scholarly journals Frequency and Characteristics of Ocular Trauma in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Lodhran

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Luqman Ali Bahoo Ahmad Zeeshan Jamil Beenish Karamat
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Ocular Trauma ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Eye Injuries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Home Setting ◽  
Open Globe

Purpose: To find the frequency and characteristics of ocular trauma in a tertiary care hospital in Lodhran. Study design: Cross sectional study. Sampling Technique: Convenient non-probability sampling. Place and duration of study: This study was conducted at Shahida Islam Teaching Hospital affiliated with Shahida Islam Medical College, Lodhran from December 2016 to September 2018. Material and Methods: Detailed history and ocular examination were performed with regard to age, gender, classification of ocular trauma, aetiology of trauma, place where trauma occurred, note of ocular damage, nature of object, activity at the time of injury, presenting visual acuity and time lapse before presentation to hospital after trauma were recorded. Results: There were 393 patients included in this study. Mean age of patients was 28.97 ± 12.59 years. There were 198 (50.4%) closed globe and 195 (49.6%) open globe injuries. In 53 (13.5%) cases injury was caused by metal object. In 132 (33.6%) cases injury was classified as contusion. In 146 (37.2%) cases cornea was involved. There were 95 (24.2%) cases that occurred in home. In 156 (39.7%) cases presenting visual acuity was less than 6/60. There were 272 (69.2%) males and 121 (30.8%) females. There were 342 (87.0%) patients who presented within 1 day after trauma. In 122 (31.0%) cases there was prolapse of ocular contents. Conclusion: Ocular trauma occurred more commonly in males. It was blunt and occurred in home setting in most of the times. Most of the eye injuries aetiological agent was metal and wood. Key Words: Blindness. Contusion. Corneal injuries. Ocular trauma.

scholarly journals Visual Outcome of Ocular Trauma Presenting in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Sahiwal

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Zeeshan Jamil ◽  
Muhammad Luqman Ali Bahoo
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Ocular Trauma ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Visual Outcome ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Open Globe ◽  
Patient Reported

Purpose: To find the visual outcome of ocular trauma presenting in a tertiary care hospital in Sahiwal. Study Design: Descriptive observational study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at District Headquarter Teaching Hospital affiliated with Sahiwal Medical College, Sahiwal from January 2016 to June 2019. Material and Methods:  Four hundred and thirty five patients were included in the study by convenient sampling technique. Patient’s age, gender, occupation, activity at the time of injury, nature of object causing trauma, duration of trauma, visual acuity at the time when patient reported to hospital, the time delay before coming to the hospital were recorded. Ocular injuries were classified according to Birmingham ocular trauma terminology. Detailed ocular examination was performed. Patients were managed and post-management visual acuity at three months was recorded. Results: Mean age of patients was 29.07 ± 12.53 years. There were 219 (50.3%) closed globe and 216 (49.7%) open globe injuries. In 59 (13.6%) cases, cause of injury was metal object. In 146 (33.6%) cases injury was classified as contusion. In 164 (37.7%) cases cornea was involved. Majority of the patients were male. Eighty-seven patients presented within 1 day after trauma. In 154 (35.4%) patients, visual acuity at the time of presentation was 6/12 or better while in 171 (39.3%) cases it was less than 6/60. Chi-square test was used to calculate the difference between pre and post-management visual acuity. This difference was statistically significant with p-value less than 0.05 Conclusion:  Ocular trauma cases, if properly and timely managed, have a statistically significant increase in visual acuity.

scholarly journals Load and configuration of ocular trauma in pediatric patients of a tertiary care hospital in Mirpur Azad Kashmir.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 2492-2498
Author(s):  
Umair Tariq Mirza ◽  
Muhammad Luqman Ali Bahoo ◽  
Kanwal Ijaz
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Ocular Trauma ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Open Globe ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Azad Kashmir ◽  
Type Of Injury

Objectives: In pediatric patients, ocular trauma is one of the most common causes of acquired blindness. This study aims to determine the epidemiology of ocular trauma in the pediatric age group, with its risk factors and consequences , visiting a Tertiary care Hospital in Mirpur Azad Kashmir. Study Design: Cross Sectional Observational study. Setting: Department of Ophthalmology at Mohammadi Teaching Hospital, Mohiuddin Islamic Medical College, Mirpur Azad Kashmir. Period: June 2016  and April 2017. Material & Methods: A cross sectional observational study was conducted in our hospital on children aged 0-10 years presenting with ocular trauma in Eye Out Patient Department. Detailed evaluation including Visual acuity, slit lamp examination and fundus assessment with 90D Lens was done. Various epidemiological parameters like age, sex distribution, place, nature, mode, object, time and type of injury along with visual acuity and treatment options were recorded. Results: Of total 40 patients most common age of presentation was 5 and 8 years. Males (72.5%) were more than females (27.5%). Out of total patients, 27 (67.5%) presented with closed globe injury as compared to open globe. Among the closed globe injury most common trauma was with wood followed by stick and fall. In cases of open globe injury, trauma with wood and scissor were common causes. Home was the most common place of injury (20 cases/ 50%), followed by park, road and school. Most frequent cause of admission and type of injury was corneal ulcer. Conclusion: Children susceptible to ocular trauma are commonly males at ages 5 and 8 years. They should not be left unsupervised even at home. Objects like wood, stick and scissors etc. should be out of reach of children. Immediate comprehensive primary management and secondary rehabilitation are mandatory in these cases.

scholarly journals Prevalence of PCOS with Associated Symptoms and Complications at Tertiary Care Hospital of Karachi

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Urooj Zafar ◽  
Zahida Memon ◽  
Kausar Moin ◽  
Shanza Agha ◽  
Jahan Ara Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Late Adolescent ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gynecological Disorders ◽  
Age Related

Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of PCOS among different gynecological disorders at tertiary care hospital of Karachi and to assess the most frequent presenting complaint with associated complications among them. Study Design: Single-centered cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Gynecological clinic of Karachi at a Tertiary care Hospital during 3rd December 2018 to 29th March 2019. Methodology: Total 335 premenopausal women approached the clinic with different gynecological disorders during the period of four months and 305 patients agreed to participate. The patients were enrolled via convenient sampling technique. After taking the informed consent they were evaluated through clinical interviews, questionnaire, and anthropometric measurements. The diagnosis of PCOS was made by using Rotterdam criteria 2003. Menstrual irregularities were assessed via history. Clinical hyperandrogenism was evaluated by using modified Ferriman–Gallwey scale and Acne Global Grading System. Obesity was calculated through BMI. The Hamilton scale was used to appraise associated psychological disturbances. Results: PCOS was the most prevalent gynecological disorder (55.41%) among women of the premenopausal age. Overall, the most frequent presenting complaint was infertility but age related variations in symptoms showed that young adolescent and adulthood had more menstruation irregularities while, in late adolescent the chief complaint was infertility. Moreover, these patients were either overweight 32% or obese 46.2%. Other associated problems such as anxiety and migraine were more frequent in young adults and juveniles respectively. Conclusion: PCOS is the most common gynecological problem in our region. These women usually presents with altered complains that influence their physiological and psychological health which in turn effects the quality of life.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Aeroallergens in Allergic Rhinitis in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (231) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Pokharel ◽  
Bikash Lal Shrestha ◽  
Dharmendra Karn ◽  
Ashish Dhakal ◽  
Abha Kiran K.C. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Skin Prick Test ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
House Dust Mites ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prick Test

Introduction: The prevalence of allergic rhinitis has increased significantly globally over the last two decades. Detection of sensitizing aeroallergens plays a crucial role in the diagnosis and management of this troublesome disease. This study aims to investigate the spectrum of aeroallergens sensitization in patients with allergic rhinitis in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of our hospital between January 2016 to December 2019. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee (No: 210/19). Patients diagnosed with allergic rhinitis were enrolled using the convenience sampling technique. Data entry and analysis was done using IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.0. Results: Among 170 patients, altogether 103 (60.6%) patients yielded positive responses on the skin prick test. The most prevalent aeroallergens were Lepidoglyphus 86 (50.60%), Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus 85 (50%), Dermatophagoides farina 82 (48.20%), Thyrophagus 50 (29.40%), Blomia 46 (27.10%), Acarus 43 (25.30%), cat dander 26 (15.30%), dog dander 24 (14.10%), cow and buffalo dander 20 (11.8%), ragweed 20 (11.8%), grass pollen 18 (10.60%) and mugwort 17 (10%). Conclusions: This study highlights that the frequency of aeroallergens based on skin prick test in patients presenting to a tertiary care hospital which showed the dominance of house dust mites, dog and cat hair, pollen, and grasses. Reduced exposure and training of patients about protection against these agents will possibly help in controlling the severity of allergic rhinitis in this region.

scholarly journals Stress among Nurses in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajeswari. H ◽  
Dr. B. Sreelekha
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Work Organization ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Severe Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Younger Age

Stress is a part and parcel of human lifestyle. Stress is a bodily or mental tension resulting from factors that tend to alter an existent equilibrium. Nursing is generally perceived as demanding profession. Along with the increased demand and progress in the nursing profession, stress among the nurses has also increased. The study is carried out with the objectives to assess the level of stress among nurses and to associate the level of stress among nurses with their socio demographic variables. METHODS: Cross sectional research design was adopted.200 nurses working in selected tertiary care hospital were selected by using probability simple random sampling technique. Data was collected by using modified stress inventory. RESULTS: The study revealed that among 200 samples 2(1%) had mild stress, 79(39.5%) had moderate stress and 119(59.5%) had severe stress. In associating the sociodemograpic variables with the level of stress, the variables like age, sex, religion, marital status, educational qualification, designation, area of working, programme attended related to stress, relaxation technique used have no significant association at the level of p<0.05 where as variables income, years of experience, area of living have significant association with level of stress at the level of p<0.001 &p<0.20. CONCLUSION: The study concludes that majority of the nurses have stress. It is also found that stress due to work organization and inter personal relationship at work is harder which adds up to the stress. It is evident in the present study that younger age group and women were commonly affected with severe stress .Income earned and place where they live also influences the stress. It is recommended to implement strategies for reducing stress and to organize stress management programme.

Frequency of Statin-Induced Myopathy in Patients with Dyslipidemia Presenting in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Lahore

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 2035-2038
Author(s):  
Mohsin Asif ◽  
Aijaz Zeeshan Khan Chachar ◽  
Miqdad Haider ◽  
Sajjad Ali ◽  
Afaq Shamim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Cholesterol Levels

Background: Frequency of dyslipidemia is on continuous rise in the developing countries including Pakistan. Many studies have shown that a raised LDL-cholesterol level, non-HDL cholesterol levels and decreased HDL-cholesterol levels are related with anraised risk of cardiovascular diseases and also certain muscle related symptoms. Aim: To find the frequency of statin-induced myopathy in dyslipidemic patients presenting in a tertiary care hospital. Methods It was a cross sectional study conducted among dyslipidemic patients presented at department of medicine and endocrinology, Unit-I Fatima Memorial hospital, Lahore. Non-probability consecutive sampling technique was used to select 230 dyslipidemic patients who met the inclusion criteria. Information was recorded on predesigned questionnaire regarding statin induced myopathy and socio-demographic variables. Results: In this study, the mean age statin induced myopathy respondents was 49.9±8.6 years while it was 49.9±9.4 years among not having statin induced myopathy.Statin induced myopathy was seen in 55 (23.9%) respondents while in 175 (76.1%) there was no statin induced myopathy. Gender among peripheral neuropathy showed that males were 42 and females were 13 in number; and among non-statin induced myopathy group there were 121 males and 54 females. Most of the middle income respondents were suffering from statin induced myopathy as compared to other income groups. Conclusion: This study reports an increased prevalence of statin induced myopathy among dyslipidemic patients. Male respondents were more in number than females but both had shown insignificant relationship with statin induced myopathy. The age>45 years of the respondents showed significant statistical difference with gender. Keywords: Statin Induced Myopathy, Dyslipidemia, Lahore

scholarly journals Prevalence of Adolescent Pregnancy in A Tertiary Care Hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (218) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanti Sunuwar Subedi ◽  
Sajjan Sharma ◽  
Munjal Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Pregnancy ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Social Stigma ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: WHO defines adolescent pregnancy as any pregnancy from a girl who is 10-19 years of age, the age being defined as her age at the time the baby is born. Globally, adolescent birth rate is 44 per 1000 women aged 15-19 years whereas 33 per 1000 in South East Asian region. The main objective of the study is to find the prevalence of adolescent pregnancy in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar over a period of six months from 1st January 2018 to 30th June 2018. Using the convenient sampling technique, 2688 samples were studied and the descriptive statistical analysis was done. Results: The prevalence of teenage pregnancy was found to be among 143 (5.3%) [5.3%±0.85% at 95% Confidence Interval]. Maximum adolescents of 95 (66.4%) presented at gestational age between 37 to 40 weeks. Regarding contraception, only 2 (1.4%) of teenage mothers had used Injectable Depo Provera. Conclusions: Adolescent pregnancy in developed countries is usually outside of marriage and carries a social stigma but in the context of developing countries it usually happens within marriage and half of them are planned reflecting educational status and contraception knowledge. Effective interventions need to be developed like strict enforcement of laws prohibiting teenage marriage.

scholarly journals NURSE KNOWLEDGE REGARDING INTRAVENOUS THERAPY IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 69-73
Author(s):  
Sunil Kumar Tailor ◽  
◽  
Shiv K Mudgal ◽  
Digpal Singh Chundawat ◽  
Krishan Kumar Nehra
Keyword(s):  
Professional Education ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Intravenous Therapy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nurses Knowledge

Context: In hospital settings, most of the time intravenous fluids and drugs administered to patients and nurses are responsible for administration and care of intravenous therapy. However, patients may develop complications related to intravenous therapy due to inadequate competency and knowledge of nurses regarding intravenous therapy. Aims: The present study was conducted to ascertain the knowledge regarding administration and care of intravenous therapy among the staff nurses working at tertiary care hospitals. Methods: A Cross-Sectional research design was adopted to ascertain the nurses knowledge of intravenous therapy. A total of 400 nurses were selected through simple random sampling technique from a tertiary care hospital. A self-structured questionnaire was used to assess the nurses knowledge of IV therapy. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistic. Result: The finding of the study indicated that the overall mean knowledge score of nurses was 15.71±4.18. The demographic variables which influenced the level of nurses knowledge significantly were their professional education (p=0.003) and attended refresher courses on IV therapy (p=0.000). Conclusion: Nurses had an inadequate level of knowledge on administration and care of IV therapy. The administration of IV therapy could be improved by the provision of the in-service education programme.

scholarly journals Patterns and Outcomes of dog bite injuries presenting to emergency department in a tertiary care hospital at Karachi

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ikram Ali ◽  
Seemin Jamali ◽  
Tehreem Ashraf ◽  
Nasibullah Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Dog Bite ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Bite Injuries

Objectives: To assess patterns & outcomes of dog bite injuries coming to a public sector tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. Methods: This was a one-year descriptive cross sectional study from 1st June 2018- 31st May 2019 using consecutive sampling technique. Data of 7512 patients was collected from animal-bite clinic of a tertiary care hospital. Inclusion criteria was animal bite cases that were reported during the dates 1st June 2018 to 31st May 2019, Incomplete records were excluded. Data comprising of time of bite, the location of the victim at the time of bite within the city, animal responsible for the bite, gender and age of victim, date of presentation, site and category of bite (as per WHO criteria) was recorded by the primary investigator. The study was conducted at Jinnah Post-Graduate Medical Centre. Results: Among 7512 participants 85.8% were males, 32.2% victims reported time of bite between morning and noon, 78.8% of bites involved lower limbs. 51.6% of the bites belonged to category 2. Stray dog bites were observed in 90.3% of cases. Outcome showed 54.9% completed their vaccination, while 44.3% did not show for complete follow up, 3.99% bites were grievous & 0.03% reported with developed rabies. Conclusion: Research reveals Males belonging to adult age group were most vulnerable, most bites were inflicted in early hours, most common animal inflicting the bites were stray dogs. Many victims did not complete their vaccination from the same centre. Peak of the summer was associated with a decline in number of incidents. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.3.3464 How to cite this:Ali MI, Jamali S, Ashraf T, Ahmed N. Patterns and Outcomes of dog bite injuries presenting to emergency department in a tertiary care hospital at Karachi. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(3):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.3.3464 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and practices study regarding current COVID-19 pandemic in patients presenting to rheumatology clinic of a Tertiary Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-109
Author(s):  
Taqdees Khaliq ◽  
Sarah Azam Shah ◽  
Saad Saleem ◽  
Safeena Hamed Quraishi
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Attitude Score ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Participants

Introduction: The most important step in controlling the spread of any communicable disease is to stick to preventive measures and COVID-19 pandemic is no exception. Keeping this in mind, a KAP study was performed in the rheumatology unit of a tertiary care hospital of Islamabad. The main idea was to know the level of understanding of rheumatologic patients with respect to COVID-19 pandemic and its preventive measures. Objective: The objective of the study was to understand the knowledge, attitude and practices of rheumatologic patients towards COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study in which consecutive, non-probability sampling technique was used. Results: There were 37 males and 73 females in the study group, with mean age of 38.75±13.9 years. The total knowledge score was 17 points. It was found that 12 (10.9%) participants had poor knowledge regarding COVID-19, whereas 27 (24.5%) and 71 (64.5%) had good and excellent knowledge respectively. The total attitude score of study participants 7 points. It was found that 11 (10.0%) participants had poor attitude, whereas 72 (65.5%) and 27 (24.5%) had good and excellent attitude. The total practice score was 11 points. It was calculated that 30 (27.3%) study participants had poor practices regarding COVID-19 prevention, whereas 78 (70.9%) had good practices and only 2 (1.8%) had excellent practices. Conclusion: Overall, it was noted that KAP of our rheumatologic patients towards COVID-19 infection was reasonable, however, there is always room for improvement.

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