scholarly journals A Rare Case of Steroid Cell Tumor, Not Otherwise Specified (NOS), of the Ovary in a Young Woman

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Eek Chaw Tan ◽  
Chit Chong Khong ◽  
Kazila Bhutia
Keyword(s):  
Adnexal Mass ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cell Tumour ◽  
Not Otherwise Specified ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Leydig Cell Tumour

Steroid cell tumour is a rare sex cord-stromal tumor of the ovary. It may produce steroids and is associated with testosterone secretion which causes symptoms like hair loss, hirsutism, and oligomenorrhea/amenorrhea due to hormonal activity and virilizing properties of tumor. In this article, we reported a 27-year-old woman who presented with hirsutism, hoarseness of voice, scalp hair fall, and amenorrhea for 8 years. Clinical and diagnostic evaluation revealed a left adnexal mass and elevated serum levels of testosterone and she was diagnosed as having a Sertoli Leydig cell tumour of ovary. She underwent left salpingooophorectomy and both histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis. Her serum testosterone levels normalized 3 days after the surgery and her menses resumed spontaneously a few months after the operation. In addition, we reviewed the literature on the epidemiology, clinical presentations, imaging and histological findings, and the treatment options on this disease.

scholarly journals Hepatoprotective effect of aqueous extract of cardamom against gentamicin induced hepatic damage in rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Aboubakr ◽  
Abdelazem Mohamed Abdelazem
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Aqueous Extracts

<p>The study was designed to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of aqueous extract of cardamom in acute experimental liver injury induced by gentamicin. Twenty four male albino rats were randomly divided into four groups (six rats in each). Animals of the first group served as control and orally (p.o.) received (1 ml/kg saline). The second experimental group was given gentamicin (80 mg/kg i.p.) for 7 days. Third and fourth groups were given aqueous extract of cardamom (100 and 200 mg/kg p.o.) + gentamicin for 7 days, respectively. The degree of hepatoprotection was measured using serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), bilirubin, albumin, and lipid profile levels. In the acute liver damage induced by gentamicin, cardamom aqueous extracts (100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly reduced the elevated serum levels of AST, ALT, bilirubin, cholesterol, triglycerides and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-chol) in gentamicin induced hepatotoxicity. Also cardamom aqueous extracts (100 &amp; 200 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly increased the lowered serum levels of albumin and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-chol) in gentamicin induced hepatotoxicity rats. Histopathological examination of the liver tissues supported the hepatoprotection. Our findings concluded that cardamom aqueous extracts possessed hepatoprotective activity against gentamicin induced hepatotoxicity in rats.</p>

scholarly journals Ovarian intratumoral 21-hydroxylase deficiency in a postmenopausal hirsute woman

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 672-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selma B. Souto ◽  
Pedro V. Baptista ◽  
Filomena Barreto ◽  
Pedro F. Sousa ◽  
Daniel C. Braga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Left Ovary ◽  
Serum Testosterone Level ◽  
Hydroxylase Deficiency ◽  
Postoperative Serum ◽  
17 Hydroxyprogesterone ◽  
21 Hydroxylase Deficiency ◽  
Hormone Analysis

Virilising ovarian tumours are a rare cause of hyperandrogenism in women, accounting for less than 5% of all ovarian neoplasms. It occurs most often in - and postmenopausal women. We report a case of a 64 year-old woman with signs of virilisation that had started 3 years before. Blood hormone analysis revealed increased levels of testosterone, and 17-hydroxyprogesterone. The tetracosactin test revealed 21-hydroxylase deficiency. Radiological imaging demonstrated a nodule in her left ovary. The patient was submitted to bilateral laparoscopic oophorectomy, and histopathological examination revealed a luteoma of the left ovary. Postoperative serum testosterone level and 17-hydroxyprogesterone returned to normal levels in one month. Virilism regressed within six months. Our patient also showed an elevation in 17-OHP serum levels. Normalization of 17-OHP after oophorectomy suggests a case of intratumoral 21-hydroxylase deficiency. To our knowledge, this is the first description of ovarian intratumoral 21-hydroxylase deficiency in a postmenopausal woman. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2012;56(9):672-6

scholarly journals A case of virilising steroid cell tumour of ovary

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (03) ◽  
pp. 18-20
Author(s):  
E. Saravanan ◽  
T. N. Anirudhan ◽  
R. Subhalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Ovarian Tumour ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Cell Tumour ◽  
Serum Testosterone Level ◽  
Not Otherwise Specified ◽  
Granular Cytoplasm ◽  
Clear Cytoplasm ◽  
Gross Examination ◽  
Vague Abdominal Pain

A middle aged female patient presented to our Gynaec OPD with acute onset of virilising symptoms and vague abdominal pain. The patient’s biochemical values were normal except for a raised serum testosterone level and a raised CA125 level. Ultrasound and Computed tomography revealed an ovarian mass with mild ascites that appeared to be a yellowish solid ovarian tumour on gross examination. Microscopic examination showed a neoplasm composed of medium sized cells with clear cytoplasm and some with eosinophilic granular cytoplasm. The diagnosis of Benign steroid cell tumour of ovary, not otherwise specified (NOS-type) was made. The case is presented for its rarity.

scholarly journals Utilisation of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogue to differentiate ovarian from adrenal hyperandrogenism in postmenopausal women

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Bahaeldein ◽  
M J Brassill
Keyword(s):  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Cell Tumour ◽  
Gnrh Analogue ◽  
List Type ◽  
Bilateral Oophorectomy ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Adrenal Hyperandrogenism ◽  
Leydig Cell Tumour ◽  
Adrenal Masses ◽  
Work Up

Summary Postmenopausal hyperandrogenism is a relatively rare diagnosis resulting from excess androgen production from the adrenals or ovaries. The exclusion of malignant causes is a priority. Laboratory tests and imaging are utilised to help differentiate the source of excess androgens. We report two cases of postmenopausal hyperandrogenism in women aged 75 and 67 years. Both cases presented with clinical features suggestive of hyperandrogenism which had developed gradually over the previous 2 years. Laboratory investigations confirmed a significant elevation in their serum testosterone levels. In both cases, imaging did not reveal any abnormality of the adrenals or ovaries. To help differentiate an adrenal vs ovarian source a single-dose GnRH analogue was given with measurement of testosterone and gonadotrophin levels pre and post. The reduction in gonadotrophins achieved by the GnRH analogue resulted in suppression of testosterone levels which suggested an ovarian source. Both patients proceeded to bilateral oophorectomy. Histology revealed a benign hilus cell tumour in one case and a benign Leydig cell tumour in the other. Learning points: A key part of the work-up of postmenopausal hyperandrogenism is to differentiate between an adrenal or an ovarian source of excess androgens; Imaging may not identify small ovarian tumours or hyperthecosis and may also identify incidental adrenal masses which are non-functioning; Current guidelines suggest ovarian and adrenal venous sampling when imaging is inconclusive but this requires technical expertise and has a high failure rate; GnRH analogue use can successfully confirm ovarian source and should be considered as a diagnostic tool in this setting.

scholarly journals Lipoprotein(a) Where Do We Stand? From the Physiopathology to Innovative Terapy

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 838
Author(s):  
Gabriella Iannuzzo ◽  
Maria Tripaldella ◽  
Vania Mallardo ◽  
Mena Morgillo ◽  
Nicoletta Vitelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Lipid Lowering Therapy ◽  
Lipoprotein A ◽  
Premature Cardiovascular Disease

A number of epidemiologic studies have demonstrated a strong association between increasing lipoprotein a [Lp(a)] and cardiovascular disease. This correlation was demonstrated independent of other known cardiovascular (CV) risk factors. Screening for Lp(a) in the general population is not recommended, although Lp(a) levels are predominantly genetically determined so a single assessment is needed to identify patients at risk. In 2019 ESC/EAS guidelines recommend Lp(a) measurement at least once a lifetime, fo subjects at very high and high CV risk and those with a family history of premature cardiovascular disease, to reclassify patients with borderline risk. As concerning medications, statins play a key role in lipid lowering therapy, but present poor efficacy on Lp(a) levels. Actually, treatment options for elevated serum levels of Lp(a) are very limited. Apheresis is the most effective and well tolerated treatment in patients with high levels of Lp(a). However, promising new therapies, in particular antisense oligonucleotides have showed to be able to significantly reduce Lp(a) in phase II RCT. This review provides an overview of the biology and epidemiology of Lp(a), with a view to future therapies.

scholarly journals Androgen Secreting Steroid Cell Tumor of the Ovary Represented with Postmenopasal Bleeding and Extensive Hirsutism

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
Jadranka Georgievska ◽  
Vesna Antovska ◽  
Neli Basheska ◽  
Natasha Aleksioska
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Postmenopausal Bleeding ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Ovarian Steroid ◽  
Not Otherwise Specified ◽  
Steroid Cell Tumor ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Steroid cell tumors of the ovary present less than 0.1% of all ovarian tumors and belong in the group of sex cord-stromal tumors.Case description: We present a case of 69-year-old woman investigated because of postmenopausal bleeding, a 5-year history of excessive hirsutism, baldness and acne. The evaluation revealed elevated serum testosterone, but ultrasound detected a 2 cm-mass of the left ovary. The patient underwent hysterectomy and bilateral adnexectomy. The histopathology diagnosis was steroid cell tumor, not otherwise specified. Postoperative chemotherapy was administered at the discretion of the radio-oncologist. At the last follow-up 48 months after surgery, the hirsutism was completely resolved, the serum testosterone was within the normal range and there was no evidence of recurrence.Conclusion: In adult patients with hirsutism and elevated serum testosterone a possibility of a presence of an ovarian steroid cell tumor should be considered. Surgery is the main treatment of such patients.

scholarly journals A unique case of ectopic pancreas presenting as jejunal malignance

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Mojin Wang ◽  
Lifen Bai ◽  
Wen Zhuang
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Epigastric Pain ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Carbohydrate Antigen ◽  
Ectopic Pancreas ◽  
Proximal Jejunum ◽  
Normal Ranges ◽  
Serum Cea

AbstractEctopic pancreas is defined as pancreatic tissues having no anatomic or vascular connections with the orthotopic pancreas. It is difficult for clinicians to diagnose this disease without performing a histopathological examination because it lacks specific clinical manifestations. This case report is of a 46-year-old woman who presented with epigastric pain. She had elevated serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 72-4 (CA72-4). Abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) revealed a persistently enhanced mass in the proximal jejunum, which was confirmed as ectopic pancreas via histopathological examination. Her serum CEA and CA72-4 levels were restored to normal ranges after resecting the jejunal ectopic pancreas. This is the first reported case of ectopic pancreas causing an elevation in serum CEA and CA-724 levels; this report supports the metaplasia theory and suggests that jejunal masses should be cautiously diagnosed for avoiding unnecessary concerns among patients and their families.

scholarly journals Ovarian steroid cell tumors, not otherwise specified: Analysis of nine cases with a literature review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengyan Lin ◽  
Lingjia Lu ◽  
Shuhang Xu ◽  
Yun Liang ◽  
Xiaodong Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Androgen Excess ◽  
Ovarian Steroid ◽  
Not Otherwise Specified ◽  
Age Range

Abstract Objective Ovarian steroid cell tumors (SCTs), not otherwise specified (NOS), are rare, with few large studies. The purpose of this study was to analyze the clinical features, prognosis, and treatment choices for SCT-NOS patients of different age groups. Methods This was a retrospective study. We identified nine SCT-NOS cases, confirmed by post-operative histopathological examination, and analyzed clinical features, surgical procedures, and follow up outcomes. We also reviewed cases reports of SCT-NOS. Results A total of nine cases were included. The age range was 9–68 years (mean, 41.89 ± 19.72 years). Clinical features included virilization, amenorrhea, abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, isosexual precocious puberty, Cushing’s syndrome, and abnormal weight gain with elevated testosterone levels. The follow up interval ranged 5–53 months and no recurrence was observed. Conclusion Ovarian SCTs covered all age groups, with manifestations of androgen excess. Younger patients appeared to have a more favorable prognosis, which provided more opportunities for these patients to pursue treatment options that will preserve reproductive function.

Effects of 17β-estradiol on pituitary and testicular function in male goldfish

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 1131-1135 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. L. Trudeau ◽  
M. G. Wade ◽  
G. Van Der Kraak ◽  
R. E Peter
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Dopamine Antagonist ◽  
Testicular Function ◽  
Serum Gonadotropin ◽  
17Β Estradiol ◽  
Gonadotropin Ii

The potential involvement of 17β-estradiol in the regulation of pituitary and testicular function was investigated in male goldfish at various times during the seasonal reproductive cycle. Serum levels of testosterone, 11-ketotestosterone, and 17β-estradiol were 10, 16, and 4 times higher in mature males (tubercles on the pectoral fins and milt production; March) than in sexually regressed males (no tubercles or milt production; July). Intraperitoneal injection of [D-Arg6,Trp7,Leu8,Pro9-NEt]gonadotropin releasing hormone (sGnRH-A, 0.01 μg/g) elevated serum gonadotropin II levels within 6 h, and there was a concomitant increase in testosterone but not 17β-estradiol levels in sexually regressing male goldfish (October). Males in the early stage of testicular recrudescence (November) had increased serum levels of gonadotropin II and testosterone in response to [D-Ala6,Pro9-NEt]GnRH (LHRH-A, 0.1 μg/g) or the dopamine antagonist domperidone (5 μg/g). Males implanted intraperitoneally for 10 days with solid Silastic pellet implants containing 17β-estradiol (100 μg/g) had lower basal testosterone levels and a reduced testosterone response to both LHRH-A and domperidone. The serum gonadotropin II response to LHRH-A but not domperidone was enhanced by 17β-estradiol. Male goldfish in mid-recrudescence receiving 17β-estradiol implants for 4 days had lower basal testosterone and 11-ketotestosterone levels than controls. Combined treatment with sGnRH-A (0.1 μg/g) and domperidone (10 μg/g) elevated serum testosterone and 11-ketotestosterone levels at 24 h; the serum androgen response was reduced in 17β-estradiol-implanted fish. These studies support the concept that 17β-estradiol plays a role in the regulation of reproduction in male goldfish by enhancing pituitary gonadotropin II release and by reducing testicular androgen production.

scholarly journals Laparoscopy Diagnostic and Bilateral Gonadectomy in a Patient with Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (CAIS) – A Rare Case of Primary Amenorrhoea with 46XY Karyotype

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 2069-2072
Author(s):  
IB Putra Adnyana ◽  
TGN Chandragiram ◽  
Ketut Surya Negara
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Operative Procedure ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Testicular Tissue ◽  
Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome ◽  
Breast Development ◽  
Primary Amenorrhea ◽  
Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome ◽  
Androgen Insensitivity

Bilateral laparoscopic gonadectomy is reported as an operative procedure of removing the intraabdominal gonads in individuals with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS). We present a case of 18 year old patient who had history of primary amenorrhea. The clinical evaluation shows a female phenotype, excellent breast development, absence of hair in the groins and axillary areas and short blind vagina. In ultrasonographic examination uterus was absent. Hormonal assay showed elevated serum testosterone levels of 1,037 ng/dL. A karyotype was also performed which revealed a 46 XY. Laparoscopy diagnostic revealed absence of internal genitalia except bilateral gonads appearing as testes. The testes were removed to avoid the risk of malignancy. Histopathological examination revealed that both the masses were composed of testicular tissue. Laparoscopy allows to clearly identify, locate as well as gonadectomy in the same time. This approach results in rapid recovery with minimal blood loss and should be considered for all patient with intraabdominal gonads.

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