scholarly journals Safety Assessment in Road Construction Work System Based on Group AHP-PCA

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianyong Zhang ◽  
Shifeng Huang ◽  
Shenjun Yang ◽  
Renfang Tu ◽  
Lianghai Jin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Construction Safety Management

The effectiveness and the safety of road construction depend on many factors that pose the greatest risk to system safety. The aim of this study is to conduct a comprehensive assessment for these risk factors to contribute to the safety performance of road construction. To achieve this goal, this study constructs a hierarchical safety assessment framework comprising comprehensive risk indicators according to rich work experience and a relevant literature review and then proposes a group AHP-PCA (group analytic hierarchy process-principal component analysis) to calculate the weights of relevant risk factors. The important rankings of a case study using GAHP-PCA show that professional skill, safety education, and work attitude are the most important factors, which are consistent with the experience and knowledge of road construction safety management. The results also demonstrate that judgment dispersion naturally existing in classical AHP can be effectively reduced when combined with PCA, which is the innovation point of the method given in this article.

scholarly journals Analyzing the Risk of Safety Accidents: The Relative Risks of Migrant Workers in Construction Industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 5430
Author(s):  
Ji-Myong Kim ◽  
Kiyoung Son ◽  
Sang-Guk Yum ◽  
Sungjin Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Construction Workers ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Accident Risk ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Accident Data ◽  
Safety Accident

This study analyzed the relative risks of migrant workers, and identified risk factors based on quantitative data for the systematic safety management of migrant workers. Many studies have found that migrant workers are more vulnerable to safety accidents than non-migrant workers. Nevertheless, there are few quantitative studies of migrant workers’ accident-risk in the construction industry, where safety accidents are most frequent. In addition, safety management for the identified accident risk factors has not been implemented systematically. To fill the gap, this study uses safety accident data from construction sites, from the +, for the methodical safety management of migrant workers. The t-test and multiple regression analysis methods are used to define the variance in non-migrant and migrant workers, and the risk indicators, respectively. The two analyses show that the results for migrant construction workers were 2.2% higher in safety accident severity than non-migrant workers, and significant factors are also different. This study’s results will provide critical guidance for the safety management of migrant construction workers.

An integrated fire safety assessment of a student housing facility

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (4/5) ◽  
pp. 354-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muizz O. Sanni-Anibire ◽  
Mohammad A. Hassanain
Keyword(s):  
Fire Safety ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Student Housing ◽  
Simulation Tool ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Housing Facility

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present an integrated approach to fire safety assessment, through combining the outcomes of a checklist tailored to the requirements of the International Building Code (IBC), and an evacuation simulation tool (EVACNET4), applied to a student housing facility as case study. Design/methodology/approach – The authors reviewed relevant literature and previous studies pertaining to fire safety assessment and management. An assessment checklist was developed according to the requirements of the IBC. EVACNET4 simulation tool was utilized to model the evacuation of the facility under review. The results derived from the aforementioned steps were correlated to identify potential corroborating or conflicting issues pertaining to the safe evacuation of building occupants in the occurrence of a fire incident. Findings – Fire safety provisions were found to be adequate, and the building can be evacuated safely in about 190 seconds, should a fire occur. The architectural design aspects of the exit doors which might cause potential bottlenecks were identified. Originality/value – A completely fire safe building does not exist, and thus more integrative approaches to fire safety assessment and management will reduce to the least extent possible fire risks. A holistic fire safety management of campus housing is of paramount interest to the campus community, and the building industry at large.

Safety Assessment of Two-Lane Highway using a Combined Proactive and Reactive Approach: Case Study from Indian National Highways

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (7) ◽  
pp. 709-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudipa Chatterjee ◽  
Sudeshna Mitra
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Risk Matrix ◽  
The Government ◽  
Road Safety Audit ◽  
Proactive Safety

In India, approximately 30% of road accident fatalities occur on two-lane rural roads. Thus research focused on identifying risk factors on this road type is of immense interest to most of the road agencies. Although these highways are more hazardous and account for more severe crashes, there is a lack of scientific safety assessment of such highways compared with multi-lane highways. Proactive approaches, such as road safety audit, have been widely adopted by the government of India to reduce crash frequency and severity on highways. However, an effective road safety management program should exercise an optimal balance between reactive and proactive strategies to identify potential hazards and treat already existing hazardous sites. Through a case study on two two-lane highways, several risk factors were identified using the principles of road safety audit, and were mapped with the available crash data analysis to develop a risk matrix. This risk matrix was found to be helpful in the selection of countermeasure design in a more scientific way, targeting the frequent crash types and severities expected to result at the high crash sites. Finally, it was observed that integrating the findings from reactive analysis with proactive safety management is more beneficial, since they are methodically proven with historical crash records and provide the knowledge of plausible safety hazards at sites where similar features exist. The proposed methodology could be adopted by road agencies in India and other developing countries for effective proactive safety planning.

scholarly journals On the method of risk synthesis in the safety management of structurally complex systems

Dependability ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-67
Author(s):  
A. V. Bochkov
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Problem Definition ◽  
Industrial Safety ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Definition Of

The Aim of the paper is to show that the risk to critical infrastructure facilities (CIF) of structurally complex systems (SCS) should be considered as a multicomponent vector, whose set of parameters is subject to changes. Real safety estimation using the risk-oriented approach is impossible without a sufficient base of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of risk factors, as well as data on the status of facilities and processes that are exposed to such risk factors. Risk assessment always aims to estimate its quantitative indicators, which allows it to be used not only to assess industrial safety, but also to substantiate the economic efficiency of taken measures, conduct economic calculations of the required relief or compensation of lost health of workers and environmental damage.Method. The author suggests a method of risk synthesis (with game definition of the problem of countering possible external effects of various nature on CIF SCS) as one of the foundations of the design of advanced systems for monitoring safety threats to SCS. A special attention must be given to the effect of risk factors on the system of balanced safety and risk indicators, as prediction based on single indicators does not create a holistic image of the systems’ status and development trends.Result. Key methodological premises were formulated: from general problem definition of safety management through the synthesis the model of a controlled facility and its external and internal connections, solution to the problem of selection of priority protection facilities in terms of assuring efficient operation and general safety of SCS. As the basis of advanced systems for monitoring safety threats and risks, the paper suggests the concept of risk management aiming to create the mechanism, method and tools for the synthesis, analysis and prediction of emergency risks.Conclusion. The proposed method can be applied to a wide range of tasks of primary analysis, synthesis and quantitative estimation of the CIF-related risks and safety management of SCS of various purpose.

scholarly journals Customization of Diet May Promote Exercise and Improve Mental Wellbeing in Mature Adults: The Role of Exercise as a Mediator

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 435
Author(s):  
Lina Begdache ◽  
Cara M. Patrissy
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mental Distress ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Dietary Practices

Diet, dietary practices and exercise are modifiable risk factors for individuals living with mental distress. However, these relationships are intricate and multilayered in such a way that individual factors may influence mental health differently when combined within a pattern. Additionally, two important factors that need to be considered are gender and level of brain maturity. Therefore, it is essential to assess these modifiable risk factors based on gender and age group. The purpose of the study was to explore the combined and individual relationships between food groups, dietary practices and exercise to appreciate their association with mental distress in mature men and women. Adults 30 years and older were invited to complete the food–mood questionnaire. The anonymous questionnaire link was circulated on several social media platforms. A multi-analyses approach was used. A combination of data mining techniques, namely, a mediation regression analysis, the K-means clustering and principal component analysis as well as Spearman’s rank–order correlation were used to explore these research questions. The results suggest that women’s mental health has a higher association with dietary factors than men. Mental distress and exercise frequency were associated with different dietary and lifestyle patterns, which support the concept of customizing diet and lifestyle factors to improve mental wellbeing.

scholarly journals Path Analysis on Determinants of Childhood Obesity and Associated Risk Factors of Cardiovascular, Renal, and Hepatic Diseases: The CASPIAN-V Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. e148-e158
Author(s):  
Vahid Mansouri ◽  
Marjan Mansourian ◽  
Mostafa Qorbani ◽  
Roya Riahi ◽  
Rahele Karimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Hepatic Diseases

AbstractThe interaction between several lifestyle and obesogenic environmental factors is considered as the main underlying factor for the escalating trend of childhood obesity and its adverse consequences. In this study, we assessed the mutual influence of lifestyle habits and body mass index (BMI) as well as risk factors for cardiometabolic, hepatic, and renal disorders to define the causality power of each item. This nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted as the fifth round of a school-based surveillance program. Overall, 14,800 students living in Iran were studied, and blood samples were obtained from 4,200 of them. Demographic factors, anthropometric and biochemical measures were used to define lifestyle-related latent variables as well as cardiac, renal, and hepatic risk indicators. Total, direct, and indirect effects between factors were analyzed using the standardized regression weights for each pathway. Data from 14,274 students (participation rate of 99%) and 3,843 blood samples were included. All of the latent variables had a significant direct effect on BMI, with the most potent effect of unhealthy nutrition (β ≅ 0.63) in boys and girls. BMI has significant direct effects on risk indicators of cardiovascular, renal, and hepatic diseases with the most powerful effect on cardiovascular risk factors (β ≅  − 0.08). The most important predisposing factor for obesity was unhealthy nutrition, whereas increased activity, adequate sleep, and better hygiene had protective roles. BMI shows the strongest association with indicator of cardiovascular diseases. These findings underscore the importance of implementing public health programs for the prevention of chronic noncommunicable diseases.

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