scholarly journals Response and Adaptation of Microbial Community in a CANON Reactor Exposed to an Extreme Alkaline Shock

Archaea ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ruili Yang ◽  
Wenlong Mao ◽  
Xiaojun Wang ◽  
Zhaoji Zhang ◽  
Junbin Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Anammox Activity ◽  
Canon Process

Responses of a microbial community in the completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process, which was shocked by a pH of 11.0 for 12 h, were investigated. During the recovery phase, the performance, anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) activity, microbial community, and correlation of bacteria as well as the influencing factors were evaluated synchronously. The performance of the CANON process deteriorated rapidly with a nitrogen removal rate (NRR) of 0.13 kg·m-3·d-1, and Firmicutes, spore-forming bacteria, were the dominant phyla after alkaline shock. However, it could self-restore within 107 days after undergoing four stages, at which Planctomycetes became dominant with a relative abundance of 64.62%. Network analysis showed that anammox bacteria (Candidatus Jettenia, Kuenenia, and Brocadia) were positively related to some functional bacteria such as Nitrosomonas, SM1A02, and Calorithrix. Canonical correspondence analysis presented a strong correlation between the microbial community and influencing factors during the recovery phase. With the increase of nitrogen loading rate, the decrease of free nitrous acid and the synergistic effects, heme c content, specific anammox activity (SAA), NRR, and the abundance of dominant genus increased correspondingly. The increase of heme c content regulates the quorum sensing system, promotes the secretion of extracellular polymeric substances, and further improves SAA, NRR, and the relative abundance of the dominant genus. This study highlights some implications for the recovery of the CANON reactor after being exposed to an alkaline shock.

Performance and inhibition recovery of anammox reactors seeded with different types of sludge

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 710-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Q. Ni ◽  
J. Meng
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Recovery Processes ◽  
Anammox Activity ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

In order to study the performance, inhibition and recovery processes of different types of anammox sludge, three up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors were inoculated with flocculent sludge, granular sludge, and cultured inactive methanogenic granules. During stable period, with nitrogen loading rates of 0.9–1.1 kg/m3/d, the total nitrogen removal efficiencies of these reactors averaged at 86.5%, 90.8% and 93.5%, respectively. The kinetics study indicated that the reactor seeded with cultured inactive methanogenic granules possessed the highest nitrogen removal potential, followed by the granular anammox reactor and the flocculent anammox reactor. The study suggested that a concentration as high as 988.3 mg NH4+-N/L and 484.4 mg NO2−-N/L could totally inhibit granular anammox bacteria and result in a inhibition of 50% flocculent anammox activity. In addition, reactors seeded with flocculent sludge and anammox granules could be fully recovered by decreasing their influent substrate concentrations. However, the decrease of influent substrate concentration for the reactor with cultured inactive methanogenic granules could only restore about 75% of its bacterial activity. In this study, anammox bacteria purity was the major factor to evaluate the recovery ability in comparison with sludge type. Free ammonia was a more appropriate indicator for the anammox recovery process compared to free nitric acid.

Enrichment of Anammox Bacteria by a Sequencing Fed Biofilm Batch Reactor (SFBFBR)

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 663-666
Author(s):  
De Xiang Liao ◽  
Peng Hao Su ◽  
Kai Liang Yang ◽  
Dao Lun Feng ◽  
Hua Huai Lin
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Nitrite Concentration ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Anammox Activity ◽  
Operation Period

A sequencing fed biofilm batch reactor (SFBFBR) seeded with returning activated sludge of a WWTP was started up to enrich Anammox (Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation) bacteria and to investigate the nitrogen removal characterization of the Anammox biofilm system. Initially, the operation period was controlled at 3 days and the mineral medium (30 mg/l ammonium, 30 mg/l nitrite, about 2 L) was supplied continuously to SFBFBR in the first 68 hours. After 44 days’ cultivation, ammonium and nitrite concentration were decreased simultaneously without COD and DO, which means the anammox activity presented in the reactor. From t=55 days, in order to further enrich anammox bacteria, the substrate load began to increase by reducing the operation period from 3 days to 1 day and increasing the ammonium and nitrite concentrations. At the end of the experiment, the reactor was able to treat nitrogen loading rates up to 200±10 mg N/(L.d). The ammonium and nitrite reacted in the stoichiometrical of 1:1.135.

Autotrophic nitrogen removal at low temperature

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 1282-1288 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Vázquez-Padín ◽  
I. Fernández ◽  
N. Morales ◽  
J. L. Campos ◽  
A. Mosquera-Corral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
Oxygen Penetration ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Do Concentration ◽  
Canon Process ◽  
Autotrophic Nitrogen Removal

In this work the autotrophic nitrogen removal was carried out at moderately low temperatures using two configurations: a) two-units one comprising a SHARON reactor coupled to an Anammox SBR and b) single-unit one consisting of a granular SBR performing the CANON process. At 20°C the two-units system was limited by the Anammox step and its nitrogen removal capacity was around ten times lower than the CANON system (0.08 g N/(L d) versus 1 g N/(L d)). When the CANON system was operated at 15°C the average removed nitrogen loading rate decreased to 0.2 g N/(L d). The CANON system was operated in order to limit the ammonia oxidation rate to avoid nitrite inhibition of Anammox bacteria. Since both, temperature and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration regulate ammonia oxidizing bacteria activity, once the temperature of the reactor is decreased the DO concentration must be decreased to avoid the deeper oxygen penetration inside the granule which could cause inhibition of Anammox bacteria by oxygen and/or nitrite.

scholarly journals Temperature modulates stress response in anammox reactors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Niederdorfer ◽  
Damian Hausherr ◽  
Alejandro Palomo ◽  
Jing Wei ◽  
Paul Magyar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Transcriptional Responses ◽  
Microbial Biofilms ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Anammox Activity ◽  
Stress Susceptibility

AbstractAutotrophic nitrogen removal by anaerobic ammonium oxidizing (anammox) bacteria is an energy-efficient nitrogen removal process in wastewater treatment. However, full-scale deployment under mainstream conditions remains challenging for practitioners due to the high stress susceptibility of anammox bacteria towards fluctuations in dissolved oxygen and temperature. Here, we investigated the response of microbial biofilms with verified anammox activity to oxygen shocks under favorable and cold temperature regimes. Genome-centric metagenomics and metatranscriptomics were used to investigate the stress response on various biological levels. We show that temperature regime and strength of oxygen perturbations induced divergent responses from the process level down to the transcriptional profile of individual taxa. Temperature induced distinct transcriptional states in compositionally identical communities and transient pulses of dissolved oxygen resulted in the upregulation of stress-response only under favorable temperatures. Anammox species and other key biofilm taxa display different transcriptional responses to the induced stress regimes.

Deciphering bacterial interactions via DSF-regulated public goods in an anammox community

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongzhao Guo ◽  
Yunpeng Zhao ◽  
Xi Tang ◽  
Tianxing Na ◽  
Juejun Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Public Goods ◽  
Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽  
Microbial Interactions ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Signal Molecules ◽  
Bacteria Growth ◽  
Bacterial Interactions ◽  
Social Traits

Abstract Background: Bacterial interaction and communication via quorum sensing (QS) received extensively attention, as it can coordinate bacterial behavior and activity through the QS signal molecules in microbial community. Though the exchange of public goods regulated by QS have been explored in pure culture, how signal sense, transmit, and affect the social traits through regulating public goods in complex communities remains unclear. Results: The levels of public goods (e.g. extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and amino acids) changed significantly when exogenous diffusion signal factor (DSF), a kind of QS molecules, was added. Approaches involving meta-omics and hierarchical signalling network construction give insight into that anammox species ( Jettenia caeni , AMX1) and Proteobacteria -affiliated bacterium (PRO1) can sense and transit DSF signals, thus directly regulating the production and exchange of public goods via the secondary messenger c-di-GMP regulator, Clp. In detail, these two kinds of species can supply more costly amino acids for DSF-Secretor species (like AMX2, CFX1, CFX3, and PRO4) after sensing DSF. Meanwhile, DSF-Secretor species encoded diverse genes involved in hydrolysis of extracellular protein and carbohydrate and genes involved in transportation of peptides and sugars. The exogenous DSF-inducement also leads to the high expression of these genes, which indicated DSF-Secretor species helped anammox bacteria scavenge extracellular detritus. This process can be considered as a feedback of public goods supply by anammox bacteria, as this process contributed to create a suitable environment for anammox bacteria growth. Namely, DSF can bridge bacterial interactions through regulating public goods. Furthermore, the trade-off induces discrepant metabolic loads of different microbial clusters and community succession. It illustrated the potential to artificially alleviate metabolic loads and thus increase proliferation rate for certain bacteria through QS. Conclusions: DSF can bridge interactions of anammox bacteria and DSF-Secretor species through regulating production and exchange of public goods using Clp regulator. Deciphering microbial interactions via QS provides insights for understanding the molecular evolution of QS in microbial community.

scholarly journals Performance of the anammox sequencing batch reactor treating synthetic and real landfill leachate

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 00179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Tomaszewski ◽  
Grzegorz Cema ◽  
Tomasz Twardowski ◽  
Aleksandra Ziembińska-Buczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Anammox Activity ◽  
Anammox Process

The anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process is one of the most energy efficient and environmentally-friendly bioprocess for the treatment of the wastewater with high nitrogen concentration. The aim of this work was to study the influence of the high nitrogen loading rate (NLR) on the nitrogen removal in the laboratory-scale anammox sequencing batch reactor (SBR), during the shift from the synthetic wastewater to landfill leachate. In both cases with the increase of NLR from 0.5 to 1.1 – 1.2 kg N/m3d, the nitrogen removal rate (NRR) increases to about 1 kg N/m3d, but higher NLR caused substrates accumulation and affects anammox process efficiency. Maximum specific anammox activity was determined as 0.638 g N/g VSSd (NRR 1.023 kg N/m3d) and 0.594 g N/g VSSd (NRR 1.241 kg N/m3d) during synthetic and real wastewater treatment, respectively. Both values are similar and this is probably the nitrogen removal capacity of the used anammox biomass. This indicates, that landfill leachate did not influence the nitrogen removal capacity of the anammox process.

scholarly journals Start-Up and Aeration Strategies for a Completely Autotrophic Nitrogen Removal Process in an SBR

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoling Zhang ◽  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Yanhong Zhao ◽  
Zhengqun Li
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Intermittent Aeration ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Canon Process ◽  
Autotrophic Nitrogen Removal

The start-up and performance of the completely autotrophic nitrogen removal via nitrite (CANON) process were examined in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with intermittent aeration. Initially, partial nitrification was established, and then the DO concentration was lowered further, surplus water in the SBR with high nitrite was replaced with tap water, and continuous aeration mode was turned into intermittent aeration mode, while the removal of total nitrogen was still weak. However, the total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiency and nitrogen removal loading reached 83.07% and 0.422 kgN/(m3·d), respectively, 14 days after inoculating 0.15 g of CANON biofilm biomass into the SBR. The aggregates formed in SBR were the mixture of activated sludge and granular sludge; the volume ratio of floc and granular sludge was 7 : 3. DNA analysis showed that Planctomycetes-like anammox bacteria and Nitrosomonas-like aerobic ammonium oxidization bacteria were dominant bacteria in the reactor. The influence of aeration strategies on CANON process was investigated using batch tests. The result showed that the strategy of alternating aeration (1 h) and nonaeration (1 h) was optimum, which can obtain almost the same TN removal efficiency as continuous aeration while reducing the energy consumption, inhibiting the activity of NOB, and enhancing the activity of AAOB.

scholarly journals Achieving fast start-up of anammox process by promoting the growth of anammox bacteria with FeS addition

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunzhen Zou ◽  
Beibei Guo ◽  
Xuming Zhuang ◽  
Liying Ren ◽  
Shou-Qing Ni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Nitrite Reductase ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Fast Start ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Anammox Process

Abstract The effects of FeS on nitrogen removal performance and microbial community of anammox process were studied. During the start-up period, the removal efficiencies of nitrite and total nitrogen were significantly improved by FeS. The addition of FeS increased the content of iron ions in the reactor and promoted the synthesis of heme c, which was involved in the formation of various enzymes. Compared with the control, the abundance of anammox bacteria in the FeS reactor was increased by 29%, and the expression level of the nirS gene (encoding cd1 type nitrite reductase containing heme) was nearly doubled. The content of nitrite reductase (ammonia-forming) in the community was increased by 26.4%. The difference in functional bacteria and enzyme contents in the microbial community resulted in a difference in nitrogen removal rate (NRR) between the two reactors. High-throughput results indicated that FeS increased the richness and diversity of microbial community and enhanced the metabolic function of the microbial community. The addition of FeS did not change the dominant position of Ca. Kuenenia in both reactors. But the relative abundance of heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria was reduced with FeS, which may be related to the inhibition effect of S2− produced by FeS.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document