The distribution of HPV subtype and multiple HPV infection in cervical cancer and precancerous lesion

2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong Ha Wui ◽  
Hyo Jeong Seong ◽  
Tae Sung Lee ◽  
Hoon Kyu Oh ◽  
Kywan Kyu Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Precancerous Lesion ◽  
Hpv Infection

scholarly journals HPVE6/E7,hTERT, andKi67mRNA RT-qPCR Assay for Detecting High-Grade Cervical Lesion with Microscope Slides

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Geehyuk Kim ◽  
Jemberu Taye ◽  
Kwangmin Yu ◽  
Sunyoung Park ◽  
Jungho Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Precancerous Lesion ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase ◽  
Exfoliated Cells ◽  
Hpv Test ◽  
Hpv Screening ◽  
Microscope Slides

After breast and colon cancer, cervical cancer is the third most common cancer of women worldwide. Since human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is known to be the predominant cause of cervical cancer, molecular HPV screening is currently used along with cytological and histological examination methods for precancer diagnosis. Nevertheless, the sensitivity of the current HPV test is less than 80%; thus, many cervical cancer cases are not able to be diagnosed by HPV screening alone, and likewise, patients with cervical cancer are often determined to be HPV-negative by the current screening methods. Therefore, human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) andKi67previously identified as cancer markers were attempted. And cervical exfoliated cells of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), the most severe precancerous lesion of cancer, were used in the study. However, it takes a long time to collect enough specimens to conduct statistical analysis. Therefore, in the present study, microscope slides, cervical exfoliated cells on glass slides, were attempted. The results of the analysis demonstrated thathTERTandKi67expression levels were useful in distinguishing between cancerous and normal specimens, exhibiting a higher sensitivity and specificity than conventional HPVE6/E7testing. And the study suggests clinical slide cell samples could be effectively used in the context of retrospective studies to identify novel biomarkers.

scholarly journals Cervical Cancer and Ethical issues in HPV Vaccination

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
Fariha Haseen ◽  
Sadia Akther Sony
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Personal Autonomy ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Precancerous Lesion ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
World Health ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Critical Question ◽  
Compulsory Vaccination

Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection causes death of 270,000 people die from every year. Sexually transmitted HPV was found one of the major causes of cervical cancer. World Health Organization (WHO). Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the top five cancers that affect women around the world. In June 2006, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved a new vaccine for women, Gardasil, produced by the pharmaceutical company Merck that protects against infection by certain strains of HPV, including the two strains that cause most cases of cervical cancer. Vaccinations are counted as one of public health’s important development but there is an ethical dilemma between balancing personal autonomy and protection of the entire at risk population. The vaccine caused very few side effects like local reactions whereas signs or symptoms of greater importance were very. Moreover it was considered that the vaccine is has an efficacy of practically 100% in prevention of precancerous lesion caused by the viral genotypes included in the vaccine. Bioethicists were not convinced about compulsory vaccination laws as the values of patient autonomy and informed consent to be preeminent to them. Not surprisingly, some have expressed wariness about or opposition to mandating HPV vaccination. A critical question is whether achieving a higher level of coverage justifies the infringement on parental autonomy that compulsory vaccination inevitably entails. Recommendation of the universal vaccination of girls and young women may evolve ethical challenges which might make it difficult for smooth implementation of the vaccination campaigns. Review of the ethical issues in HPV vaccination will constitute the main part of our paper.

scholarly journals Survey on Knowledge and Awareness about Human Papilloma Virus and Cervical Cancer in Parents of School-Going Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Sanika J. Kotkar ◽  
Priyanka Gokhale
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Sexual Debut ◽  
Precancerous Lesion ◽  
Parental Knowledge ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Hpv Vaccines ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Validated Questionnaire

Human papilloma virus lesions are known to cause cervical cancer in persons infected by the virus. The incubation time between an oncogenic HPV infection and cervical cancer is 10-15 years hence preventive measures should be taken in adolescent age. HPV vaccines (Cervarix and Gardasil) reduce the risk of cancerous and precancerous lesion by more than 95%. These vaccines are to be admitted to young children before their sexual debut (11-12 years), since deemed as legal minors, parental consent is required for the administration of the virus. Parental knowledge about cervical cancer and HPV infections plays a vital role in their awareness about the presence of HPV vaccines and their willingness to get their child vaccinated against the same. The study consisted of a pre-validated questionnaire posed before the parents to know their knowledge and awareness regarding cervical cancer, human papilloma virus and sexual health. Key words: Cervical cancer, Human Papilloma Virus, knowledge, awareness, school children, cancer.

scholarly journals Accuracy of p16/Ki-67 dual staining for improved cervical cancer risk stratification in women aged ≤30 years with hr-HPV positive

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingmin Wang ◽  
Xindan Wang ◽  
Ping Wu ◽  
Jinjian Fu ◽  
Guixian Yi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Precancerous Lesion ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Ki67 Expression ◽  
Hpv Test ◽  
Liquid Based Cytology ◽  
Positive Population ◽  
Dual Staining

Abstract Background: Cervical cancer (CC) is the most common malignancy inwomen on the earth. Cervical cancer usually develops from cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 1 or above. Early detection of CIN1 or above precancerous lesion can effective control of cervical cancer incidence. The goal of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of p16/Ki67 dual staining in triaging hr-HPV positive population aged ≤ 30 years. Methods: A total of 336 women with an average age of 27.8 years old were included in this study. Liquid based cytology (LBC) samples were detected by p16/Ki67 immunocytochemical dual staining, liquid-based cytology, high-risk human papillomavirus (hr-HPV) and HPV 16/18 test. Diagnosis of each method was verified by histopathological test. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and AUC (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, ROC curve) was obtained. Results: All assays had a high sensitivity for the detection of CIN2+. p16/Ki67 dual staining had similar sensitivity with hr-HPV test for CIN2+ detection (89.9% vs 93.9%, P = 0.781), and had similar sensitivity with LBC test (89.9% vs 82.7%, P=0.588). However, p16/Ki67 dual staining had higher specificity than that of both hr-HPV test (70.1% vs 25.5%, P<0.001) and LBC test (70.1% vs 38.9%, P=0.002) for CIN2+ detection. p16/Ki67 dual staining had bigger AUC (0.80) than that of hr-HPV test (0.60) and LBC test (0.61), the P value was 0.002, 0.003, respectively. The specificity of dual staining for CIN2+ detection in hr-HPV positive women was 70.1%, which was higher than that of LBC test (41.9%, P=0.020). Colposcopy referral rate of p16/Ki67 was lower than that of both hr-HPV and LBC (P=0.002, <0.001, respectively). HPV infection was significantly associated with p16/Ki67 expression in all patients. p16/Ki67 expression in HPV16/18 and other 15 types of hr-HPV infection was significantly higher than negative hr-HPV infection, odds ratio (OR) was 12.16 (95% confidence interval, 95% CI = 5.82-25.41) and 2.65 (95% CI = 1.27-5.51), respectively. Conclusions: p16/Ki67 dual staining has a good specificity of high-grade cervical lesions detection and is a promising tool in triage of CIN2+ and hr-HPV positive population and avoid over diagnosis and treatment.

scholarly journals Colposcopic Evaluation of Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid Positive Cases of Unhealthy Cervix

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-65
Author(s):  
Setara Binte Kasem ◽  
Shaikh Abdur Razzaque ◽  
Raisa Adiba ◽  
Selma Anika ◽  
Mala Banik
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Invasive Carcinoma ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Invasive Cervical Cancer ◽  
Precancerous Lesion ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Early Management ◽  
Dna Test

Cervical cancer is the commonest form of cancer in women in virtually all developing countries1. It is the third most common cancer among women worldwide2. Almost 80% of cervical cancer occurs in developing countries. In developed nations, the figure for invasive cervical cancer are much lower due to adaptation of different screening tests1. All sexually active women are at risk of acquiring a Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection which may lead to cervical cancer in the future3. Cervical cancer is a preventable disease as the different screening, diagnostic and therapeutic procedures are effective. The screening procedures are VIA (Visual inspection of cervix with acetic acid), Pap’s smear and HPV DNA test. Colposcopy is the triage in screening, taking colpospoy directed biopsy as well as treatment of CIN such as cold coagulation, cryotherapy, and LEEP (Loop electro-surgical excision procedure)4. Objective: To study the role of Colposcopy in the evaluation VIA positive cases of unhealthy cervix, to localize the leisons to obtain the biopsies from the selected areas and detection of precancerous lesion of cervix for early management. Meterials and Methods: This was a prospective observational study done among 306 married women aged 18-65 years who had clinically unhealthy cervix attending the VIA and colposcopy clinic in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital from January 2015 to December 2016. All the patients were subjected to VIA test. Colposcopic evaluation done in VIA positive cases and the findings were noted. Colposcopy directed biopsy was taken from colposcopically suspected areas. Results: Out of 306 cases, 63 women had positive VIA tests and 233 women had negative VIA tests. Colposcopic evaluation were undertaken among 63 VIA positive cases. Colposcopy directed punch biopsy revealed that 28 (60.32%) cases had positive lesions like CIN or invasive carcinoma and 25 (39.68%) had neither CIN or invasive lesions . Among positive leisons about 30.16% had CINI, 1.59 % had CIN II, 0% had CIN III and 28.57% had invasive carcinoma. In this study sensitivity and specificity of colposcopy examination of VIA positive cases were found 94.74% and 56% respectively. Conclusion: It is evident that colposcopy plays a very important role in the evaluation of VIA positive cases of unhealthy cervix. So that early diagnosis and treatment of preinvasive and early invasive carcinoma of cervixis is possible. So wide use of colposcopy in screening program of Bangladesh speciallly in the VIA positive cases can reduce the many young women’s morbidity and mortality. J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2019; 37(2): 60-65

scholarly journals FNDC3B and BPGM Are Involved in Human Papillomavirus-Mediated Carcinogenesis of Cervical Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luhan Zhang ◽  
Hong Yu ◽  
Tian Deng ◽  
Li Ling ◽  
Juan Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Precancerous Lesion ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Cervical Carcinogenesis ◽  
Normal Epithelium ◽  
Key Genes

Human papillomavirus (HPV)-mediated cervical carcinogenesis is a multistep progressing from persistent infection, precancerous lesion to cervical cancer (CCa). Although molecular alterations driven by viral oncoproteins are necessary in cervical carcinogenesis, the key regulators behind the multistep process remain not well understood. It is pivotal to identify the key genes involved in the process for early diagnosis and treatment of this disease. Here we analyzed the mRNA expression profiles in cervical samples including normal, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), and CCa. A co-expression network was constructed using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to reveal the crucial modules in the dynamic process from HPV infection to CCa development. Furthermore, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that could distinguish all stages of progression of CCa were screened. The key genes involved in HPV-CCa were identified. It was found that the genes involved in DNA replication/repair and cell cycle were upregulated in CIN compared with normal control, and sustained in CCa, accompanied by substantial metabolic shifts. We found that upregulated fibronectin type III domain-containing 3B (FNDC3B) and downregulated bisphosphoglycerate mutase (BPGM) could differentiate all stages of CCa progression. In patients with CCa, a higher expression of FNDC3B or lower expression of BPGM was closely correlated with a shorter overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis of CIN and CCa showed that FNDC3B had the highest sensitivity and specificity for predicting CCa development. Taken together, the current data showed that FNDC3B and BPGM were key genes involved in HPV-mediated transformation from normal epithelium to precancerous lesions and CCa.

scholarly journals A study on the relationship of cervical cancer with vaginal microbiota and trichomoniasis infection; a single center study

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. e22-e22
Author(s):  
Pegah Hedayat ◽  
Maryam Derakhshan ◽  
Reda Bazzal
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Precancerous Lesion ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Vaginal Microbiota ◽  
Pap Smear Test ◽  
Single Center Study ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Cervical cancer is the most prevalent cancer associated with infection, which is provoked by the human papillomavirus (HPV). Natural vaginal microbes, known as vaginal microbiota, play an important role in regulating vaginal pH and are therefore important in the risk of cervical cancer. Trichomoniasis vaginalis is a genital infection that reports 250 million new infections worldwide each year and can increase the risk of developing cervical cancer in the general population. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between cervical cancer and vaginal microbiota or trichomoniasis infection by examining several risk factors. Patients and Methods: This prospective case study was conducted from 2014 to 2018 from an educational pathology group in Isfahan, 200 samples are included in this study. The groups consist of women over 18 years old. The study group included patients with cervical cancer lesions. For participants, a questionnaire containing information about age, gender, abortion, age at first delivery, smoking or passive smoking and the result of Pap smear test (HPV, vaginal microbiota or Trichomonas) was completed. Results: Results suggested that cancerous and precancerous lesion development is not associated with parity, age at first child’s birth. However, it is statistically associated with lower vaginal microbiota, increased Trichomonas infection, old age, increased abortion rate, smoking, and the presence of HPV infection on Pap smear. Conclusion: Protection from harmful factors that affect a healthy vaginal microbiome, such as Trichomonas infections, can reduce the risk of cervical cancer.

A combined ultrastructural and gene molecular research for the relationship between human uterine cervical carcinoma and human papillomavirus

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 204-205
Author(s):  
Kun Lee ◽  
Jingyi Si ◽  
Ricai Han ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Bingbing Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Dot Blot ◽  
Homologous Sequences ◽  
Normal Cervical Epithelium ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Chronic Cervicitis

There are more supports for the view that human papillomavirus (HPV) infection might be an etiological factor in the development of cervical cancer when the association of persistent condylomata is considered. Biopsies from 318 cases with squamous cell carcinoma of uterine cervix, 48 with cervical and vulvar condylomata, 14 with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), 34 with chronic cervicitis and 24 normal cervical epithelium were collected from 5 geographic regions of China with different cervical cancer mortalities. All specimens were prepared for Dot blot, Southern blot and in situ DNA-DNA hybridizations by using HPV-11, 16, 18 DNA labelled with 32P and 3H as probes to detect viral homologous sequences in samples. Among them, 32 cases with cervical cancer, 27 with condyloma and 10 normal cervical epitheliums were randomly chosen for comparative EM observation. The results showed that: 1), 192 out of 318 (60.4%) cases of cervical cancer were positive for HPV-16 DNA probe (Table I)

The role of programmed cell death ligand-1/ programmed cell death-1 (PD-L1/PD-1) in HPV-induced cervical cancer and potential for their use in blockade therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lifang Zhang ◽  
Yu Zhao ◽  
Quanmei Tu ◽  
Xiangyang Xue ◽  
Xueqiong Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Immune Escape ◽  
Hypoxia Inducible Factor ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Advanced Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cervical Carcinogenesis ◽  
Programmed Cell Death 1

Background: Cervical cancer induced by infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) remains a leading cause of mortality for women worldwide although preventive vaccines and early diagnosis have reduced morbidity and mortality. Advanced cervical cancer can only be treated with either chemotherapy or radiotherapy but outcomes are poor. The median survival for advanced cervical cancer patients is only 16.8 months. Methods: We undertook a structural search of peer-reviewed published studies based on 1). Characteristics of programmed cell death ligand-1/programmed cell death-1(PD-L1/PD-1) expression in cervical cancer and upstream regulatory signals of PD-L1/PD-1 expression, 2). The role of the PD-L1/PD-1 axis in cervical carcinogenesis induced by HPV infection and 3). Whether the PD-L1/PD-1 axis has emerged as a potential target for cervical cancer therapies. Results: One hundred and twenty-six published papers were included in the review, demonstrating that expression of PD-L1/PD-1 is associated with HPV-caused cancer, especially with HPV 16 and 18 which account for approximately 70% of cervical cancer cases. HPV E5/E6/E7 oncogenes activate multiple signaling pathways including PI3K/AKT, MAPK, hypoxia-inducible factor 1α, STAT3/NF-kB and MicroRNAs, which regulate PD-L1/PD-1 axis to promote HPV-induced cervical carcinogenesis. The PD-L1/PD-1 axis plays a crucial role in immune escape of cervical cancer through inhibition of host immune response. creating an "immune-privileged" site for initial viral infection and subsequent adaptive immune resistance, which provides a rationale for therapeutic blockade of this axis in HPV-positive cancers. Currently, Phase I/II clinical trials evaluating the effects of PD-L1/PD-1 targeted therapies are in progress for cervical carcinoma, which provide an important opportunity for the application of anti-PD-L1/anti-PD-1 antibodies in cervical cancer treatment. Conclusion: Recent research developments have led to an entirely new class of drugs using antibodies against the PD-L1/PD-1 thus promoting the body’s immune system to fight the cancer. The expression and roles of the PD-L1/ PD-1 axis in the progression of cervical cancer provide great potential for using PD-L1/PD-1 antibodies as a targeted cancer therapy.

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