scholarly journals Effect of Moxibustion on Intestinal Microbiome in Acute Gastric Ulcer Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Qi-da He ◽  
Miao-sen Huang ◽  
Long-bin Zhang ◽  
Jia-cheng Shen ◽  
Lin-yu Lian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Mucosal Injury ◽  
Relative Content ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Injury ◽  
Intestinal Microbiome ◽  
16S Rdna Sequencing ◽  
Beneficial Bacteria ◽  
Sequencing Technology ◽  
Rdna Sequencing ◽  
Stomach Meridian

In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), moxibustion had been used for thousands of years. Many clinical case reports and scientific studies had proved that moxibustion had a good effect in treating acute gastric ulcer (AGU). Some studies had shown that the relative content and species of bacteria in the intestinal would be changed when gastric mucosal injury happened. However, there was little research on the effect of intestinal microbiome with AGU rats that were treating by moxibustion. This study is aimed at analyzing the effect of fecal microbiome in rats with AGU by the 16S rDNA sequencing technology. Male SD rats were established by orally feeding once with 70% ethanol at 4 ml/kg except the control group, then treated by moxibustion in the stomach meridian group (“Liangmen,” “Zusanli”) and the gallbladder meridian group (“Riyue,” “Yanglingquan”) for 5 days. The 16S rDNA sequencing technology analysis of feces combined with histopathological methods and molecular biological detection methods was used to evaluate the therapeutic mechanism of moxibustion on AGU. AGU brought cause changes in the number and species of intestinal bacteria. Moxibustion on stomach meridian group could reduce the area of gastric mucosal injury and regulate the relative content of GAS and EGF. Moreover, moxibustion on the stomach meridian group could increase the relative content and species of beneficial bacteria in the intestine of rats with AGU. The relative abundance of intestinal probiotics was significantly upregulated in Alphaproteobacteria, Actinomycetales, and Bacillales. In addition, moxibustion might promote the repair of gastric mucosal injury by increasing the number and species of beneficial bacteria in the intestine.

scholarly journals Effect of Huanglian Decoction on the Intestinal Microbiome in Stress Ulcer (SU) Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Qi Zhang ◽  
Jing-Jing Guo ◽  
Yuen-Ming Yau ◽  
Ying-Jie Wang ◽  
Yan-Bin Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rdna ◽  
Stress Ulcer ◽  
Intestinal Bacteria ◽  
Mucosal Injury ◽  
Intestinal Microbiome ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
16S Rdna Sequencing ◽  
Sequencing Technology ◽  
Rdna Sequencing

Background. Stress ulcer (SU) is a serious gastrointestinal mucosal lesion under acute stress. Huanglian decoction is a famous traditional Chinese medicine prescription, which has been used to treat digestive system diseases for thousands of years. Many clinical cases have proved that Huanglian decoction has a good effect on SU. Some studies have shown that the intestinal bacteria will be changed accordingly when the gastrointestinal mucosa is damaged. However, there are few published reports on the effect of the intestinal microbiome with SU mice that were treated by Huanglian decoction. In this study, we investigated the effect of the fecal microbiome in mice with SU by the 16S rDNA sequencing technology. Methods. Male KM mice were induced by cold-restraint stress except for the normal control group and then treated by Huanglian decoction (Group HD) and Esomeprazole magnesium solution (Group ES) separately for 7 days. 16S rDNA sequencing technology analysis was applied to evaluate the changes of bacterial flora in mice feces. And, histopathological methods and molecular biological detection methods were also performed. Results. Huanglian decoction could help to repair the gastric mucosal injury and regulate the relative content of TNF-α and IL-1β. Moreover, Huanglian decoction could increase the relative abundance of intestinal probiotics in the intestine of mice with SU, especially in Verrucomicrobiae and Akkermansia. Conclusions. Huanglian decoction might effectively promote the repair of gastrointestinal mucosal injury and regulate the number and species of intestinal bacteria to maintain the stability of gastrointestinal microecology.

scholarly journals Application of 16S rDNA Sequencing Technology in the Analysis of Pathogenic Bacteria in Sputum of Severe Pneumonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (03) ◽  
pp. 157-164
Author(s):  
Jun Zheng ◽  
Juan Zhu ◽  
Bin Chen ◽  
Lingxiu Chen ◽  
Tian Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rdna ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
16S Rdna Sequencing ◽  
Sequencing Technology ◽  
Rdna Sequencing

Effects of Sucralfate on Acute Gastric Mucosal Injury and Gastric Ulcer Induced by Ischemia-Reperf usion in Rats

Pharmacology ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kouichirou Wada ◽  
oshinori Kamisaki ◽  
Masayuki Kitano ◽  
Yosuke Kishimot ◽  
Kentaro Nakamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Mucosal Injury ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Injury

scholarly journals PROTECTIVE ROLE OF VITAMIN E AND VITAMIN C ON MORPHOLOGY OF GASTRIC MUCOSAL INJURY INDUCED BY ASPIRIN IN ALBINO RATS

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (01) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Iram Atta ◽  
Shazia Tufail ◽  
Raaffa Tafweez
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Mucosal Injury ◽  
Normal Mucosa ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Injury ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Group I ◽  
Aspirin Group

Background: Peptic ulcer has become an immense problem in our health care system. One of the major cause being the overuse of NSAIDs in Pakistan. Objective: To evaluate gastro protection by Vitamin E, Vitamin C and combination of Vitamin E and Vitamin C on morphology of aspirin induced gastric mucosal injury in albino rats. Methodology: 45 adult albino rats were taken and organized into 5 groups. Control was formed by Group I. Group II was given aspirin. Group III was given Vitamin C and aspirin. Group IV was given Vitamin E and aspirin. Group V received Vitamin C, Vitamin E and aspirin. All the doses were given for 14 days. Rats were then sacrificed after 24 hours and their stomachs were examined to compare the gross and histological findings regarding the colour of the gastric mucosa, presence of gastric ulcer, site of the ulcer, epithelial integrity and extent of the ulcer. Results: Increased frequency of ulcers extending into the submucosa were found in group given aspirin as compared to the rest of the groups. The group that was given combination of Vitamin E and Vitamin C along with aspirin showed significantly better condition than all the groups by showing normal mucosa and intact epithelium in most of the animals. Conclusion: Combination of Vitamin E and Vitamin C has greater defensive effect on aspirin induced gastric mucosal insult than Vitamin C or Vitamin E alone by showing reduction in frequency and severity of gastric ulcer.

The role of the DDAH–ADMA pathway in the protective effect of resveratrol analog BTM-0512 on gastric mucosal injury

2010 ◽  
Vol 88 (5) ◽  
pp. 562-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Li ◽  
Xiu-Ju Luo ◽  
Ying-Zi Liu ◽  
Yi-Shuai Zhang ◽  
Qiong Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Asymmetric Dimethylarginine ◽  
Mucosal Injury ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Injury ◽  
Acute Administration ◽  
Ulcer Index ◽  
Subsequent Decrease ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

A recent study showed that resveratrol, a polyphenol found in many plant species, exerts dual effects on gastric mucosal injury. By using the model of ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury in the present study, we explored the effect of trans-3,5,4′-trimethoxystilbene (BTM-0512), a novel analog of resveratrol, on gastric mucosal injury and the possible underlying mechanisms. Gastric mucosal injury in the rat was induced by oral administration of acidified ethanol. The gastric tissues were collected for determination of the gastric ulcer index, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and nitric oxide (NO) contents, the activity of dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH) and superoxide anion (O2–) or hydroxyl radical (OH·) formation. The results showed that acute administration of ethanol significantly increased the gastric ulcer index concomitantly with the decrease in DDAH activity and NO content as well as the increase in ADMA content, effects that were reversed by pretreatment with BTM-0512 (100 mg/kg) or l-arginine (300 mg/kg). Administration of BTM-0512 did not show a significant effect on O2–or OH· formation. The results suggest that BTM-0512 could protect the gastric mucosa against ethanol-induced injury, which is mainly related to an increase in DDAH activity and subsequent decrease in ADMA content.

Metabolite fingerprinting of novel Streptomyces UK-238 from the Himalayan forest

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidhi Srivastava ◽  
Indira P. Sarethy
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
16S Rdna ◽  
Retention Index ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Antimicrobial Drug ◽  
16S Rdna Sequencing ◽  
Metabolite Fingerprinting ◽  
Streptomyces Sp ◽  
Rdna Sequencing

Aims: Characterization of antimicrobial metabolites of novel Streptomyces sp. UK-238. Background: Novel antimicrobial drug discovery is urgently needed due to emerging multi antimicrobial drug resistance among pathogens. Since many years, natural products have provided the basic skeletons for many therapeutic compounds including antibiotics. Bioprospection of un/under explored habitats and focussing on selective isolation of actinobacteria as major reservoir of bio and chemodiversity has yielded good results. Objective: The main objectives of the study were the identification of UK-238 by 16S rDNA sequencing and antimicrobial metabolite fingerprinting of culture extracts. Method: In the present study, a promising isolate, UK-238, has been screened for antimicrobial activity and metabolite fingerprinting from the Himalayan Thano Reserve forest. It was identified by 16S rDNA sequencing. Ethyl acetate extract was partially purified by column chromatography. The pooled active fractions were fingerprinted by GC-MS and compounds were tentatively identified by collated data analysis based on Similarity Index, observed Retention Index from Databases and calculated Retention Index. Results: UK-238 was identified as Streptomyces sp. with 98.4% similarity to S. niveiscabiei. It exhibited broad-spectrum antibacterial and antifungal activity. GC-MS analysis of active fractions of ethyl acetate extract showed the presence of eighteen novel antimicrobial compounds belonging to four major categories- alcohols, alkaloid, esters and peptide. Conclusion: The study confirms that bioprospection of underexplored habitats can elaborate novel bio and chemodiversity.

Endogenous nitric oxide modulates ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury in rats

1995 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiji Masuda ◽  
Sunao Kawano ◽  
Kouichi Nagano ◽  
Shingo Tsuji ◽  
Yoshiyuki Takei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Mucosal Injury ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Injury ◽  
Endogenous Nitric Oxide

Reflux-related gastric mucosal injury is associated with increased mucosal histamine content in humans

1993 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 1057-1063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Bechi ◽  
Andrea Amorosi ◽  
Roberto Mazzanti ◽  
Rosanna Dei ◽  
Stefano Bianchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mucosal Injury ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Injury ◽  
Histamine Content

ICAM-1 and P-selectin expression in a model of NSAID-induced gastropathy

1998 ◽  
Vol 274 (2) ◽  
pp. G246-G252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Morise ◽  
S. Komatsu ◽  
J. W. Fuseler ◽  
D. N. Granger ◽  
M. Perry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Mucosal Blood Flow ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Blood Flow ◽  
Mucosal Injury ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Injury ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 ◽  
Mucosal Permeability

A growing body of experimental evidence suggests that neutrophilic polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN)-endothelial cell interactions play a critical role in the pathophysiology of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced gastropathy. The objective of this study was to directly determine whether the expression of endothelial cell adhesion molecules is enhanced in a model of NSAID-induced gastropathy. Gastropathy was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats via oral administration of indomethacin (Indo, 20 mg/kg). Lesion scores, blood-to-lumen clearance of 51Cr-EDTA (mucosal permeability), and histological analysis (epithelial necrosis) were used as indexes of gastric mucosal injury. Gastric mucosal vascular expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) or P-selectin were determined at 1 and 3 h after Indo administration using the dual radiolabeled monoclonal antibody (MAb) technique. For some experiments, a blocking MAb directed at either ICAM-1 (1A29) or P-selectin (RMP-1) or their isotype-matched controls was injected intravenously 10 min before Indo administration. We found that P-selectin expression was significantly increased at 1 h but not 3 h after Indo administration, whereas ICAM-1 expression was significantly increased at both 1 and 3 h after Indo treatment. The blocking ICAM-1 and P-selectin MAbs both inhibited Indo-induced increases in lesion score, mucosal permeability, and epithelial cell necrosis. However, the Indo-induced gastropathy was not associated with significant PMN infiltration into the gastric mucosal interstitium, nor did Indo reduce gastric mucosal blood flow. We propose that NSAID-induced gastric mucosal injury may be related to the expression of P-selectin and ICAM-1; however, this mucosal injury does not appear to be dependent on the extravasation of inflammatory cells or mucosal ischemia.

Experimental models of gastric ulceration and injury

1988 ◽  
Vol 255 (4) ◽  
pp. G395-G402 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Silen
Keyword(s):  
Mucosal Injury ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Gastric Ulceration ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Injury ◽  
Epithelial Injury ◽  
Cellular Death ◽  
Mucosal Ulceration ◽  
Controllable Systems ◽  
Simple Models

There are inumerable experimental models of gastric mucosal epithelial injury. Many of these currently in wide use can be regarded as unphysiological and severe, rarely encountered in humans. An analysis of more physiological and simple models indicates that little is known of the events that ultimately cause cellular death, even in simple and easily controllable systems. A review of acceptable measures of gastric mucosal injury is presented. It is suggested that studies of subtle physiological injuries at the cellular level are more likely to yield meaningful insights into the causation of gastric mucosal ulceration.

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