scholarly journals Parametric Analysis of Negative and Positive Refractive Index Lens Antenna by ANSYS HFSS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Phan Van Hung ◽  
Nguyen Quoc Dinh ◽  
Yoshihide Yamada ◽  
Naobumi Michishita ◽  
Mohammad Tariqul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Parametric Analysis ◽  
Negative Refractive Index ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Sidelobe Level ◽  
Lens Antenna ◽  
Lens Antennas ◽  
Simulation Results

Lens antennas with multibeam, high gain, and low sidelobe level are potential candidates for base station antennas in 5G mobile communication. In this paper, the authors perform simulation and parametric analysis of a lens antenna with positive and negative refractive indexes (NRI) using the modern electromagnetic field simulation software ANSYS HFSS. The simulation results of structures and theoretical calculations are analyzed and compared. The simulation results show the effectiveness of using negative refractive index lens antennas to minimize the dimension. The lens thickness with a negative refractive index decreased from 24.5 mm to 6.1 mm compared to the positive refractive index lens’s thickness. The results also indicate the similarities in gain, sidelobe level, amplitude, and electric field distribution on the aperture plane of the negative and positive refractive indexes (PRI) lens antennas compared to the theoretical calculation. In addition, the authors simulate a lens structure with additional quarter wavelength matching layers (MLs) to estimate the antireflection performance.

scholarly journals Multibeam Characteristics of a Negative Refractive Index Shaped Lens

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (19) ◽  
pp. 5703
Author(s):  
Salbiah Ab Hamid ◽  
Nurul Huda Abd Rahman ◽  
Yoshihide Yamada ◽  
Phan Van Hung ◽  
Dinh Nguyen Quoc
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Negative Refractive Index ◽  
Beam Width ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Mobile Base Station ◽  
Mobile Base

Narrow beam width, higher gain and multibeam characteristics are demanded in 5G technology. Array antennas that are utilized in the existing mobile base stations have many drawbacks when operating at upper 5G frequency bands. For example, due to the high frequency operation, the antenna elements become smaller and thus, in order to provide higher gain, more antenna elements and arrays are required, which will cause the feeding network design to be more complex. The lens antenna is one of the potential candidates to replace the current structure in mobile base station. Therefore, a negative refractive index shaped lens is proposed to provide high gain and narrow beamwidth using energy conservation and Abbe’s sine principle. The aim of this study is to investigate the multibeam characteristics of a negative refractive index shaped lens in mobile base station applications. In this paper, the feed positions for the multibeam are selected on the circle from the center of the lens and the accuracy of the feed position is validated through Electromagnetic (EM) simulation. Based on the analysis performed in this study, a negative refractive index shaped lens with a smaller radius and slender lens than the conventional lens is designed, with the additional capability of performing wide-angle beam scanning.

scholarly journals Negative Refractive Index Shaped Lens for Mobile Base Station

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (APR2021) ◽  
pp. 94-98
Author(s):  
Salbiah Ab Hamid ◽  
Nurul Huda Abdul Rahman ◽  
Yoshihide Yamada ◽  
Idnin Pasya Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Negative Refractive Index ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Mobile Base Station ◽  
Mobile Base

scholarly journals A new double ш-shaped compact negative refractive index metamaterial for wideband applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 863
Author(s):  
Pujan Chandra Paul ◽  
Mohammad Jakir Hossain ◽  
Ashish Kumar Karmaker ◽  
Md. Jakirul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Wave Propagation ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Negative Refractive Index ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Electromagnetic Simulation ◽  
Vertical Array ◽  
Array Structure ◽  
Compact Design

<p>This paper analyzed the new compact design and negative refractive index (NRI) metamaterial for wideband applications. The proposed metamaterial exhibits NRI and wideband characteristics of the x-axis wave propagation. It displayed the NRI property at the frequency of 1.54 GHz and wideband from 1.26 GHz to 7.08 GHz frequency (L, S, and C band). Moreover, the response of the 1×2 horizontal and 2×1 vertical array structure showed the wideband frequency in the 7.17 GHz to 13.62 GHz and 1.46 GHz to 9.53 GHz, respectively. Electromagnetic simulation software called CST has been used to design the metamaterial unit cell. The metamaterial has been displayed the multi-band characteristics such as L, S, C, X and K<sub>u</sub> bands with negative index material properties.</p>

scholarly journals Multi Beam Dielectric Lens Antenna for 5G Base Station

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (20) ◽  
pp. 5849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farizah Ansarudin ◽  
Tharek Abd Rahman ◽  
Yoshihide Yamada ◽  
Nurul Huda Abd Rahman ◽  
Kamilia Kamardin
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Pattern ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Beam Radiation ◽  
Lens Antenna ◽  
Millimetre Wave ◽  
Small Curvature ◽  
Lens Antennas ◽  
Base Station Antennas ◽  
Dielectric Lens

In the 5G mobile system, new features such as millimetre wave operation, small cell size and multi beam are requested at base stations. At millimetre wave, the base station antennas become very small in size, which is about 30 cm; thus, dielectric lens antennas that have excellent multi beam radiation pattern performance are suitable candidates. For base station application, the lens antennas with small thickness and small curvature are requested for light weight and ease of installation. In this paper, a new lens shaping method for thin and small lens curvature is proposed. In order to develop the thin lens antenna, comparisons of antenna structures with conventional aperture distribution lens and Abbe’s sine lens are made. Moreover, multi beam radiation pattern of three types of lenses are compared. As a result, the thin and small curvature of the proposed lens and an excellent multi beam radiation pattern are ensured.

scholarly journals A Review of Various Approaches for Beam Steering in Lens Antenna Authors Avinash Saroj

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avinash Saroj ◽  
Nitesh Kashyap
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Relative Phase ◽  
Beam Steering ◽  
Antenna Element ◽  
Wide Angle ◽  
Lens Antenna ◽  
Lens Antennas ◽  
Radar Systems

In this paper, we will be reviewing beam steering application using lens antenna. Various approaches are available for achieving beam steering of lens antennas for different applications and some of them will be reviewed here. In radar systems, beam steering is accomplished by switching the antenna element or changing the relative phase. Beam steering has major role for 5g due to the quasi optic layer. Beam steering can also be done by varying the refractive index. In most of these papers studies, we found out that beam steering overcomes the interference, improves gain, increases directivity and also save power. Wide angle is also achieved in lens antenna.

Experimental demonstration of negative refraction and subwavelength imaging by left-handed composite metamaterials

2006 ◽  
Vol 919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekmel Ozbay ◽  
Koray Aydin ◽  
Gonca Ozkan ◽  
Irfan Bulu
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Point Source ◽  
Negative Refraction ◽  
Plasma Frequency ◽  
Negative Refractive Index ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Transmission Band ◽  
Split Ring Resonator ◽  
Transmission Measurement ◽  
Left Handed

AbstractWe report a true left-handed (LH) behavior and focusing in a composite metamaterial consisting of periodically arranged split ring resonator (SRR) and wire structures. The magnetic resonance of the SRR structure is demonstrated by comparing the transmission spectra of SRRs with that of closed SRRs. We confirmed experimentally that the effective plasma frequency of the LH material composed of SRRs and wires is lower than the plasma frequency of the wires. A well-defined left-handed transmission band with a peak value of -1.2 dB (–0.3 dB/cm) is obtained. We also report the transmission characteristics of a 2D composite metamaterial (CMM) structure in free space. At the frequencies where left-handed transmission takes place, we experimentally confirmed that the CMM structure has effective negative refractive index. Phase shift between consecutive numbers of layers of CMM is measured and phase velocity is shown to be negative at the relevant frequency range. Refractive index values obtained from the refraction experiments and the phase measurements are in good agreement and the experimental results agree extremely well with the theoretical calculations. By measuring the refracted electromagnetic (EM) waves from a LHM slab, we found an effective refractive index of -1.86. A 2D scanning transmission measurement technique was used to measure the intensity distribution of the electromagnetic (EM) waves that radiate from the point source. The flat lens behavior of a 2D CMM slab was demonstrated for two different point source distances of ds = 0.5ë and ë. The full width at half maximum of the focused beams is 0.36ë and 0.4ë, respectively, which are both below the diffraction limit.

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