scholarly journals Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Therapy for Allergic Rhinitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Liwei Sun ◽  
Jichao Sha ◽  
Cuida Meng ◽  
Dongdong Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Application ◽  
Soluble Factors ◽  
Cell Lineages ◽  
Cell Based Therapy ◽  
Immunomodulatory Properties

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a prevalent disorder that causes a significant and often underestimated health burden for individuals and society. The current drug treatment cannot essentially deal with the regulation of the allergic reaction, while the allergic symptoms could be alleviated. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) bear a variety of properties, such as the ability to differentiate into various cell lineages, to secrete soluble factors crucial for cell survival and proliferation, to migrate to the exact site of injury, and to modulate the immune response. Clinical studies have been extensively conducted in MSCs as the models for varieties of diseases such as neurological diseases. Due to their immunomodulatory properties, the MSCs have gradually been believed to become one of the promising strategies for AR treatments although so far the MSCs-mediated treatment for AR is still at animal experiments stage. Fully understanding the roles and mechanisms of MSCs immunomodulatory effects serves as the prerequisite that will be beneficial to the application of MSCs-based AR clinical treatment methods. In this review article, we highlighted the recent research advances and give a brief perspective in the future study of the MSCs-mediated therapeutic application in AR treatments.

scholarly journals Molecular Mechanisms and Immunomodulatory Effects of Platinum Analogs on Some Genes and as Anticancer Drugs: Review Article

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
Dalia A. Shakur ◽  
Suhad F. H. Al-Mugdadi ◽  
Inam S. Arif
Keyword(s):  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Drug ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effects ◽  
Molecular Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Immunomodulatory Properties ◽  
Dna Break ◽  
Dna Purine Bases ◽  
Platinum Analogs

Platinum analogs includes cisplatin, oxaliplatin and carboplatin. Cisplatin is a chemotherapeutic drug with excellent success in the management of human malignancies. Molecular mechanism of action related to its capacity to crosslink of DNA purine bases; also, by interfere with DNA repair, leading to DNA break, and consequently lead to apoptosis in cancer cells. Cisplatin also found to have immunomodulatory properties besides its cytotoxic effect.

Mini Review; Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells into Oocytes

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaifang Wang ◽  
Maryam Farzaneh
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Human Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Human Oocyte ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Cell Lineages ◽  
Cell Based Therapy ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

Primary Ovarian Insufficiency (POI) is one of the main diseases causing female infertility that occurs in about 1% of women between 30-40 years of age. There are few effective methods for the treatment of women with POI. In the past few years, stem cell-based therapy as one of the most highly investigated new therapies has emerged as a promising strategy for the treatment of POI. Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) can self-renew indefinitely and differentiate into any type of cell. Human Embryonic Stem Cells (hESCs) as a type of pluripotent stem cells are the most powerful candidate for the treatment of POI. Human-induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (hiPSCs) are derived from adult somatic cells by the treatment with exogenous defined factors to create an embryonic-like pluripotent state. Both hiPSCs and hESCs can proliferate and give rise to ectodermal, mesodermal, endodermal, and germ cell lineages. After ovarian stimulation, the number of available oocytes is limited and the yield of total oocytes with high quality is low. Therefore, a robust and reproducible in-vitro culture system that supports the differentiation of human oocytes from PSCs is necessary. Very few studies have focused on the derivation of oocyte-like cells from hiPSCs and the details of hPSCs differentiation into oocytes have not been fully investigated. Therefore, in this review, we focus on the differentiation potential of hPSCs into human oocyte-like cells.

scholarly journals The Immunomodulatory Effects of Honey and Associated Flavonoids in Cancer

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1269
Author(s):  
Razan J. Masad ◽  
Shoja M. Haneefa ◽  
Yassir A. Mohamed ◽  
Ashraf Al-Sbiei ◽  
Ghada Bashir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effects ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Cancer Cell Growth ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
Immunomodulatory Properties

Honey has exerted a high impact in the field of alternative medicine over many centuries. In addition to its wound healing, anti-microbial and antioxidant properties, several lines of evidence have highlighted the efficiency of honey and associated bioactive constituents as anti-tumor agents against a range of cancer types. Mechanistically, honey was shown to inhibit cancer cell growth through its pro-apoptotic, anti-proliferative and anti-metastatic effects. However, the potential of honey to regulate anti-tumor immune responses is relatively unexplored. A small number of in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the ability of honey to modulate the immune system by inducing immunostimulatory as well as anti-inflammatory effects. In the present review, we summarize the findings from different studies that aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory properties of honey and its flavonoid components in relation to cancer. While these studies provide promising data, additional research is needed to further elucidate the immunomodulatory properties of honey, and to enable its utilization as an adjuvant therapy in cancer.

Stem cells in brain diseases: From cell replacement to disease modeling

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Kosi ◽  
Dinko Mitrečić
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Disease Modeling ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Brain Diseases ◽  
Stem Cell Technology ◽  
Cell Based Therapy

AbstractNeurological diseases are recognized as one of the most significant burdens of the modern society. Therefore, a new therapeutic approach applicable to nervous system represents priority of today’s medicine. A rapid development of stem cell technology in the last two decades introduced a possibility to regenerate disease-affected nervous tissue. In this vein, stem cells are envisioned as a replacement for lost neurons, a source of trophic support, a therapeutic vehicle, and as a tool for in vitro modeling. This article reviews the current concepts in stem cell-based therapy of neurological diseases and comments ongoing efforts aiming at clinical translation.

scholarly journals Immunomodulatory action of jacalin from Artocarpus integrifolia and mannoprotein from Saccharomyces uvarum on the humoral immunity of laying hens

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Aurélio Chiara Silva ◽  
Miriele Caroline da Silva ◽  
João Waine Pinheiro ◽  
Raul Jorge Hernan Castro-Goméz ◽  
Alice Eiko Murakami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Protein Interactions ◽  
Antibody Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Lectin Binding ◽  
Primary Immune Response ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effects ◽  
Saccharomyces Uvarum ◽  
Immunomodulatory Properties ◽  
Artocarpus Integrifolia

ABSTRACT: Advances in the fields of glycobiology and immunology have provided many insights into the role of carbohydrate-protein interactions in the immune system. Jacalin of Artocarpus integrifolia (JCA) and structural mannoprotein of Saccharomyces uvarum (MPS) are molecules with immunomodulatory properties. JCA is an IgA human lectin binding molecule that causes the mitogenic stimulation of immune cells, production of cytokines, chemotaxis, and activation of leukocytes. Studies on the immunomodulatory properties of JCA and MPS in mammals and fish suggest that they have an action on antibody production. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible action of JCA and MPS on the production of specific antibodies in laying hens. For this, laying hens were inoculated with an intra abdominal injection of sheep red blood cells (SRBC) with either JCA (0.075 µg, 0.75 µg, and 7.5 µg) or MPS (20 µg and 100 µg). Levels of anti-SRBC antibodies of the IgY, IgM, and IgA classes were evaluated by ELISA. Results showed that JCA and MPS have immunomodulatory effects on levels of anti-SRBC IgM, IgA, and IgY. An immunostimulatory effect of JCA was observed in primary immune response on anti-SRBC IgY, while an inhibitory effect of JCA and MPS was observed in secondary immune response on the production of IgM and IgA anti-SRBC. These results suggested that MPS and JCA have immunomodulatory effects on antibody production and could be used in future studies on humoral immune response in poultry.

scholarly journals Strategies to Improve the Quality and Freshness of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Neurological Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Da Yeon Lee ◽  
Sung Eun Lee ◽  
Do Hyeon Kwon ◽  
Saraswathy Nithiyanandam ◽  
Mi Ha Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Human Bone ◽  
Human Bone Marrow ◽  
Culture Dish ◽  
Cell Based Therapy ◽  
The Brain

Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) have been studied for their application to manage various neurological diseases, owing to their anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, paracrine, and antiapoptotic ability, as well as their homing capacity to specific regions of brain injury. Among mesenchymal stem cells, such as BM-MSCs, adipose-derived MSCs, and umbilical cord MSCs, BM-MSCs have many merits as cell therapeutic agents based on their widespread availability and relatively easy attainability and in vitro handling. For stem cell-based therapy with BM-MSCs, it is essential to perform ex vivo expansion as low numbers of MSCs are obtained in bone marrow aspirates. Depending on timing, before hBM-MSC transplantation into patients, after detaching them from the culture dish, cell viability, deformability, cell size, and membrane fluidity are decreased, whereas reactive oxygen species generation, lipid peroxidation, and cytosolic vacuoles are increased. Thus, the quality and freshness of hBM-MSCs decrease over time after detachment from the culture dish. Especially, for neurological disease cell therapy, the deformability of BM-MSCs is particularly important in the brain for the development of microvessels. As studies on the traditional characteristics of hBM-MSCs before transplantation into the brain are very limited, omics and machine learning approaches are needed to evaluate cell conditions with indepth and comprehensive analyses. Here, we provide an overview of hBM-MSCs, the application of these cells to various neurological diseases, and improvements in their quality and freshness based on integrated omics after detachment from the culture dish for successful cell therapy.

Subversion of immune cell signal transduction pathways by the secreted filarial nematode product, ES-62

Parasitology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 130 (S1) ◽  
pp. S63-S68 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. HARNETT ◽  
H. S. GOODRIDGE ◽  
M. M. HARNETT
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Filarial Nematode ◽  
Signal Transduction Pathways ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effects ◽  
Filarial Nematodes ◽  
Intracellular Signal ◽  
Cell Signal Transduction ◽  
Immunomodulatory Properties

Filarial nematodes achieve longevity within the infected host by suppressing and modulating the host immune response. To do this, the worms actively secrete products that have been demonstrated to possess immunomodulatory properties. In this article we discuss the immunomodulatory effects of the phosphorylcholine-containing filarial nematode secreted glycoprotein ES-62. In particular we describe how it modulates intracellular signal transduction pathways in a number of different cells of the immune system, in particular B-lymphocytes, T-lymphocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells.

scholarly journals Revisiting Stem Cell-Based Clinical Trials for Ischemic Stroke

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joy Q. He ◽  
Eric S. Sussman ◽  
Gary K. Steinberg
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Ischemic Brain ◽  
Cell Lineages ◽  
Ischemic Brain Tissue

Stroke is the leading cause of serious long-term disability, significantly reducing mobility in almost half of the affected patients aged 65 years and older. There are currently no proven neurorestorative treatments for chronic stroke. To address the complex problem of restoring function in ischemic brain tissue, stem cell transplantation-based therapies have emerged as potential restorative therapies. Aligning with the major cell types found within the ischemic brain, stem-cell-based clinical trials for ischemic stroke have fallen under three broad cell lineages: hematopoietic, mesenchymal, and neural. In this review article, we will discuss the scientific rationale for transplanting cells from each of these lineages and provide an overview of published and ongoing trials using this framework.

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