida healthcare to participate in a Qualtrics web-based survey. A total of 1868 health professionals completed the survey. Multiple linear and mixed regression models were applied to analyze the overall and subdomain scores from TUQ. Main outcome measures: Telehealth Usability. Results: The analysis of overall TUQ score showed younger, female healthcare professionals, and participants who reported an increase of telehealth usage during pandemic had a significantly higher overall TUQ score. Compared with the score from physicians and nurses, the scores from the mental health group and social work group were significantly higher, while the score rehabilitation group was significantly lower. Analysis of the subdomain scores were consistent with the overall scores. Conclusion:  The findings from this study indicate that the health professionals’ telehealth usability is related to age, gender, and the change of telehealth usage during the COVID-19 pandemic. While pandemics represent only one possible impetus for the healthcare system to swiftly switch to telehealth platforms, each profession should consider providing adequate resources to accommodate the need for change.

scholarly journals Childbirth Educators’ Role Regarding Pregnant Women and Cervical Cancer Prevention

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olufunmiso Oyetunde Asamu ◽  
Hadi Danawi
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cervical Cancer Prevention ◽  
Cross Sectional

Childbirth educators play an important role in educating pregnant women regarding their health. They bridge the gap between pregnant women and healthcare providers. A paucity of information exists on the benefits that pregnant women derive from interactions with childbirth educators regarding early cervical cancer detection. The purpose of our cross-sectional study was to investigate the association among education during early pregnancy offered by the childbirth educators, access to childbirth educators, availability of childbirth educators in the United States and survival from cervical cancer. Secondary data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) on 520,153 women were analyzed using logistic regression. Childbirth education delivered by childbirth educators during early pregnancy was associated with significantly fewer cervical cancer deaths (odds ratio = .917, <em>CI</em> = .896–.939, <em>P</em> = .000). Women with late-stage diagnosis had an increased likelihood of dying when diagnosed with cervical cancer (odds ratio = 1.043, <em>CI </em>= 1.042– 1.044, <em>P</em> = .000). Childbirth educators are effective at increasing awareness of cervical cancer among women in the early stages of pregnancy; this can improve survival and lead to positive social change.

scholarly journals Early Crowdfunding Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-sectional Study

10.2196/25429 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. e25429
Author(s):  
Sameh Nagui Saleh ◽  
Christoph U Lehmann ◽  
Richard J Medford
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Affective Response ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Early Signal ◽  
Acute Distress

Background As the number of COVID-19 cases increased precipitously in the United States, policy makers and health officials marshalled their pandemic responses. As the economic impacts multiplied, anecdotal reports noted the increased use of web-based crowdfunding to defray these costs. Objective We examined the web-based crowdfunding response in the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States to understand the incidence of initiation of COVID-19–related campaigns and compare them to non–COVID-19–related campaigns. Methods On May 16, 2020, we extracted all available data available on US campaigns that contained narratives and were created between January 1 and May 10, 2020, on GoFundMe. We identified the subset of COVID-19–related campaigns using keywords relevant to the COVID-19 pandemic. We explored the incidence of COVID-19–related campaigns by geography, by category, and over time, and we compared the characteristics of the campaigns to those of non–COVID-19–related campaigns after March 11, when the pandemic was declared. We then used a natural language processing algorithm to cluster campaigns by narrative content using overlapping keywords. Results We found that there was a substantial increase in overall GoFundMe web-based crowdfunding campaigns in March, largely attributable to COVID-19–related campaigns. However, as the COVID-19 pandemic persisted and progressed, the number of campaigns per COVID-19 case declined more than tenfold across all states. The states with the earliest disease burden had the fewest campaigns per case, indicating a lack of a case-dependent response. COVID-19–related campaigns raised more money, had a longer narrative description, and were more likely to be shared on Facebook than other campaigns in the study period. Conclusions Web-based crowdfunding appears to be a stopgap for only a minority of campaigners. The novelty of an emergency likely impacts both campaign initiation and crowdfunding success, as it reflects the affective response of a community. Crowdfunding activity likely serves as an early signal for emerging needs and societal sentiment for communities in acute distress that could be used by governments and aid organizations to guide disaster relief and policy.

Does a Graduate Course in Fluency Disorders Make a Difference?

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn R. Klein ◽  
Barbara J. Amster
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Graduate Programs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Graduate Course ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fluency Disorders ◽  
Introductory Course ◽  
Communicative Disorders

Abstract A study by Yaruss and Quesal (2002), based on responses from 134 of 239 ASHA accredited graduate programs, indicated that approximately 25% of graduate programs in the United States allow students to earn their degree without having coursework in fluency disorders and 66% of programs allow students to graduate without clinical experience treating people who stutter (PWS). It is not surprising that many clinicians report discomfort in treating PWS. This cross-sectional study compares differences in beliefs about the cause of stuttering between freshman undergraduate students enrolled in an introductory course in communicative disorders and graduate students enrolled and in the final weeks of a graduate course in fluency disorders.

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