scholarly journals Snapshot of Phylogenetic Groups, Virulence, and Resistance Markers in Escherichia coli Uropathogenic Strains Isolated from Outpatients with Urinary Tract Infections in Bucharest, Romania

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Violeta Corina Cristea ◽  
Irina Gheorghe ◽  
Ilda Czobor Barbu ◽  
Laura Ioana Popa ◽  
Bogdan Ispas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Resistance Rates

Background. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) are among the most common infections worldwide, including Romania. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study performed on a significant number of community-acquired (CA) UPEC strains isolated from Romanian outpatients, aiming to evaluate and establish potential correlations among the phylogenetic groups (PG), resistance profiles, and the virulence factors (VF) genes of the CA-UPEC isolates. Materials/Methods. The present study was performed on a total of 787 UPEC nonrepetitive isolates consecutively isolated during one month from outpatients with CA-UTIs, visiting one of the biggest laboratories in Bucharest, Romania, receiving patients from all over the country. The strains identification was performed by MALDI TOF and the susceptibility patterns were tested using Microscan according to CLSI guidelines. PCR assays were performed to detect the presence of different VFs (fimH gene encoding for type 1 fimbriae, afaBC for A fimbriae, sfaDE for S fimbriae, KpsMTII for capsule, hlyA for haemolysin A, hlyD for haemolysin D, and cnf-1 for tumor necrosis factor), the phylogenetic groups (PG) A, B1, B2, and D, and the extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) genes. Results. The 787 CA-UPEC strains were isolated predominantly from female patients (90.95%) of >30 years (~74%). The resistance rates were 47.52% for ampicillin, 41.16% for tetracycline, 24.39% for cotrimoxazole, 19.18% for amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, 15.50% for cefazolin, 14.99% for ciprofloxacin, and 14.86% for levofloxacin; 35.19% of the investigated strains were MDR and 9.03% ESBL producers (from which 42.25% were positive for blaCTX-M, 38.02% for blaTEM, and 19.71% for blaSHV). FimH was the most frequent virulence gene (93.90%) followed by hlyD (44.34%); afaBC (38.24%); KpsMTII (32.65%); sfaDE (23.88%); hlyA (12.45%); and cnf-1 (7.75%). The distribution of the analyzed UPEC strains in phylogenetic groups was different for non-MDR and MDR strains. Overall, 35% of the strains belonged to the phylogenetic group B2 (harboring the yjaA gene); 27% to group B1 (confirmed by the presence of the TspE4C2 fragment); 16% to group D; and 22% to group A. The CA-UPEC strains included in PG B1 and PG B2 proved to be the most virulent ones, the number of strains carrying multiple VFs (>3) being significantly larger as compared to strains belonging to PG A and PG D) (p<0,0001). The presence of one or two ESBL genes was significantly associated (p =0.0024) with PGs A and D. Conclusions. Our findings showed that the community UPEC strains circulating in Bucharest, Romania, belong predominantly to group B2 and >90% harbored the fimH gene. High MDR resistance rates were observed, as well as extended VF profiles, highlighting the importance of this type of studies for improving the epidemiological surveillance and the therapeutic or prophylactic management of the respective infections, in the context of antibiotic resistance emergence.

Molecular characterization of Escherichia coli isolates from patients with urinary tract infections in Palestine

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamel Adwan ◽  
Naser Jarrar ◽  
Awni Abu-Hijleh ◽  
Ghaleb Adwan ◽  
Elena Awwad
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus ◽  
The West ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Resistance Rates

Antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli isolated from urinary tract infections (UTIs) is increasing worldwide. A total of 41 E. coli isolates were obtained from urine samples from hospitalized patients with a UTI in three hospitals in the northern districts of the West Bank, Palestine during March and June 2011. Resistance rates were: erythromycin (95 %), trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole (59 %), ciprofloxacin (56 %), gentamicin (27 %), imipenem (22 %), amoxicillin (93 %), amoxicillin–clavulanic acid (32 %), ceftazidime (66 %) and cefotaxime (71 %). No meropenem-resistant isolates were identified in this study. Among the isolates, phylogenetic group B2 was observed in 13 isolates, D in 12 isolates, A in 11 isolates and B1 in five isolates. Thirty-five of the isolates were positive for an extended-spectrum β-lactamase phenotype. Among these isolates, the bla CTX-M gene was detected in 25, and eight harboured the bla TEM gene. None of the isolates contained the bla SHV gene. Transformation experiments indicated that some of the β-lactamase genes (i.e. bla CTX-M and bla TEM) with co-resistance to erythromycin and gentamicin were plasmid encoded and transmissible. Apart from this, enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-PCR (ERIC-PCR) revealed that the 41 isolates were genetically diverse and comprised a heterogeneous population with 11 ERIC-PCR profiles at a 60 % similarity level.

scholarly journals Is there a rise in resistance rates to fosfomycin and other commonly used antibiotics in Escherichia coli-mediated urinary tract infections? A perspective for 2004 – 2011

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 537-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hüsnü PULLUKÇU ◽  
Şöhret AYDEMİR ◽  
Meltem IŞIKGÖZ TAŞBAKAN ◽  
Oğuz Reşat SİPAHİ ◽  
Feriha ÇİLLİ HALL JR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Resistance Rates

scholarly journals Fast identification of Escherichia coli in urinary tract infections using a virulence gene based PCR approach in a novel thermal cycler

2020 ◽  
Vol 169 ◽  
pp. 105799
Author(s):  
Jolanda K. Brons ◽  
Stefanie N. Vink ◽  
Marjon G.J. de Vos ◽  
Stefan Reuter ◽  
Ulrich Dobrindt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Fast Identification ◽  
Thermal Cycler ◽  
Tract Infections

scholarly journals Antibiotic resistance pattern and phylogenetic groups of the uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates from urinary tract infections in Hamedan, west of Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somayeh Bakhtiari ◽  
Hassan Mahmoudi ◽  
Sara Khosravi Seftjani ◽  
Mohammad Ali Amirzargar ◽  
Sima Ghiasvand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Group A ◽  
Tract Infections

Background and Objectives: Escherichia coli is the most common causative agent of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in 90-80% of patients in all age groups. Phylogenetic groups of these bacteria are variable and the most known groups are A, B1, B2 and D. The present study aimed to evaluate the phylogenetic groups of E. coli samples obtained from UTIs and their relation with antibiotic resistance patterns of isolates. Materials and Methods: In this study 113 E. coli isolates were isolated from distinct patients with UTIs referred to Hamadan hospitals. After biochemical and molecular identification of the isolates, typing and phylogenetic grouping of E. coli strains were performed using multiplex PCR targeting chu, yjaA and TSPE4.C2 genes. The anti-microbial susceptibility of the isolates to amikacin, ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ciprofloxacin, cefotaxime, imipenem, aztreonam, gentamicin, meropenem, nitrofurantoin, nalidixic acid and cefazolin was determined using disk diffusion method. Results: Of 113 isolates, 50 (44.2%), 35 (31%), 23 (20.4%) and 5 (4.4%) of samples belonged to group B2, group D, group A and group B1 phylogenetic groups respectively. All isolates were susceptible to meropenem, imipenem (100%), followed by amikacin (99.1%). The highest resistance rates were observed against ampicillin (74.3%) and nalidixic acid (70.8%). Correlation between phylogenetic groups and antibiotic susceptibilities was significant only with co-amoxiclav (P = 0.006), which had the highest resistance in phylogenetic group A. Conclusion: Prevalence of different phylogroup and resistance associated with them in E. coli samples could be variable in each region. Therefore, investigating of these items in E. coli infections, could be more helpful in selecting the appropriate antibiotic treatment and epidemiological studies.

scholarly journals MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS IN NORTH WEST ENGLAND AND THE IMPACT OF FLUID INTAKE ON THE INCIDENCE OF URINARY TRACT INFECTION

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morkos Iskander
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
North West ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUNDManagement of urinary tract infections (UTIs) is compounded by the rising rates of resistance to antimicrobials. Public Health England highlighted areas of the North West of England as having suboptimal practices in the treatment of UTIs. This project aims to evaluate the resistance in Merseyside compared to the national rates, examine resistance in urological patients, review the rates of extended spectrum β-lactamase producing (ESBL) Escherichia coli over time, as well as consider increased fluid intake in the management of UTIs.METHODSUropathogen resistance rates in Merseyside from December 2012 to February 2013 were compared to those nationally reported, with sub analysis of resistance rates in urological patients. The rate of ESBL Escherichia coli in Cheshire was reviewed.MEDLINE, EMBASE, and unpublished literature using OpenGrey and OpenDOAR, were searched since inception to February 2015. Five studies recruiting 2182 patients were included in the analyses. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22 and MedCalc 15.4.RESULTSResistance rates in Merseyside were not found to be higher than the national rates. Urological patients exhibited a statistically significant higher resistance (p&lt;0.0001). The relative risk of ESBL UTI in 2013 compared to 2005 was 8.18, 95% confidence interval (4.86 - 13.74). A preventative effect of increased fluid intake on the incidence of UTIs was found, odds ratio of UTI with increased fluid 0.27, 95% confidence interval (0.21 - 0.33).DISCUSSIONThe equivocal resistance rates in Merseyside and nationally suggests that modification of local practice is indicated. The higher resistance rate in urological patients highlights the need for separate empirical treatment.Increased fluid intake is appealing, due to the low cost and morbidity. Increase fluid intake has been demonstrated to be an effective method of reducing the rate of UTIs.

scholarly journals Identification phenotypic and genotypic characterization of biofilm formation in Escherichia coli isolated from urinary tract infections and their antibiotics resistance

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elnaz Davari Abad ◽  
Amin Khameneh ◽  
Leila Vahedi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Microtiter Plate ◽  
Antibiotics Resistance ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Microbial Characteristics ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Resistance Rates

Abstract Objective Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most common infectious diseases, and Escherichia coli is the most common pathogen isolated from patients with UTIs. The products of sfa, afa and foc genes are important for binding of the bacterium to urinary tract epithelium. Our aim was to investigate these genes in E. colis isolated from patients with UTIS. The frequencies of the genes were determined using PCR. Biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance rates were determined using microtiter plate and disk diffusion methods, respectively. The P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The frequencies of sfa, afa and foc were 75.3%, 17.5% and 22.5%, respectively showing a significantly higher prevalence of the sfa gene. The most effective antibiotics against the E. colis were nitrofurantoin and amikacin. The highest microbial resistance rates were also observed against amoxicillin and ampicillin. Furthermore, 12.7%, 6.3%, 74.7% and 6.3% of the isolates showed strong, moderate, weak capacities and no connections to form biofilms, respectively. The expression of the sfa gene was significantly associated with forming strong biofilms. Regarding the variabilities in the characteristics of E. coli strains associated with UTIs, it seems reasonable to adjust diagnostic and therapeutic methods according to the regional microbial characteristics.

scholarly journals Antibiotic resistance and detection of the sul2 gene in urinary isolates of Escherichia coli in patients from Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (01) ◽  
pp. 039-043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Teichmann ◽  
Homero Neto de Cunha Agra ◽  
Luciana de Souza Nunes ◽  
Marion Pereira da Rocha ◽  
Jane Dagmar Pollo Renner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
Urinary Isolates ◽  
Developing Strategies

Introduction: The present study aimed to assess the antibiotic resistance profiles and detect the presence of the sul2 gene in sulfamethoxazole-susceptible and resistant isolates of Escherichia coli obtained from outpatients and inpatients with urinary tract infections. Methodology: The resistance profiles of 739 strains were assessed and the presence of the sul2 gene in 100 isolates was tested. Results: The antibiotics with the highest resistance rates were ampicillin (57.4%) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (44.7%). The presence of the gene sul2 was detected in 66.7% of outpatient samples and 67.9% of inpatient samples. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that E. coli isolates exhibit high resistance to various classes of antibiotics, highlighting the need for developing strategies to help in prescribing antibiotics.

Comparison of virulence genes and phylogenetic groups of Escherichia coli isolates from urinary tract infections and normal fecal flora

Gene Reports ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 100709
Author(s):  
Nooshin Mojaz-Dalfardi ◽  
Davood Kalantar-Neyestanaki ◽  
Zahra Hashemizadeh ◽  
Shahla Mansouri
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Fecal Flora ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
Tract Infections

scholarly journals Phylogroup and virulence gene association with clinical characteristics of Escherichia coli urinary tract infections from dogs and cats

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tabitha A. Hutton ◽  
Gabriel K. Innes ◽  
Josée Harel ◽  
Philippe Garneau ◽  
Andrew Cucchiara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Previous Hospitalization ◽  
Tract Infections

Escherichia coli isolates from infections outside the gastrointestinal tract are termed extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) and can be divided into different subpathotypes; one of these is uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC). The frequency with which UPEC strains cause urinary tract infections in dogs and cats is not well documented. We used an oligonucleotide microarray to characterize 60 E. coli isolates associated with the urinary tract of dogs ( n = 45) and cats ( n = 15), collected from 2004 to 2007, into ExPEC and UPEC and to correlate results with patient clinical characteristics. Microarray analysis was performed, and phylogroup was determined by a quadruplex PCR assay. Isolates that were missing 1 or 2 of the gene determinants representative of a function (capsule, iron uptake related genes, or specific adhesins) were designated as “non-classifiable” by microarray. Phylogroup B2 was positively associated with the UPEC subpathotype ( p < 0.0005) and negatively associated with “non-classifiable” isolates ( p < 0.0005). Phylogroup D was positively associated with ExPEC pathotype ( p = 0.025) and negatively associated with UPEC subpathotype ( p = 0.014). The ExPEC pathotype was positively associated with hospitalization for one or more days ( p = 0.031). The UPEC subpathotype was negatively associated with previous antimicrobial therapy ( p = 0.045) and previous hospitalization within the 3 mo prior to the positive culture ( p = 0.041). The UPEC subpathotype was positively associated with prostatitis ( p = 0.073) and negatively associated with current immunosuppressive therapy ( p = 0.090). Our results indicate that the case history observations may be critically important during the interpretation of laboratory results to encourage judicious use of antimicrobials.

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