scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Evolution Pattern and Driving Factors of Higher-Education Population in China

Complexity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Qiudi Zhao ◽  
Yaohuan Huang ◽  
Yesen Liu
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Driving Factors ◽  
City Size ◽  
Spatiotemporal Evolution ◽  
Evolution Pattern ◽  
Sampling Statistics ◽  
The City

The spatial and temporal distribution of the higher-education population (HEP) is a fundamental characteristic of the development level of higher education in a region or a country. Based on the annual population sampling statistics from 2000 to 2015, the spatiotemporal evolution pattern of the HEP in China is systematically analyzed. Meanwhile, 9 driving factors related to natural conditions and socioeconomic conditions of average slope, average elevation, the city location, the city size, high-speed railways, highways, gross domestic product (GDP) density, nonagricultural population, and population density of 2000 and 2010 at the municipal level are constructed. Then, the factors driving the distribution of the HEP are quantitatively analyzed using the geodetector model. The results show that the centroid of the HEP, shifting from the northeast to the southwest from 2000 to 2010, is markedly different from that of the total population from 2000 to 2015 in China. Despite their different moving directions, the distance between the two centroids is decreasing, indicating both significant regional differences of the HEP in China and a narrowing gap between the HEP and the total population in recent years. The results of the factor detector of 2000 and 2010 suggest that the proportion of the nonagricultural population and the city location are the main driving factors of the distribution of the HEP, with driving forces between 0.494 and 0.627, followed by the city size, highways, and GDP density, with driving forces are between 0.199 and 0.302. It indicates that urbanization levels and urban locations are the main factors affecting the spatial distribution of the HEP. The results of the interaction detection reveal that the interaction of the nonagricultural population and the GDP density can explain 92.7% of the spatial variety of the HEP in 2000, while that of the nonagricultural population and the population density can explain 97.6% of the spatial variety of the HEP in 2010, which reflects a more balanced development of the HEP. In addition, a large proportion of the HEP transfers from economically developed areas to densely populated areas.

Study on Urban Expansion Patterns Based on the Driving Force Analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 6038-6041
Author(s):  
Cong Xia Zhao ◽  
Peng Guang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Driving Forces ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
City Size ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Healthy Development ◽  
Driving Force Analysis ◽  
The City ◽  
Scale Limit

Since 1990s, urban land in China has increased rapidly, and the annual construction land quota of the city has been broken through constantly, so city size is always surmounting the scale limit of master plan. In order to understand and guide the healthy development of city scientifically, the paper investigates large amount of Chinese and western urban expansion phenomenon in the past centuries, and sums up 5 expansion patterns according to the driving forces. They are urban expansions driven by industrialization, by social psychology, by high concentration of urbanization, by impeded urbanization and national policy and by globalization, which are the main types of the urban expansion in modern society.

scholarly journals ECONOMIC MEASUREMENT OF OPTIMAL CITY SIZE: THE CASE OF WEST SUMATRA, INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sjafrizal ◽  
Suhairi ◽  
Winarno ◽  
Taosige WAU
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
City Size ◽  
Optimal Size ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Single Measure ◽  
Relative Index ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Optimal City Size

This is an empirical study of economic measurement of the optimal size of seven cities in West Sumatra region, Indonesia. The empirical findings are quite interesting since the calculated optimal city size does not result in a single measure as mostly previous studies found, but they vary in accordance with the economic approaches used. The optimal city size measured by using the maximum profit approach would have been larger in size compared to those measured by the minimum cost and maximum net benefit approaches. Meanwhile, the cities measured by using the maximum net benefit have larger size than those of the minimum cost. Unlike previous studies, the measurement of optimal city size in this study is performed in terms of population density rather than the total population, in order to consider the influence of land area to the optimal city size. Moreover, by using the population density, the optimal city size becomes a relative index which enables us to compare it with the related size in other regions.

scholarly journals Land-Use and Land-Cover Changes in Dong Trieu District, Vietnam, during Past Two Decades and Their Driving Forces

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 798
Author(s):  
Thi-Thu Vu ◽  
Yuan Shen
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Driving Factors ◽  
Barren Land ◽  
Lulc Changes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Land Use Policies ◽  
Level I

Land-use and land-cover (LULC) change analyses are useful in understanding the changes in our living environments and their driving factors. Modeling changes of LULC in the future, together with the driving factors derived through analyzing the trends of past LULC changes, bring the opportunity to assess and orientate the current and future land-use policies. As the entryway of Quang Ninh province, Vietnam, Dong Trieu locale has experienced significant LULC changes during the past two decades. In this study, the spatial distribution of six Level I LULC classes, forest, cropland, orchards, waterbody, built-up, and barren land, in Dong Trieu district at 2000, 2010, and 2019 were obtained from Landsat imageries by maximum likelihood technique. The most significant changes observed over the past twenty years are a decrease of barren land (9.1%) and increases of built-up (8.1%) and orchards (6.8%). Driving factor analysis indicated that the changes of cropland and built-up were dependent on distance from road (DFR), distance from main road (DFMR), distance from urban (DFU), distance from water (DFW), elevation, slope, and population density. The changes of forest were dependent on all the driving forces listed above, except DFMR. The orchards mainly appeared near the high-population-density area. The transformation of the waterbody was affected by geography (elevation and slope) and population density. The higher the population density, the less barren the land would appear.

scholarly journals Agglomeration Economies: Population, Density, and Network Effects

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. White
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Network Effects ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Agglomeration Economies ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
City Size ◽  
Optimal City Size ◽  
Benefits And Costs

This paper builds on the optimal city size literature by examining factors that influence location benefits and costs.  Total population, population density, employment type, and networking are evaluated using ordinary least squares.  Results indicate that population density may play a more significant role in predicting average location benefits and average location costs than population. 

Covid-19 Thrives in Larger Cities, Not Denser Ones

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150004
Author(s):  
Shlomo Angel ◽  
Alejandro Blei
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Metropolitan Statistical Areas ◽  
Urbanized Area ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
The City

The findings introduced in this longitudinal study of cumulative Covid-19 cases and deaths are based on reported data for 384 US Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs) for 20 weeks, starting on March 6, 2020 and ending on July 23, 2020. We look at the variation in the 7-day averages of the cumulative numbers of reported cases and deaths in each city at the end of every week as a function of its total population, its ‘urbanized area,’ and its average population density (the ratio of its population and its urbanized area). We find that during the last 10 weeks, the numbers have tended to converge: (1) a city with double the population of a smaller one can be expected to have 17 percent more cases per capita and 28 percent more deaths per capita than the smaller city; (2) a city with double the urbanized area of a smaller one can be expected to have 19 percent more cases per capita and 38 percent more deaths per capita than the smaller city; and, finally, (3) a city with double the population density of a smaller one can be expected to have 4.1 percent fewer cases per capita and 7.4 percent fewer deaths per capita than the smaller city. Larger cities have more than their share of cases and deaths in part because the larger the city, the larger the number of possible interactions among its inhabitants. And it is this larger number, rather than the overall average proximity of people to each other — expressed by the average density in the city — that accounts for that larger share. In fact, when it pertains to Covid-19 cases and deaths, denser metropolitan areas appear to be better able to contain their numbers than more spread out ones.

scholarly journals Radial analysis and scaling of urban land use

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rémi Lemoy ◽  
Geoffrey Caruso
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Functional Form ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Scaling Law ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
City Size ◽  
City Center ◽  
Artificial Surface ◽  
The City

AbstractWe determine the functional form and scaling law of radial artificial land use profiles in 300 European functional urban areas (FUAs). These profiles, starting from a fully artificial surface in the city center, decrease exponentially, the faster the smaller the city. More precisely, the characteristic decrease distance scales like the square root of total population, meaning that the artificial surface of cities is proportional to their population. This also means that the amount of artificial land per capita is independent of city size, and that larger cities are not more or less parsimonious in terms of land use than smaller ones.

Challenges Posed by Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) for South African Higher Education Institutions

10.28945/2679 ◽  
2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
ME Herselman ◽  
HR Hay
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Revolutionary Change ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Teaching Learning

Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) are the major driving forces of globalised and knowledge-based societies of a new world era. They will have a profound impact on teaching and learning for two decades to come. The revolutionary change which is taking place in Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), has dramatic effects on the way universities carry out their functions of teaching, learning and research, particularly on the creation, dissemination and application of knowledge. These developments pose unprecedented challenges to higher education institutions (HEIs) in developing countries particular in South Africa as South Africa is viewed as the leading country on the continent.

scholarly journals Internal Corporate Responsibility as a Legitimacy Strategy for Branding and Employee Retention: A Perspective of Higher Education Institutions

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Amir Ikram ◽  
Muhammad Fiaz ◽  
Asif Mahmood ◽  
Ayyaz Ahmad ◽  
Rafiya Ashfaq
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Employee Retention ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Organizational System ◽  
Internal Branding ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
The City

Branding activities provide space to create internal culture, processes and a kind of organizational system which allows employees to use their abilities to their maximum. Internal corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities of an organization increase employee commitment, which ultimately enhances employee retention. There is a need to explore internal branding in relation to internal CSR for the sake of managing employee retention. Therefore, the study empirically examines the underlying associations among internal branding, employee retention and internal CSR. The data are collected from higher education institutions operating in the city of Lahore, Pakistan. The sample size was 377 faculties belonging to both private and public sector higher education institutions. The analysis is based on variance-based structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings reveal that the internal branding practices have a significant impact on employee’s intention to stay within the organization, and intrasample analysis suggests few comprehensible variations with respect to private and public academic institutions. The research article also provides insights to faculty, academic entrepreneurs and marketers, especially those belonging to developing countries and facing issues of branding and employee retention.

scholarly journals The Tapio Decoupling Principle and Key Strategies for Changing Factors of Chinese Urban Carbon Footprint Based on Cloud Computing

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 2101
Author(s):  
Min Shang ◽  
Ji Luo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Driving Factors ◽  
City Size ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Marginal Effect ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Xi’An City

The expansion of Xi’an City has caused the consumption of energy and land resources, leading to serious environmental pollution problems. For this purpose, this study was carried out to measure the carbon carrying capacity, net carbon footprint and net carbon footprint pressure index of Xi’an City, and to characterize the carbon sequestration capacity of Xi’an ecosystem, thereby laying a foundation for developing comprehensive and reasonable low-carbon development measures. This study expects to provide a reference for China to develop a low-carbon economy through Tapio decoupling principle. The decoupling relationship between CO2 and driving factors was explored through Tapio decoupling model. The time-series data was used to calculate the carbon footprint. The auto-encoder in deep learning technology was combined with the parallel algorithm in cloud computing. A general multilayer perceptron neural network realized by a parallel BP learning algorithm was proposed based on Map-Reduce on a cloud computing cluster. A partial least squares (PLS) regression model was constructed to analyze driving factors. The results show that in terms of city size, the variable importance in projection (VIP) output of the urbanization rate has a strong inhibitory effect on carbon footprint growth, and the VIP value of permanent population ranks the last; in terms of economic development, the impact of fixed asset investment and added value of the secondary industry on carbon footprint ranks third and fourth. As a result, the marginal effect of carbon footprint is greater than that of economic growth after economic growth reaches a certain stage, revealing that the driving forces and mechanisms can promote the growth of urban space.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document