scholarly journals HPVE6/E7,hTERT, andKi67mRNA RT-qPCR Assay for Detecting High-Grade Cervical Lesion with Microscope Slides

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Geehyuk Kim ◽  
Jemberu Taye ◽  
Kwangmin Yu ◽  
Sunyoung Park ◽  
Jungho Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Precancerous Lesion ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase ◽  
Exfoliated Cells ◽  
Hpv Test ◽  
Hpv Screening ◽  
Microscope Slides

After breast and colon cancer, cervical cancer is the third most common cancer of women worldwide. Since human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is known to be the predominant cause of cervical cancer, molecular HPV screening is currently used along with cytological and histological examination methods for precancer diagnosis. Nevertheless, the sensitivity of the current HPV test is less than 80%; thus, many cervical cancer cases are not able to be diagnosed by HPV screening alone, and likewise, patients with cervical cancer are often determined to be HPV-negative by the current screening methods. Therefore, human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) andKi67previously identified as cancer markers were attempted. And cervical exfoliated cells of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), the most severe precancerous lesion of cancer, were used in the study. However, it takes a long time to collect enough specimens to conduct statistical analysis. Therefore, in the present study, microscope slides, cervical exfoliated cells on glass slides, were attempted. The results of the analysis demonstrated thathTERTandKi67expression levels were useful in distinguishing between cancerous and normal specimens, exhibiting a higher sensitivity and specificity than conventional HPVE6/E7testing. And the study suggests clinical slide cell samples could be effectively used in the context of retrospective studies to identify novel biomarkers.

scholarly journals Accuracy of p16/Ki-67 dual staining for improved cervical cancer risk stratification in women aged ≤30 years with hr-HPV positive

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingmin Wang ◽  
Xindan Wang ◽  
Ping Wu ◽  
Jinjian Fu ◽  
Guixian Yi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Precancerous Lesion ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Ki67 Expression ◽  
Hpv Test ◽  
Liquid Based Cytology ◽  
Positive Population ◽  
Dual Staining

Abstract Background: Cervical cancer (CC) is the most common malignancy inwomen on the earth. Cervical cancer usually develops from cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 1 or above. Early detection of CIN1 or above precancerous lesion can effective control of cervical cancer incidence. The goal of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of p16/Ki67 dual staining in triaging hr-HPV positive population aged ≤ 30 years. Methods: A total of 336 women with an average age of 27.8 years old were included in this study. Liquid based cytology (LBC) samples were detected by p16/Ki67 immunocytochemical dual staining, liquid-based cytology, high-risk human papillomavirus (hr-HPV) and HPV 16/18 test. Diagnosis of each method was verified by histopathological test. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and AUC (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, ROC curve) was obtained. Results: All assays had a high sensitivity for the detection of CIN2+. p16/Ki67 dual staining had similar sensitivity with hr-HPV test for CIN2+ detection (89.9% vs 93.9%, P = 0.781), and had similar sensitivity with LBC test (89.9% vs 82.7%, P=0.588). However, p16/Ki67 dual staining had higher specificity than that of both hr-HPV test (70.1% vs 25.5%, P<0.001) and LBC test (70.1% vs 38.9%, P=0.002) for CIN2+ detection. p16/Ki67 dual staining had bigger AUC (0.80) than that of hr-HPV test (0.60) and LBC test (0.61), the P value was 0.002, 0.003, respectively. The specificity of dual staining for CIN2+ detection in hr-HPV positive women was 70.1%, which was higher than that of LBC test (41.9%, P=0.020). Colposcopy referral rate of p16/Ki67 was lower than that of both hr-HPV and LBC (P=0.002, <0.001, respectively). HPV infection was significantly associated with p16/Ki67 expression in all patients. p16/Ki67 expression in HPV16/18 and other 15 types of hr-HPV infection was significantly higher than negative hr-HPV infection, odds ratio (OR) was 12.16 (95% confidence interval, 95% CI = 5.82-25.41) and 2.65 (95% CI = 1.27-5.51), respectively. Conclusions: p16/Ki67 dual staining has a good specificity of high-grade cervical lesions detection and is a promising tool in triage of CIN2+ and hr-HPV positive population and avoid over diagnosis and treatment.

scholarly journals Distribution and Prevalence of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Genotypes in Cervical Specimens

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-331
Author(s):  
Erkan Özmen ◽  
Ülkü Altoparlak ◽  
Muhammet Hamidullah Uyanık ◽  
Abdulkadir Gülen
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Hpv Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hpv Types

Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is frequently a sexually transmitted virus and can cause cervical cancer in women. Cervical cancer is the second most common type of cancer among the developing countries. In this study, cervical HPV DNA positivity and genotype distributions were investigated in female patients living in our region and the results were compared with different studies. Materials and Methods: Between 1 July, 2017 and 1 March, 2019, 433 cervical swabs were sent to Ataturk University, Medical Faculty Hospital, Medical Microbiology Laboratory due to suspicion of HPV. Swab samples were evaluated for HPV virus using molecular (Polymerase Chain Reaction-PCR) methods. For this purpose, Xpert HPV Test (Cepheid, Inc, Sunnyvale, CA) was used to identify HPV types 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66 and 68 t in a single sample. Results: Mean age of the patients ranged from 20 to 69 years, with a mean of 39.8 years (± 10.0). Positivity was detected in 62 of the 433 patients. Mean age of the positive patients was 40.2 years (± 11.3). When the positive patients were examined in terms of HPV types, the presence of HPV 16 was observed with a rate of 25.6%, while the HPV 18/45 types were found to be 9.0% in total. When patients were evaluated according to age groups, HPV DNA positivity was highest in the 25-34 age group with 38.7%. In our statistical study, there was no significant difference in HPV DNA positivity rate between the ages of 35 and under 35 years. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the prevalence and viral genotype distribution of HPV infection in women in Erzurum region. HPV type 16 is seen with a high rate in our region.

scholarly journals Human papillomavirus and abnormal cervical lesions among HIV-infected women in HIV-discordant couples from Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 457-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon L Guthrie ◽  
Anne F Rositch ◽  
Joy Alison Cooper ◽  
Carey Farquhar ◽  
Rose Bosire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Cervical Neoplasia ◽  
Cervical Cytology ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Hpv Prevalence ◽  
High Grade Lesion ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
Hpv Screening

ObjectiveHIV infection increases the risk of high-grade cervical neoplasia and invasive cervical carcinoma. The study addresses the limited data describing human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and cervical neoplasia among HIV-infected women in HIV-discordant relationships in sub-Saharan Africa, which is needed to inform screening strategies.MethodsA cross-sectional study of HIV-infected women with HIV-uninfected partners was conducted to determine the distribution of type-specific HPV infection and cervical cytology. This study was nested in a prospective cohort recruited between September 2007 and December 2009 in Nairobi, Kenya. Cervical cells for HPV DNA testing and conventional cervical cytology were collected. HPV types were detected and genotyped by Roche Linear Array PCR assay.ResultsAmong 283 women, the overall HPV prevalence was 62%, and 132 (47%) had ≥1 high-risk (HR)-HPV genotype. Of 268 women with cervical cytology results, 18 (7%) had high-grade cervical lesions or more severe by cytology, of whom 16 (89%) were HR-HPV-positive compared with 82 (41%) of 199 women with normal cytology (p<0.001). The most common HR-HPV types in women with a high-grade lesion or more severe by cytology were HPV-52 (44%), HPV-31 (22%), HPV-35 (22%), HPV-51 (22%) and HPV-58 (22%). HR-HPV genotypes HPV-16 or HPV-18 were found in 17% of women with high-grade lesions or more severe. HR-HPV screening applied in this population would detect 89% of those with a high-grade lesion or more severe, while 44% of women with normal or low-grade cytology would screen positive.ConclusionHR-HPV prevalence was high in this population of HIV-infected women with an uninfected partner. Choice of screening for all HR genotypes versus a subset of HR genotypes in these HIV-infected women will strongly affect the performance of an HPV screening strategy relative to cytological screening. Regional and subpopulation differences in HR-HPV genotype distributions could affect screening test performance.

Dynamics of Human Papillomavirus and Cervical Cancer Screening

2011 ◽  
Vol 07 (04) ◽  
pp. 243
Author(s):  
Channa E Schmeink ◽  
Leon FAG Massuger ◽  
Willem JG Melchers ◽  
Ruud LM Bekkers ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Carcinoma ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Productive Infection ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Screening Guidelines ◽  
Hpv Test

Primary screening based on detection of human papillomavirus (HPV) has proved to be more sensitive than cytology for the detection of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Self-sampling for specimen collection may also improve the participation rate, especially in the non-responder group. However, HPV is highly prevalent and therefore HPV detection has a lower specificity in cervical cancer screening than cytology. In addition to the clinically validated HPV test, HPV dynamics should be taken into account. It is important to identify women with a chronic productive infection likely to cause, or to already have caused, high-grade CIN or cervical carcinoma, and to limit overtreatment of women with a transient infection. Furthermore, the introduction of the HPV vaccine is likely to lower the incidence of CIN and cervical carcinoma, which will lower the positive predictive value of cervical cancer screening. This potential impact needs to be taken into account when planning for future screening guidelines.

scholarly journals Risk of cervical cancer associated with HPV infection among the gynae outdoor patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 3-6
Author(s):  
Tanjila Rahman ◽  
Shahina Tabassum ◽  
Munira Jahan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Socioeconomic Condition ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Hpv Test

Human papilloma virus is an oncogenic DNA virus, which is identified in 99.7% case of invasive cancer. It is the most prevalent virus involved in sexually transmitted diseases worldwide and an important public health challenge for the prevention of cervical carcinoma. Cervical cancer is the second cause of malignant neoplasia and death in women. The present study was thus designed to detect the risk factors for HPV infection in normal and unhealthy cervix of women attending tertiary care hospital (BSMMU). HPV DNA was detected among the study population using the Hybrid Capture 2 assay, which determined HPV high risk types. A total of 68 women between 25-70 years of age were included in this cross sectional study. Among them 13 (19.1%) cases were tested positive for HPV DNA. The risk factors for HPV infection identified from this result are early sexual activity, lower level of education, early marriage, multi-parity, total duration of sexual activity in years and long term use of oral contraceptive pill and poor socioeconomic condition. Increased awareness and understanding regarding HPV infection would improve the risk of infection and control in sexually active women. HPV diagnosis at early stages of infection is of fundamental importance. The use of HPV test in routine cervical mass screening may not be possible in developing countries like Bangladesh due to its high cost. Nevertheless, it has been shown to be a useful tool when combined with cytology to diagnose high-risk infection in apparently normal tissues, and may help to reduce the risk of cervical cancers. The results obtained from this study ultimately contribute to cervical cancer prevention among Bangladeshi women. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmjk.v46i1-2.18231 Bang Med J (Khulna) 2013; 46 : 3-6

scholarly journals Mitochondrial DNA copy number in cervical exfoliated cells and risk of cervical cancer among HPV-positive women

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Sun ◽  
Xueyun Qin ◽  
Jing Zhou ◽  
Mingjing Xu ◽  
Zhangyan Lyu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Wald Test ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Dna Copy Number ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna Copy Number ◽  
Exfoliated Cells ◽  
Hpv Types

Abstract Background Although human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been recognized as the major cause of cervical cancer, only a minority of HPV-infected women develop this malignancy. An increasing amount of evidence suggests that alterations of mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtCN) may c ontribute to carcinogenesis. However, the relationship between mtCN and cervical cancer remains unknown. Methods In this case-control study, we included 591 cervical cancer cases and 373 cancer-free controls, all of whom were infected with high-risk HPV. Relative mtCN in cervical cancer exfoliated cells was measured by qRT-PCR assay s , and logistic regression analysis was performed to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Interaction between mtCN and HPV types was assessed by using the Wald test in logistic regression models. Results HPV16, 18, 52, and 58 were the most common types in both case and control groups. Median mtCN in cases was significantly higher than that in controls ( P = 0.03). After adjustment for age and HPV types , the highest quartile of mtCN was associated with increased odds of having cervical cancer (OR = 1.77, 95% CI = 1.19, 2.62; P < 0.01), as compared to the lowest quartile. A dose-response effect of mtCN on cervical cancer was also observed ( P trend < 0.001). The interaction between mtCN and HPV types was statistically nonsignificant. Conclusions Increased mtCN in cervical exfoliated cells is associated with cervical cancer after HPV infection, suggesting a potential role of mtCN in cervical carcinogenesis.

The distribution of HPV subtype and multiple HPV infection in cervical cancer and precancerous lesion

2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong Ha Wui ◽  
Hyo Jeong Seong ◽  
Tae Sung Lee ◽  
Hoon Kyu Oh ◽  
Kywan Kyu Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Precancerous Lesion ◽  
Hpv Infection

scholarly journals miR-9, miR-21, miR-27b, and miR-34a Expression in HPV16/58/52-Infected Cervical Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Mi Liu ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Haixing Chen ◽  
Yi Lu ◽  
Daisha Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
The Other ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Level Change ◽  
Exfoliated Cells ◽  
Change Trend ◽  
Hpv16 Infection

The aim of this study was to observe the expression of miR-9, miR-21, miR-27b, and miR-34a related with E6/E7 in HPV16-, HPV52-, and HPV58-infected cervical cancer patients and explore their possible role in cervical cancer with HPV infection. The expression levels of 4 miRNAs were detected in cervical exfoliated cells using qRT-PCR. In the current study, miR-34a expression was significantly upregulated in HPV-positive cervical cancer compared with the HPV-negative healthy population and HPV-positive CIN, but just the expression of miR-34a in HPV16 cervical cancer was statistically significant, and the expression of HPV52 and HPV58 was not statistically significant. The expression of miR-21 increased in HPV-positive cervical cancer compared with HPV-positive CIN, but only HPV16-infected cervical cancer had statistical significance compared with HPV16-infected CIN. By observing the change trend of each subtype group, we can show that the expression of miR-9 in HPV16 CIN was opposite to the other subtypes, and it was upregulated, compared with HPV58 CIN, and significantly increased. The level change of miR-27b in HPV58 cervical cancer and HPV58 CIN was opposite to the other subtypes; unlike the expression of miR-27b which was upregulated in HPV16 and HPV52 infected, it was downregulated compared with Normal. We also found that the expression of miR-34a and miR-9 was contrary to other studies. These findings indicate that the upregulated miR-21 expression may be a biomarker to distinguish between CC and CIN. miR-34a in HPV infection, especially in HPV16 infection, might be related to the occurrence and development of cervical cancer. The infection of different subtypes may play different roles in disease by activating different mechanisms; miRNAs play a very complex role in tumorigenesis and development, and there may be multiple targets in which multiple mechanisms play a role.

scholarly journals Awareness and knowledge of human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccine in prevention of cervical cancer among medical students

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 5026
Author(s):  
Radhika M. ◽  
Sadiqunissa Sadiqunissa ◽  
Mehfooza Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Cancer Cervix ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infection Risk Factors

Background: Cervical cancer is the most common malignancy amongst women in India. Identification and prevention of the pre-cancerous lesions helps to reduce the incidence of Carcinoma of cervix. The main aim of the study is to know the awareness and knowledge of HPV vaccine in prevention of cervical cancer among medical students.Methods: The study included 97 medical students (final year) studying in Yenepoya Medical College, Mangalore. It is a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study.Results: The results of awareness and knowledge about the HPV vaccine are interpreted in percentage. In this study, 76% of study subjects were aware that cancer cervix is preventable, 80% of the study subjects were aware about the association between the causation of cancer cervix by HPV. Majority of the study subjects about 72% ware about the vaccines for HPV but, awareness about the cost and efficacy of the vaccine was low only about 30% and 10% respectively. However, importantly students had a positive attitude to educate people regarding HPV vaccination and also to clear myths and misconceptions.Conclusions: Medical students should be educated regarding HPV infection, risk factors for causation of cervical cancer, screening methods which are available, HPV vaccines available in India and also about the efficacy and to motivate the society to have a positive attitude towards HPV vaccination by clearing the misconceptions regarding its information.

scholarly journals The Clinical Role of HPV Testing in Primary and Secondary Cervical Cancer Screening

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Hoste ◽  
K. Vossaert ◽  
W. A. J. Poppe
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Hpv Testing ◽  
Clinical Role ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Hpv Test

Traditional population-based cervical screening programs, based on cytology, have successfully reduced the burden of cervical cancer. Nevertheless limitations remain and new screening methods are emerging. Despite vaccination against the 2 most oncogenic types (HPV 16/18), cervical cancer screening will have to continue as an essential public health strategy. As the acquisition of an HR-HPV infection is critical in the progression to (pre-)cancerous cervical lesions, recent research has focused on HR-HPV detection. The sensitivity of HPV testing in primary and secondary prevention outweighs that of cytology, at the cost of slightly lower specificity. Although most of the HR-HPV infections are cleared after conization, new evidence from numerous studies encourages the implementation of HR-HPV testing and genotyping to improve posttreatment surveillance. An HR-HPV test 6 months after conization is a promising useful clinical marker to detect persistence and prevent progression. This review highlights the clinical role of HPV testing in primary and secondary cervical cancer screening.

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