Clinical Characteristics and Visual Outcomes of Patients Hospitalized for Ocular Trauma in Shandong Province, China

Purpose. To analyze the clinical characteristics and visual prognoses of patients with ocular trauma treated in Shandong Eye Hospital. Methods. The inpatient data of patients with eye injuries hospitalized in our institution from January 2014 to December 2018 were retrospectively reviewed, including demographic information, types of trauma, causes of injury, treatment, and initial and final visual acuities. Results. A total of 1,425 patients (1,622 eyes), aged 39.5 ± 18.5 years, were included. The ratio of male to female was 5.3 : 1. Of the mechanical eye injuries, there were 490 (34.4%) open-globe injuries and 454 (31.9%) closed-globe injuries. Nonmechanical eye injuries had 426 patients (29.9%), while 55 patients (3.9%) had adnexal injuries. Over a half of the traumas were work-related (51.1%, 728 patients). Most patients were treated with surgical intervention (1,404 eyes, 87.9%). There were significant differences in the final visual acuities between open-globe injuries and closed-globe injuries (P<0.001), as well as between mechanical injuries and nonmechanical injuries (P<0.001). The final visual acuity was closely correlated with the initial visual acuity (Spearman’s correlation coefficient = 0.618, P<0.001) and the OTS score (Spearman’s correlation coefficient = 0.691, P<0.001). Conclusion. Ocular trauma usually occurs in young and middle-aged men and in the workplace in Shandong Province. The proportion of nonmechanical injuries is high, and the prognosis is poor. A comprehensive understanding of the characteristics of ocular trauma is useful for blindness prevention and treatment.

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Work-Related Open-Globe Injuries: Demographics and Clinical Characteristics

European Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.5301/ejo.5000209 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 242-248 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Alain M. Bauza ◽

Parisa Emami ◽

Jung H. Son ◽

Paul Langer ◽

Marco Zarbin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Characteristics ◽

Work Related ◽

Open Globe ◽

Open Globe Injuries

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Open globe injuries in geriatric population in Iran: characteristics and outcomes

International Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.18240/ijo.2021.08.16 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (8) ◽

pp. 1237-1240

Author(s):

Maryam Zamani ◽

◽

Akbar Fotouhi ◽

Morteza Naderan ◽

Mohammad Soleimani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Ocular Trauma ◽

Final Visual Acuity ◽

Open Globe Injury ◽

Geriatric Population ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Globe Rupture ◽

Open Globe ◽

Open Globe Injuries

AIM: To investigate the patterns and outcomes of open globe injuries in the elderly population in Iran. METHODS: In this retrospective cross-sectional chart review, medical records of 248 patients (aged 60y and more) with the diagnosis of open globe injury from 2006 to 2016 were reviewed. Demographic features, type, and mechanism of open globe injury, ocular trauma score (OTS), visual acuity before and after treatment, the zone of injuries, and the associated injuries found at the presentation or thereafter were documented. RESULTS: A total of 248 eyes of 248 patients were included. The mean age was 69.2±5.8y (range: 60-90y). Male/ female ratio was about 3:1 (187 vs 61). The three most common causes of injury were falling (25.2%), sharp objects (18.9%), and tree branches (13.9%). Penetrating injury accounted for most of the geriatric ocular trauma (50.4%), followed by globe rupture (40.3%), intraocular foreign body (IOFB; 7.3%), and perforating injury (2.0%). The median raw OTS for the population was 60.5 and the most common OTS class was 3. The injuries tend to affect zone I more than zone II and zone III. The only predictor of final visual acuity was the class of OTS (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: Geriatric open globe injury should be valued specifically. The most common type of open globe injury in Iran is penetrating injuries but falling remain the main cause. The OTS class must be considered as an important predictor of final visual acuity.

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Factors Affecting Final Functional Outcomes in Open-Globe Injuries and Use of Ocular Trauma Score in Nepalese population

10.21203/rs.3.rs-86664/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Saurav Man Shrestha ◽

Casey Leigh Anthony ◽

Justin A. Grant ◽

Madhu Thapa ◽

Jyoti Baba Shrestha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Ocular Trauma ◽

Final Visual Acuity ◽

Delayed Presentation ◽

Ocular Trauma Score ◽

Visual Outcomes ◽

Open Globe ◽

The Mean ◽

Trauma Score ◽

Open Globe Injuries

Abstract Background: Open globe injury (OGI) is one of the most devastating form of ocular trauma. The aim of the study is to identify the epidemiology and predict visual outcomes in traumatic open globe injuries using ocular trauma score (OTS) and correlate with final visual acuity (VA) at 3 months. Methods: Patients older than 5 years, presenting to B.P. Koirala Lions Centre for Ophthalmic Studies (BPKLCOS) from March 2016- March 2017 with OGI that met inclusion criteria were evaluated. Patient profile, nature and cause of injury, and time to presentation were recorded. Patients were managed accordingly and followed up to 3 months. An OTS score for each patient was calculated and raw scores were categorized accordingly. The VA after 3 months were compared to the predicted OTS values. Results: Seventy-three eyes of 72 patients were examined. 76% were male, and the mean age was 26.17 years (median, 23.5 years). The mean time from injury to presentation was <6 hours (30 patients, 41%). Thirty-seven eyes (51%) had zone I trauma, followed by twenty eyes (27%) with zone II, and sixteen eyes (22%) with zone III trauma. Sixty-five patients (90%) were managed surgically, and fifty (68%) received intravitreal antibiotics with steroid. When compared, the projected VA as per OTS were able to predict actual final visual outcomes in 60% of the eyes with OGI of various zones (p<0.05). Conclusion: OTS can be an accurate predictive tool for final visual acuity even with a short follow up period of 3 months; with poor presenting visual acuity, delayed presentation, posterior zones of injury, need for intravitreal injections, endophthalmitis, and globe rupture associated with poorer prognosis.

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Work Related Open Globe Injury

University of Western Ontario Medical Journal ◽

10.5206/uwomj.v87is1.5805 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Lakshmi Kamala

Keyword(s):

Ocular Trauma ◽

Case Reports ◽

Workplace Safety ◽

Protective Equipment ◽

Open Globe Injury ◽

Work Related ◽

Open Globe ◽

Safety Guidelines ◽

Open Globe Injuries

Traumatic open globe injuries are a leading cause of blindness/visual impairment in the world. A significant number of reported open globe injuries occur at the workplace and have been historically associated with non-compliance with workplace safety guidelines and not wearing eye related personal protective equipment (PPE). In this case report, we describe a 27-year-old man’s workplace related open globe injury despite wearing PPE. We explore the prognostic factors in determining final visual acuity and do a literature review of case reports with good outcomes despite poor initial prognostication in severe open globe injuries. The option of enucleation and its common indications are discussed. We also examine the factors determining patient satisfaction with ocular prosthesis along with an assessment of the role of PPEs in workplace related ocular trauma.

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Epidemiology of ocular trauma hospital presentations in Sydney, Australia: insights for management and prevention

Asian Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.35119/asjoo.v13i4.170 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 151-161

Author(s):

Georgina C Clark ◽

Trent M Sandercoe ◽

Somsak Lertsumitkul ◽

Magdalena Guzowski ◽

Peter J McCluskey

Keyword(s):

Ocular Trauma ◽

Care Delivery ◽

Care Center ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Case Series ◽

Tertiary Care Center ◽

Work Related ◽

Visual Deficit ◽

Open Globe ◽

Open Globe Injuries

Aim: To facilitate care delivery and injury prevention by investigating the nature and outcomes of ocular trauma presentations to a tertiary care center serving an estimated 1.3 million people. Patients and methods: This is an observational case series, retrospectively analyzed, of all patients that presented to the tertiary care center for management of ocular trauma between 01/01/2006-31/12/2006. Data collected included: patient’s clinical findings, major diagnoses, initial and final visual acuity, whether the injury was work related, whether protective eyewear was worn, and whether the patient required surgery or admission to hospital. A final BCVA < 6/12 was defined as significant visual deficit. Eligible patients were identified prospectively by researchers. Patients underwent standardized clinical assessment. De-identified clinical data was entered into a Microsoft Access database retrospectively and analyzed by separate, blinded researchers. Descriptive statistical analysis was then performed in Microsoft Excel. Analysis based on an ordinal regression model and risk factor analysis was performed in SAS.Results: There were 214 cases of ocular trauma in 197 individuals (17 bilateral injuries). Patients were mostly male (83%) with average age 35. The majority of cases were closed globe injuries (92.1%) with no significant final visual deficit (88.3%). Open globe injuries (7.9%) were more likely to have visual deficit (i.e., 47% with final BCVA < 6/12) (p < 0.01). In total, 13.1% required surgery and 12.1% required admission to hospital. Eye protection was worn in 7.9% of all cases, and 19.1% of work related cases. Nearly one quarter of cases (22.4%) were work related. Open globe injuries were more likely to occur at work. Open globe injuries at work were caused by a metal projectile in 85.7% of cases. Thirty percent of workers suffered a burn, with final BCVA < 6/12 in 10% of burns.Conclusions: While the vast majority of ocular trauma is superficial with low morbidity, trauma persists as a significant cause of visual impairment. Most vision impairing injuries occur at work, where metal projectiles and burns are common, preventable causes of significant vision loss, which could be targeted in prevention efforts.

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Factors affecting final functional outcomes in open‐globe injuries and use of ocular trauma score as a predictive tool in Nepalese population

BMC Ophthalmology ◽

10.1186/s12886-021-01819-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Saurav M. Shrestha ◽

Casey L. Anthony ◽

Grant A. Justin ◽

Madhu Thapa ◽

Jyoti B. Shrestha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Ocular Trauma ◽

Final Visual Acuity ◽

Predictive Tool ◽

Ocular Trauma Score ◽

Visual Outcomes ◽

Open Globe ◽

The Mean ◽

Trauma Score ◽

Open Globe Injuries

Abstract Background Open globe injury (OGI) is one of the most devastating form of ocular trauma. The aim of the study is to identify the epidemiology and predict visual outcomes in traumatic open globe injuries using ocular trauma score (OTS) and correlate with final visual acuity (VA) at 3 months. Methods Patients older than 5 years, presenting to B.P. Koirala Lions Centre for Ophthalmic Studies (BPKLCOS) from March 2016- March 2017 with OGI that met inclusion criteria were evaluated. Patient profile, nature and cause of injury, and time to presentation were recorded. Patients were managed accordingly and followed up to 3 months. An OTS score for each patient was calculated and raw scores were categorized accordingly. The VA after 3 months were compared to the predicted OTS values. Results Seventy-three eyes of 72 patients were examined. 76 % were male, and the mean age was 26.17 years (median, 23.5 years). The mean time from injury to presentation was < 6 hours (30 patients, 41 %). Thirty-seven eyes (51 %) had zone I trauma, followed by twenty eyes (27 %) with zone II, and sixteen eyes (22 %) with zone III trauma. Sixty-five patients (90 %) were managed surgically, and fifty (68 %) received intravitreal antibiotics with steroid. When compared, the projected VA as per OTS were able to predict actual final visual outcomes in 60 % of the eyes with OGI of various zones. Conclusions OTS can be an accurate predictive tool for final visual acuity even with a short follow up period of 3 months; with poor presenting visual acuity, delayed presentation, posterior zones of injury, need for intravitreal injections, endophthalmitis, and globe rupture associated with poorer prognosis.

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Frequency and Characteristics of Ocular Trauma in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Lodhran

Pakistan Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.36351/pjo.v34i2.953 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Muhammad Luqman Ali Bahoo Ahmad Zeeshan Jamil Beenish Karamat

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Ocular Trauma ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Eye Injuries ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Home Setting ◽

Open Globe

Purpose: To find the frequency and characteristics of ocular trauma in a tertiary care hospital in Lodhran. Study design: Cross sectional study. Sampling Technique: Convenient non-probability sampling. Place and duration of study: This study was conducted at Shahida Islam Teaching Hospital affiliated with Shahida Islam Medical College, Lodhran from December 2016 to September 2018. Material and Methods: Detailed history and ocular examination were performed with regard to age, gender, classification of ocular trauma, aetiology of trauma, place where trauma occurred, note of ocular damage, nature of object, activity at the time of injury, presenting visual acuity and time lapse before presentation to hospital after trauma were recorded. Results: There were 393 patients included in this study. Mean age of patients was 28.97 ± 12.59 years. There were 198 (50.4%) closed globe and 195 (49.6%) open globe injuries. In 53 (13.5%) cases injury was caused by metal object. In 132 (33.6%) cases injury was classified as contusion. In 146 (37.2%) cases cornea was involved. There were 95 (24.2%) cases that occurred in home. In 156 (39.7%) cases presenting visual acuity was less than 6/60. There were 272 (69.2%) males and 121 (30.8%) females. There were 342 (87.0%) patients who presented within 1 day after trauma. In 122 (31.0%) cases there was prolapse of ocular contents. Conclusion: Ocular trauma occurred more commonly in males. It was blunt and occurred in home setting in most of the times. Most of the eye injuries aetiological agent was metal and wood. Key Words: Blindness. Contusion. Corneal injuries. Ocular trauma.

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Clinical presentation and visual outcome of broomstick ocular injury in 120 eyes of children at a tertiary eye care in India

10.21203/rs.3.rs-27005/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Abhishek Gupta ◽

Prabhakar Singh ◽

Richa Gupta ◽

Vidya Bhushan ◽

Shivani Sinha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ocular Trauma ◽

Hand Movement ◽

Visual Outcome ◽

Ocular Injury ◽

Eye Injuries ◽

Early Presentation ◽

Open Globe ◽

Regional Institute ◽

Open Globe Injuries

Abstract Background Eye injuries are a serious health problem globally. Ocular trauma accounts for 5% of blindness cases. In India broomstick injury is very common. But only few studies are published regarding the nature and outcome of broomstick ocular injuries. The aim of this study is to determine the frequency, mode of presentation, complications and surgical results with a view to offering solutions to reduce this trend. Methods This retrospective study was conducted at Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, Patna. The records of all patients presenting to the Eye OPD and Emergency clinic with ocular trauma from broomstick injury between March2017 and April 2020 were reviewed. A total of 120 cases were identified. Patient’s age, gender, interval between injury and presentation to eye OPD, mechanism of injury, activity at time of injury, visual acuity at presentation, anterior and posterior segment findings, diagnosis, complications, treatments offered and follow-up events were documented. Data were analysed statistically. Results The mean age of presentation was 8.10 ± 4.93 years. All were children < 15 years old. 80% patients sustained trauma from broomstick shot as an arrow. 70% had presenting vision < Hand movement. 90% of the cases were open globe injuries. Most of them had multiple complications such as corneal perforation (80%), traumatic cataract (27%), endophthalmitis (68%), retinal detachment (12.5%), panophthalmitis 8 (7%) and orbital cellulitis (6%). Culture was positive in 20%. Pseudomonas aeuroginosa was the most common organism isolated. Therapeutic vitrectomy was performed in 67% eyes. Only 12% eyes gained ambulatory vision (VA > 3/60) after vitrectomy. Conclusion Broomstick shot as an arrow causes devastating and multiple complications resulting in rapid and immediate loss of vision. Overall prognosis is bad and early presentation to the hospital does not appear to improve the prognosis. Such injuries often affect younger, male children. Primary prevention is the only way to control blindness occurring from such injuries. Primary health education should be given in school to highlight these risk factors.

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Clinical characteristics and visual outcomes of work-related open globe injuries in Japanese patients

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-57568-9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Shohei Morikawa ◽

◽

Fumiki Okamoto ◽

Yoshifumi Okamoto ◽

Yoshinori Mitamura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Characteristics ◽

Japanese Patients ◽

Visual Outcomes ◽

Work Related ◽

Open Globe ◽

Open Globe Injuries

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Open Globe Injuries: Classifications and Prognostic Factors for Functional Outcome

10.21203/rs.3.rs-79471/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Lukas Reznicek ◽

Christian S. Mayer ◽

Ramin Khoramnia ◽

Jakob Siedlecki ◽

Benedikt Schworm

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Functional Outcome ◽

Ocular Trauma ◽

Visual Outcome ◽

Posterior Segment ◽

Tertiary Referral Center ◽

Open Globe ◽

Department Of Ophthalmology ◽

Trauma Score ◽

Open Globe Injuries

Abstract BACKGROUND: Epidemiology and evaluation of posterior segment involvement as a prognostic factor for functional outcome of patients with open globe injuries in a university eye clinic as a tertiary referral center in Southern Germany. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 151 consecutive patients with open globe injuries who were referred to the department of Ophthalmology of the Technical University of Munich in Germany from 2004 to 2011 was conducted. Visual acuity, epidemiologic data, classification of the injuries including the ocular trauma score (OTS), performed surgeries, post-operative visual acuity and intraocular pressure (IOP) as well as correlation analyses between OTS and post-operative visual acuity were obtained. RESULTS: On total, 147 eyes were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 42.9±22.2 years, 78.2% were male, 36.7% of injuries occurred in the workplace. Thirty-eight patients (25.9%) had intraocular foreign bodies (IOFB): 84.2% were metal objects, 5.3% organic material and 10.5% glass. On total, 51.7% of the open globe injuries were located in zone I (cornea, cornealscleral limbus), 15.0% in zone II (up to 5 mm posterior the sclerocorneal limbus) and 32.0% in zone III (posterior of zone 2). Affected structures were eyelids (17.7%), cornea (74.8%), iris (63.9%), lens (56.5%), sclera (48.3%), retina (47.6%) and optic nerve (19.7%). Mean preoperative BCVA was 1.304±0.794 logMAR and 1.289±0.729 logMAR after surgery (p=0.780). Patients with involvement of their posterior segment had significantly worse postoperative BCVA scores than patients without (1.523±0.654 logMAR vs. 0.944±0.708 logMAR, p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Predictive factors for good visual outcome of open globe injuries are good initial visual acuity and ocular trauma affecting only zone I and II.

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