scholarly journals Resveratrol Supplementation Prevents Hypertension in Hypertensive Pregnant Rats by Increasing Sodium Excretion and Serum Nitric Oxide Level

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaowen Jia ◽  
Rong Zhang ◽  
Jinzhu Guo ◽  
Hua Yue ◽  
Qiuxia Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Noninvasive Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Lowering Effect ◽  
Pregnant Rat ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Nitric Oxide Level

Background. Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in pregnancy worldwide. This study was designed to study the blood pressure-lowering effect of resveratrol (RES) in a salt-induced hypertensive pregnant rat model. Methods. Forty female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomized into 4 groups: Normal Preg (0.9% salt diet), Normal Preg + RES (0.9% salt diet plus daily oral RES for 4 weeks), Salt Preg (8% salt diet), and Salt Preg + RES (8% salt diet plus daily oral RES for 4 weeks). Noninvasive blood pressure was recorded on gestational days 7 and 14. On the gestational day 19, foetuses were weighed, and blood and urine samples were harvested for electrolytes and biochemical assays. Results. RES significantly reduced SBP, DBP, and MAP on gestational days 7 and 14 in the Salt Preg + RES group compared to the Salt Preg group (all P<0.05). Compared to the Salt Preg group, the foetal weight, serum NO level, urinary sodium, and 24 hour urine volume were significantly increased in the Salt Preg + RES group (all P<0.05). On the contrary, the levels of serum urea, serum creatinine, and urinary protein were significantly decreased in the Salt Preg + RES group compared to the Salt Preg group (all P<0.05). Conclusions. RES decreases blood pressure in a hypertensive pregnant rat model. Increasing sodium excretion and serum nitric oxide level might be, at least part of, the underlying mechanisms.

Blood pressure-lowering effect of dietary (−)-epicatechin administration in L-NAME-treated rats is associated with restored nitric oxide levels

2012 ◽  
Vol 53 (10) ◽  
pp. 1894-1902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria C. Litterio ◽  
Grayson Jaggers ◽  
Gulcin Sagdicoglu Celep ◽  
Ana M. Adamo ◽  
Maria A. Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Lowering ◽  
Blood Pressure Lowering Effect ◽  
Lowering Effect ◽  
Pressure Lowering

scholarly journals Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. Prevents Hypertension and Protects the Heart in Chronic Nitric Oxide Deficiency Rat Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Khairulanwar Bunaim ◽  
Yusof Kamisah ◽  
Mohd Noor Mohd Mustazil ◽  
Japar Sidik Fadhlullah Zuhair ◽  
Abdul Hamid Juliana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Brain Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Cardiac Damage ◽  
Ace Activity

Background: Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is the number one cause of global mortality. The potential use of natural products to alleviate high blood pressure has been demonstrated to exert a cardioprotective effect. Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. belongs to the plant family Apiaceae (Umbelliferae). It contains a high amount of triterpenoid and flavonoid that have antioxidant properties and are involved in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system which is an important hormonal system for blood pressure regulation.Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of C. asiatica ethanolic extract on blood pressure and heart in a hypertensive rat model, which was induced using oral N(G)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME).Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups and were given different treatments for 8 weeks. Group 1 only received deionized water. Groups 2, 4, and 5 were given l-NAME (40 mg/kg, orally). Groups 4 and 5 concurrently received C. asiatica extract (500 mg/kg, orally) and captopril (5 mg/kg, orally), respectively. Group 3 only received C. asiatica extract (500 mg/kg body weight, orally). Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured at weeks 0, 4, and 8, while serum nitric oxide (NO) was measured at weeks 0 and 8. At necropsy, cardiac and aortic malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, cardiac angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity, and serum level of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were measured.Results: After 8 weeks, the administrations of C. asiatica extract and captopril showed significant (p &lt; 0.05) effects on preventing the elevation of SBP, reducing the serum nitric oxide level, as well as increasing the cardiac and aortic MDA content, cardiac ACE activity, and serum brain natriuretic peptide level.Conclusion:C. asiatica extract can prevent the development of hypertension and cardiac damage induced by l-NAME, and these effects were comparable to captopril.

scholarly journals Fetal programming effects of pentaerythritol tetranitrate in a rat model of superimposed preeclampsia

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (9) ◽  
pp. 1287-1299
Author(s):  
Andy W. C. Man ◽  
Min Chen ◽  
Yawen Zhou ◽  
Zhixiong Wu ◽  
Gisela Reifenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Blood Pressure Elevation ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Normal Chow

Abstract Preeclampsia is a common medical condition during pregnancy and a major cause of maternal and prenatal mortality. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of maternal treatment with pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) in Dahl salt-sensitive rats (DSSR), a model of superimposed preeclampsia. F0 parental DSSR were treated with PETN (50 mg/kg) from the time point of mating to the end of lactation. Maternal PETN treatment improved fetal growth and had no effect on blood pressure in DSSR offspring fed with normal chow or high-salt diet. Upon high-fat diet (HFD) feeding, offspring from PETN-treated mother showed improved glucose tolerance despite similar weight gain. Unexpectedly, maternal PETN treatment significantly potentiated the HFD-induced blood pressure elevation in male DSSR offspring. Endothelium-derived hyperpolarization factor (EDHF)-mediated vasodilation was similar between NCD-fed and HFD-fed control offspring but was markedly reduced in HFD-fed PETN offspring. EDHF genes were downregulated in the vasculature of HFD-fed PETN offspring, which was associated with epigenetic changes in histone modifications. In conclusion, maternal PETN treatment in DSSR shows both beneficial and unfavorable effects. It improves fetal growth and ameliorates glucose tolerance in the offspring. Although maternal PETN treatment has no effect on blood pressure in offspring fed with normal chow or high-salt diet, the offspring is at higher risk to develop HFD-induced hypertension. PETN may potentiate the blood pressure response to HFD by epigenetic modifications of EDHF genes. Key messages The core findings of this article suggest that maternal PETN treatment of DSSR, a rat model of a spontaneous superimposed preeclampsia, leads to • Improvement of fetal growth; • No changes of maternal blood pressure or markers of preeclampsia; • Amelioration of HFD-induced glucose intolerance in adult offspring; • No changes in blood pressure development of the offspring on normal chow or high salt-diet; • Potentiation of blood pressure elevation of the offspring on HFD.

Effects of the Fab fragment of digoxin antibody on the natriuresis and increase in blood pressure induced by intracerebroventricular infusion of hypertonic saline solution in rats

1992 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 625-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaoru YAMADA ◽  
Atsuo GOTO ◽  
Chen HUI ◽  
Noriko YAGI ◽  
Tsuneaki SUGIMOTO
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Urinary Sodium Excretion ◽  
Urinary Sodium ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Fab Fragment ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Intracerebroventricular Infusion

1. The effects of intravenous injection of Fab fragments of anti-digoxin IgG (Digibind) on the changes in blood pressure, urine volume and urinary sodium excretion after intracerebroventricular infusion of artificial cerebrospinal fluid with normal or high sodium concentration were examined in anaesthetized rats. 2. The biological efficacy of Digibind was confirmed by experiments in vitro and in vivo, which showed that pre-treatment with Digibind completely abolished or significantly attenuated the aortic contractile response or pressor response to digoxin in guinea-pigs. 3. Infusion of high-sodium cerebrospinal fluid, but not normal-sodium cerebrospinal fluid, into the lateral brain ventricle of rats caused marked increases in blood pressure, urine volume and urinary sodium excretion. 4. Digibind did not significantly affect the increases in blood pressure, urine volume and urinary sodium excretion caused by intracerebroventricular infusion of high-sodium cerebrospinal fluid. 5. Digoxin-like immunoreactive factor may play a minor role, if any, in central nervous system-induced natriuresis in rats.

Effect of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibition on macro- and microcirculation in a model of rat endotoxic shock

2006 ◽  
Vol 95 (04) ◽  
pp. 720-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soni Pullamsetti ◽  
Daniel Maring ◽  
Hossein Ghofrani ◽  
Konstantin Mayer ◽  
Norbert Weissmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Septic Shock ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Endotoxic Shock ◽  
Nos Inhibitors ◽  
Mucosal Layer ◽  
Lactate Acidosis ◽  
Oxide Synthase

SummaryTreatment of hemodynamic instability in septic shock often demands the administration of vasopressor agents, although these may have deleterious effects on microcirculatory homeostasis. Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) has been suggested as an alternative therapeutic approach, as NO formation may be excessively increased in sepsis. To compare the effects of epinephrine titration, non-selective NOS inhibition by L-NMMA and selective inhibition of inducible NOS (iNOS) by 1400W on hemodynamics and on the regulation of microcirculation in a rat model of endotoxic shock, we intravenously injected endotoxin (LPS) or saline to male Wist ar rats and after 2 hours randomized LPS treated rats into four different groups that received either saline, norepinephrine, L-NMMA or 1400W (n=6 per group). Three hours after LPS administration, rats presented with severe systemic arterial hypotension (64 ± 3 vs. 115 ± 4 mmHg, p<0.001), unresponsiveness to volume treatment, lactate acidosis and a marked increase in plasmatic nitrite and nitrate levels (15 ±8 vs. 263 ± 47 µM, p<0.001). Measurement of the tissue oxygenation in the ileum mucosal layer by the Erlangen micro-lightguide spectrophotometer (EMPHO) technique demonstrated marked heterogeneity of hemoglobin saturation, with appearance of low oxygenated areas. Norepinephrine, usually stabilizing blood pressure (99 ±7 vs. 67 ±4 mmHg 60 min after infusion, p<0.01), increased lactate formation (7.9± 0.2 vs. 3.7 ± 0.5 mM, p<0.001) and drastically increased low oxygenated regions in the ileum mucosal layer. L-NMMA similarly increased blood pressure (92 ±6 vs. 67 ±4 mmHg 60 min after infusion, p<0.05), but did not enhance lactate acidosis. However, some further deterioration of mucosa oxygenation was again noted. 1400W forwarded stabilization of blood pressure (88 ± 5 vs. 67 ±4 mmHg 60 min after injection, p<0.05), reduced plasmatic nitrite and nitrate levels similar to L-NMMA, without an aggravation of lactate acidosis. In addition, mucosal oxygenation did not deteriorate in response to this agent. Thereby, we conclude that in a rat model of endotoxic shock selective iNOS inhibitors are superior to non-specific NOS inhibitors and in particular to norepinephrine for the treatment of macro-and microcirculatory abnormalities in experimental septic shock.

ANP-mediated volume depletion attenuates renal responses in humans

1992 ◽  
Vol 263 (6) ◽  
pp. R1303-R1308 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Ebert ◽  
L. Groban ◽  
M. Muzi ◽  
M. Hanson ◽  
A. W. Cowley
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Central Venous Pressure ◽  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Venous Pressure ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Plasma Norepinephrine ◽  
Central Venous

Brief low-dose infusions of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) that emulate physiological plasma concentrations in humans have little if any effect on renal excretory function. This study explored the possibility that ANP-mediated reductions in cardiac filling pressures (through ANP's rapid effect on capillary dynamics) could attenuate its purported renal effects. Protocol A consisted of 16 healthy subjects (ages 19-27 yr old) who underwent three consecutive 45-min experimental sequences: 1) placebo, 2) ANP (10 ng.kg-1 x min-1), and 3) ANP alone (n = 8) or ANP with simultaneous lower body positive pressure (LBPP, n = 8). Electrocardiogram and direct measures of arterial and central venous pressures were continuously monitored. Blood was sampled at the end of each 45-min sequence before subjects stood to void. Compared with control (placebo), ANP produced a hemoconcentration and increased plasma norepinephrine, but did not change heart rate, blood pressure, plasma levels of renin, aldosterone, or vasopressin, or renal excretion of volume or sodium. In subjects receiving LBPP to maintain central venous pressure during the last 45 min of ANP infusion, norepinephrine did not increase and urine volume and sodium excretion increased (P < 0.05). In a second study (protocol B), five healthy subjects received a placebo infusion for 45 min followed by two consecutive 45-min infusions of ANP (10 ng.kg-1 x min-1). Central venous pressure was maintained (LBPP) at placebo baseline throughout the two ANP infusion periods. Urine volume and sodium excretion rates increased progressively and significantly during both ANP infusion periods (P < 0.05) without significant changes in creatinine clearance, blood pressure, or heart rate.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals BLOOD PRESSURE LOWERING EFFECT OF POLYHERBAL PREPARATION CONTAINING ALLIUM SATIVUM, BELERICAE FRUCTUS, CURCUMA AERUGINOSA, AND AMOMI FRUCTUS ON RAT MODEL OF HYPERTENSION

2019 ◽  
pp. 311-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
DWI ARIS AGUNG NUGRAHANINGSIH ◽  
SHOLIKHAH EN ◽  
MUSTOFA M ◽  
YULIANI FS ◽  
PURWONO S ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Pressure Lowering ◽  
Blood Pressure Lowering Effect ◽  
Lowering Effect ◽  
Treatment Dose ◽  
Pressure Lowering

Objective: The study aimed to investigate the blood pressure lowering effect of the polyherbal preparation contains Allium sativum, Belericae fructus, Curcuma aeruginosa, and Amomi fructus in the animal model of hypertension. Methods: Deoxycorticosterone acetate uninephrectomy salt rat model was used to develop hypertension model. Hypertensive rats were divided into five groups that were no treatment (negative control group [NEG]), hydrochlorothiazide treatment, polyherbal preparation 63 mg/kg treatment (DOSE 1), polyherbal preparation 126 mg/kg treatment (DOSE 2), and polyherbal preparation 252 mg/kg treatment (DOSE 3). The treatment was started after hypertension developed and given for 3 weeks. Results: The result showed that the mean of systolic blood pressure in DOSE 2 group was significantly lower compared with those on NEG group (145.86 mmHg vs. 174.71 mmHg, p<0.05). Conclusion: Our study provides evidence to support the use of the polyherbal preparation containing A. sativum, B. fructus, C. aeruginosa, and A. fructus for lowering blood pressure.

Abstract 308: Nephron Specific Deletion Of Angiotensinogen Modulates Blood Pressure

Hypertension ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nirupama Ramkumar ◽  
Deborah Stuart ◽  
Matias Calquin ◽  
Shuping Wang ◽  
Fumio Niimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Proximal Tubule ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Urine Osmolality ◽  
Metabolic Balance ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Plasma Renin Concentration ◽  
Specific Deletion

It is unknown if intrarenal generation of angiotensinogen (AGT) is important in blood pressure (BP) regulation. Previous studies showed that proximal tubule-specific overexpression of AGT increases BP, while proximal tubule-specific deletion of AGT using the KAP promoter-Cre transgene did not alter BP. The latter study may not have completely eliminated nephron AGT production; in addition, BP was only assessed on a normal salt diet. To evaluate this issue in greater detail, we developed mice with inducible nephron-wide AGT deletion. Mice were generated which were hemizygous for the Pax8-rtTA and LC-1 transgenes and homozygous for loxP flanked AGT alleles to achieve nephron-specific AGT disruption after doxycycline induction. Adult Pax8-rtTA/LC-1/floxed AGT mice at 3 months of age were treated with doxycycline 2 mg/ml in drinking water for 11 days and studied 4 weeks after treatment. Blood pressure (recorded via telemetry) and metabolic balance studies were determined during 5 days of normal, high and low Na diets. Compared to controls, AGT knockout (KO) mice demonstrated significantly lower systolic, diastolic, and mean BPs on all three diets (N=4 each group). The BP reduction was most evident on a low Na diet (mean BP 107 ± 2 mmHg in controls and 88 ± 13 mmHg in AGT KO). Plasma renin concentration was higher in the AGT KO mice as compared to controls on all three diets. There were no detectable differences in weight, urine volume, urine osmolality or urine Na excretion between the controls and KO mice on all three diets, however due to variability, small differences in these parameters may not have been detected. Taken together, these data suggest that nephron AGT may contribute to BP regulation and this is most evident during low Na intake.

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