scholarly journals Pernicious Anemia and Vitiligo in an HIV Patient: An Unfamiliar Case Presentation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Katongo Mutengo ◽  
Francis Mupeta ◽  
Owen Ngalamika
Keyword(s):  
Pernicious Anemia ◽  
High Index ◽  
Differential Diagnoses ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Autoimmune Process ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Infected Population ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

Pernicious anemia (PA) is a rarely considered cause of anemia in HIV-infected population and is seldom on the list of differential diagnoses. However, PA can have serious consequences if misdiagnosed or left untreated. We present the case of a 38-year-old HIV-positive man who was diagnosed with PA, which was preceded by a one-year history of vitiligo. Our case is a reminder for clinicians to have a high index of suspicion for an autoimmune process as a potential cause of anemia in HIV-infected individuals.

scholarly journals Concomitant hepatic tuberculosis and hepatocellular carcinoma: a case report and review of the literature

BMC Surgery ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hind S. Alsaif ◽  
Ali Hassan ◽  
Osamah Refai ◽  
Khaled Awary ◽  
Haitham Kussaibi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Malignancy ◽  
Ct Guided ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Hepatic Tuberculosis ◽  
Ct Guided Biopsy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Abdominal Examination ◽  
Peripheral Arterial ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

Abstract Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver malignancy that is strongly associated with chronic liver disease. Isolated hepatic tuberculosis is an uncommon type of tuberculosis. Concomitant occurrence of both conditions is extremely rare. Case presentation We report the case of a 47-year-old man who presented with fever and abdominal pain for 3 months prior to presentation. He reported a history of anorexia and significant weight loss. Abdominal examination revealed a tender, enlarged liver. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) demonstrated a solid heterogeneous hepatic mass with peripheral arterial enhancement, but no venous washout, conferring a radiological impression of suspected cholangiocarcinoma. However, a CT-guided biopsy of the lesion resulted in the diagnosis of concomitant HCC and isolated hepatic tuberculosis. Conclusion A rapid increase in tumor size should draw attention to the possibility of a concomitant infectious process. Clinicians must have a high index of suspicion for tuberculosis, especially in patients from endemic areas, in order to initiate early and proper treatment.

Nodular melanoma presenting as an exophytic subungual mass

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Finlay ◽  
T Ramachandren ◽  
K Hussey ◽  
S Parkyn ◽  
K Meyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Delayed Diagnosis ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
High Index ◽  
Nodular Melanoma ◽  
Diagnostic Pitfall ◽  
One Year ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Subungual Melanoma

Despite being recognised and reported in the literature for decades, subungual melanoma of the foot remains a diagnostic pitfall, with it commonly being mistaken for benign conditions. We present an interesting case of delayed diagnosis of subungual melanoma of the hallux that was misdiagnosed in the community for over one year. With melanoma being the fourth most commonly diagnosed cancer in Australia in 2013, this case serves as a reminder to all clinicians about the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for melanoma of the foot.

scholarly journals Metastasis of breast cancer to bladder

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma Hadhri ◽  
Rim Abidi ◽  
Najet Mahjoub ◽  
Alia Mousli ◽  
Khalil Mahjoubi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Lobular Carcinoma ◽  
Bladder Wall ◽  
Hormonal Treatment ◽  
Left Breast ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Bladder Metastasis ◽  
One Year ◽  
Immunohistochemical Studies

Abstract Background Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in women, and most breast cancer related deaths are due to metastasis. Urinary bladder metastasis from breast cancer is rarely reported in the literature. Case presentation We report a case of a 77-year-old female with history of left breast cancer, who presented a thickening of the bladder wall at pelvic ultrasound. Biopsy confirmed that the origin was lobular carcinoma of breast origin. The patient received chemotherapy, but the clinical course of the patient was very aggressive and she died one year later. Conclusion Bladder metastasis from breast cancer is rare, but the literature reveals an increase in such occurrence over the last few years. Pathologic diagnosis relies on immunohistochemical studies. Chemotherapy and hormonal treatment represent the standard therapy, with radiotherapy being used only to control bladder bleeding. The prognosis is usually poor.

scholarly journals Foreign body stone in oesophagus: a unique case

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
B P Sah ◽  
S T Chettri ◽  
J N. Prasad ◽  
P P Gupta ◽  
S P Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
High Index ◽  
Common Occurrence ◽  
Unique Case ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

Foreign body ingestion is a common occurrence in children and in specific high-risk  groups. It is usually diagnosed based on a history of ingestion given by the patient  or an observer. However, children and mentally retarded adults may be unable to  give an accurate history, and a high index of suspicion must be maintained in these  groups. We report a rare case of foreign body stone in an mentally retarded adult  which presented with drooling and impaired feeds, thence enabling for high index  for suspicion.  Health Renaissance 2014;12(2): pp: 140-142

Pneumomediastinum due to tracheal foreign body granuloma

2005 ◽  
Vol 119 (12) ◽  
pp. 998-1000
Author(s):  
H Kishore Chandra Prasad ◽  
Suja S Sreedharan ◽  
Sydney D’Souza ◽  
Naveen Kumar ◽  
Sampath Chandra Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
High Index ◽  
Foreign Body Granuloma ◽  
Differential Diagnoses ◽  
Granulomatous Reaction ◽  
Intubation Granuloma ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

Primary tracheal masses are rare. Secondary masses of the trachea are commonly foreign body granuloma, intubation granuloma or viral granuloma. The differential diagnoses given in such cases include both benign and malignant lesions. The otolaryngologist is often asked to perform a biopsy of the lesion to arrive at a diagnosis. However, even malignant processes can cause a granulomatous reaction. The timely diagnosis of tracheal masses depends upon maintaining a high index of suspicion. A rare case of tracheal granuloma leading to pneumomediastinum in a 53-year-old female is presented. The clinical features, investigations and treatment are detailed. The tracheal granuloma was managed by excision through bronchoscopy and the pneumomediastinum was managed conservatively.

scholarly journals Isolated Pulmonary Hydatid Cyst: A Rare Presentation in a Young Maasai Boy from Northern Tanzania

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay Lodhia ◽  
Ayesiga Herman ◽  
Rune Philemon ◽  
Adnan Sadiq ◽  
Deborah Mchaile ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Post Procedure ◽  
Northern Tanzania ◽  
Typical History ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Right ◽  
Pulmonary Hydatid Cyst

Introduction. Hydatidosis is a parasitic manifestation caused by Echinococcus granulosus. It is characterized by cystic lesions in the liver and lungs. Diagnosis is based on typical history and radiological measures. Case presentation. A four-year-old boy presented with a one-year history of dry cough and difficulty in breathing which was of gradual progression. Computed tomography of the chest revealed a large 11.7 cm×8.6 cm×11.0 cm cyst in the right hemithorax. The patient underwent thoracotomy and recovered well post procedure. Conclusion. This case report highlights that large hydatid cysts can be surgically removed with good outcome and the importance of realizing that the disease is a burden to the public health and is much neglected.

scholarly journals Two cases of imported respiratory diphtheria in Edinburgh, Scotland, October 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy Li ◽  
Daniella Ross ◽  
Katherine Hill ◽  
Sarah Clifford ◽  
Louise Wellington ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Corynebacterium Diphtheriae ◽  
High Index ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Emerging Infections ◽  
Diphtheria Antitoxin ◽  
History Of ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

Abstract We report two cases of respiratory toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae infection in fully vaccinated UK born adults following travel to Tunisia in October 2019. Both patients were successfully treated with antibiotics and neither received diphtheria antitoxin. Contact tracing was performed following a risk assessment but no additional cases were identified. This report highlights the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for re-emerging infections in patients with a history of travel to high-risk areas outside Europe.

scholarly journals A Rare Case of Acute Renal Failure Secondary to Rhabdomyolysis Probably Induced by Donepezil

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Osman Zikrullah Sahin ◽  
Teslime Ayaz ◽  
Suleyman Yuce ◽  
Fatih Sumer ◽  
Serap Baydur Sahin
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year ◽  
Renal Function Tests

Introduction. Acute renal failure (ARF) develops in 33% of the patients with rhabdomyolysis. The main etiologic factors are alcoholism, trauma, exercise overexertion, and drugs. In this report we present a rare case of ARF secondary to probably donepezil-induced rhabdomyolysis.Case Presentation. An 84-year-old male patient was admitted to the emergency department with a complaint of generalized weakness and reduced consciousness for two days. He had a history of Alzheimer’s disease for one year and he had taken donepezil 5 mg daily for two months. The patient’s physical examination revealed apathy, loss of cooperation, and decreased muscle strength. Laboratory studies revealed the following: urea: 128 mg/dL; Creatinine 6.06 mg/dL; creatine kinase: 3613 mg/dL. Donepezil was discontinued and the patient’s renal function tests improved gradually.Conclusion. Rhabdomyolysis-induced acute renal failure may develop secondary to donepezil therapy.

scholarly journals Scrotal Ulcer is a Rare Presentationof TB Epididymis in Young Male

2021 ◽  
pp. 146-149
Author(s):  
Rekadi Srinivasa Rao ◽  
Senthil Kumar ◽  
R. Anantharamakrishnan ◽  
P. Varadaraju
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Young Male ◽  
High Index ◽  
History Of ◽  
Scrotal Swelling ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

Introduction: Scrotal tuberculosis (TB) is rare and may present as painful scrotal swelling with ulceration and discharging sinus. Case Report: A 28 years male with 2 months history of swelling and pain over left scrotum. Developed ulcer over the scrotal region with multiple sinus associated with pus discharge. Conclusion: The clinical presentation of TB scrotal ulcer can be atypical and a high index of suspicion is required for early diagnosis. Diagnosis is by using ultrasonography, microbiology, and biopsy. Treatment requires prolonged ATT for 6 months.

scholarly journals Cutaneous Metastasis in a Previously Known Case of Ovarian Dysgerminoma: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farokh Seilanian Toosi ◽  
Malihe Hasanzadeh ◽  
Mona Maftouh ◽  
Ahmadreza Tavassoli
Keyword(s):  
Local Recurrence ◽  
Cutaneous Metastasis ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Surgical Incision ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Pathologic Evaluation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ovarian Dysgerminoma ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
One Year

Introduction: Cutaneous metastasis is an uncommon manifestation that mostly occurs in patients with previous gastrointestinal or gynecological malignancies. Local recurrence usually can be seen in surgical incisions. Dysgerminomas are rare ovarian tumors that usually have local invasions, but metastases are infrequent. Here, we described a case of dysgerminoma and cutaneous metastasis in the surgical incision. Case Presentation: The patient was a 39-year-old woman previously known as ovarian dysgerminoma, who had undergone surgery one year ago. Ultrasound examination a year after surgery showed a 35 × 33 millimeters hypoechoic solid tumor in the left ovary and another 3 masses with similar echo pattern and vascularity were found in the surgical incision. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings were compatible with cutaneous metastasis of pervious dysgerminoma. Pathologic evaluation and Immunohistochemistry (IHC) confirmed dysgerminoma's skin metastasis. She received chemotherapy due to the recurrence of malignancy. Conclusions: Local recurrence and metastases (even in the skin) should be kept in mind and the clinician must examine the surgical site skin in patients with a history of malignancy.

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