scholarly journals Ex Vivo Comparison of a UV-Polymerizable Methacrylate Adhesive versus an Inverting Pattern as the Second Layer of a Two-Layer Hand-Sewn Jejunal Anastomosis in Horses: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Augustin Lenoir ◽  
Bertrand R. M. Perrin ◽  
Olivier M. Lepage
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Current Version ◽  
Luminal Diameter ◽  
Peer Reviewing ◽  
Anastomosis Site ◽  
Mode Of Failure ◽  
Resection And Anastomosis ◽  
Diameter Reduction ◽  
Clinical Cases

Resection and anastomosis of small intestine during colic can lead to adhesions and recurrent colic. Several methods are available to reduce the rate of adhesions in the postoperative period, such as the use of serosal barriers. Surgical glues form a smooth surface, are fast to apply, and could reduce surgery time when performing anastomosis. A recently developed UV-polymerizable methacrylate adhesive (UV-PMA) is designed to anchor into the biological tissues’ top surface offering sealant and a smooth cover over the anastomosis site. This adhesive was used ex vivo on fifteen samples of equine jejunum as the second layer of a two-layer anastomosis (1L-UV-PMA group) and compared to a two-layer anastomosis (simple continuous pattern covered with a Cushing pattern; 2L-CT group), in terms of feasibility, bursting strength pressure (BSP), luminal diameter reduction (LDR), and time of construction. Data were analysed using a paired t-test or a chi2-test ( P < 0.05 ). The results showed no statistical difference in BSP, LDR, or any mode of failure between the two anastomosis types. However, the glue anastomosis formed a tunnel-like anastomosis and shredded under pressure, before apparition of leakage, preventing its usage in clinical cases with this methodology. It was concluded that modification of the technique is warranted before testing in clinical cases. A preprint of a former version of the manuscript is available on researchsquare.com, which was not conducted to print and publication after peer reviewing. Since then, the manuscript has been modified to this current version.

scholarly journals Ex Vivo Comparison of A UV-Polymerizable Methacrylate Adhesive Versus an Inverting Pattern as the Second Layer of a Two-Layer Hand-Sewn Jejunal Anastomosis in Horses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Augustin Lenoir ◽  
Bertrand Perrin ◽  
Olivier Lepage
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Suture Line ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Construction Time ◽  
Luminal Diameter ◽  
Anastomosis Site ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Resection And Anastomosis ◽  
Diameter Reduction

Abstract Background Jejunal anastomosis in horses with one- or two-layer conventional technique can lead to leaks at the anastomosis site and the possibility of severe septic peritonitis. The objective of this study was to compare the use of a recently designed UV-polymerizable methacrylate adhesive as the second layer of a two-layer anastomosis with a Cushing pattern.Fifteen fresh harvested jejunum segments were collected from horses euthanized for unrelated reasons and owner consent was obtained for research donation. Each segment was divided in 3 pieces, each assigned to 3 different groups. In 2L-CT group, resection and anastomosis was performed using a double-layer simple continuous/Cushing suture. In 1L-UV-PMA group, resection and anastomosis was performed using a single-layer continuous technique sealed with a UV-polymerizable methacrylate adhesive. Control group was left untouched. Anastomotic construction time of the second layer, Bursting Strength Pressure (BSP), Luminal Diameter Reduction (LDR), and mode of failure were measured and compared between groups.Results The construction time (Mean [95% CI]) was 3.02 min [2.50; 3.55] in 1L-UV-PMA group and 8.09 min [7.59; 8.61] in 2L-CT group. The difference was significant (P<0.001).The BSP (Mean [95% CI]) was 170.47 mmHg [146.29; 194.65] in 1L-UV-PMA group, 175.33 mmHg [156.83; 193.83] in 2L-CT group, and 189.93 mmHg [162.52; 217.34] in the control group. The difference was significant only between the 1L-UV-PMA group and the control group (P=0.04).The LDR (Mean [95% CI]) was 51% [47; 55] in 1L-UV-PMA group and 48% [43; 53] in 2L-CT group. The difference was not significant (P=0.26).Eight segments ruptured on the suture line in the 1L-UV-PMA group and six segments ruptured on the suture line in the 2L-CT group. The difference was not significant (P=0.36).On macroscopic evaluation, the 1L-UV-PMA anastomosis formed a tunnel-like anastomosis. After testing, some of the samples from the 1L-UV-PMA group showed shreds of glue detached from the serosa.Conclusions Complete covering of anastomosis with UV-PMA glue is comparable in terms of leaking pressure and Luminal Diameter Reduction but faster to perform than an inverting suture pattern. Modification of the technique is warranted to decrease tunneling at the anastomosis site.

scholarly journals Optical signatures of radiofrequency ablation in biological tissues

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pranav Lanka ◽  
Kalloor Joseph Francis ◽  
Hindrik Kruit ◽  
Andrea Farina ◽  
Rinaldo Cubeddu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiofrequency Ablation ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Tissue Response ◽  
Optical Monitoring ◽  
Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy ◽  
Spectral Changes ◽  
Scattering Spectra ◽  
Optical Behavior

AbstractAccurate monitoring of treatment is crucial in minimally-invasive radiofrequency ablation in oncology and cardiovascular disease. We investigated alterations in optical properties of ex-vivo bovine tissues of the liver, heart, muscle, and brain, undergoing the treatment. Time-domain diffuse optical spectroscopy was used, which enabled us to disentangle and quantify absorption and reduced scattering spectra. In addition to the well-known global (1) decrease in absorption, and (2) increase in reduced scattering, we uncovered new features based on sensitive detection of spectral changes. These absorption spectrum features are: (3) emergence of a peak around 840 nm, (4) redshift of the 760 nm deoxyhemoglobin peak, and (5) blueshift of the 970 nm water peak. Treatment temperatures above 100 °C led to (6) increased absorption at shorter wavelengths, and (7) further decrease in reduced scattering. This optical behavior provides new insights into tissue response to thermal treatment and sets the stage for optical monitoring of radiofrequency ablation.

scholarly journals Applications of Vibrational Spectroscopy for Analysis of Connective Tissues

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 922
Author(s):  
William Querido ◽  
Shital Kandel ◽  
Nancy Pleshko
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Vibrational Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Bone Properties ◽  
Composition And Structure

Advances in vibrational spectroscopy have propelled new insights into the molecular composition and structure of biological tissues. In this review, we discuss common modalities and techniques of vibrational spectroscopy, and present key examples to illustrate how they have been applied to enrich the assessment of connective tissues. In particular, we focus on applications of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), near infrared (NIR) and Raman spectroscopy to assess cartilage and bone properties. We present strengths and limitations of each approach and discuss how the combination of spectrometers with microscopes (hyperspectral imaging) and fiber optic probes have greatly advanced their biomedical applications. We show how these modalities may be used to evaluate virtually any type of sample (ex vivo, in situ or in vivo) and how “spectral fingerprints” can be interpreted to quantify outcomes related to tissue composition and quality. We highlight the unparalleled advantage of vibrational spectroscopy as a label-free and often nondestructive approach to assess properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM) associated with normal, developing, aging, pathological and treated tissues. We believe this review will assist readers not only in better understanding applications of FTIR, NIR and Raman spectroscopy, but also in implementing these approaches for their own research projects.

scholarly journals Optimized Mass Spectrometry Analysis Workflow with Polarimetric Guidance for ex vivo and in situ Sampling of Biological Tissues

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Woolman ◽  
Adam Gribble ◽  
Emma Bluemke ◽  
Jing Zou ◽  
Manuela Ventura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Analysis Workflow

A robust ex vivo method to evaluate the diffusion properties of agents in biological tissues

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. e201800333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isa Carneiro ◽  
Sónia Carvalho ◽  
Rui Henrique ◽  
Luís M. Oliveira ◽  
Valery V. Tuchin
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Diffusion Properties

A study of the dielectric properties of biological tissues: Ex-vivo vs preserved samples

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina L. Alborova ◽  
Julian Bonello ◽  
Lourdes Farrugia ◽  
Charles V. Sammut ◽  
Lesya N. Anishchenko
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Biological Tissues

Intraocular Pressure Estimation Method Based on Vibration Propagation Characteristics According to Structure Contact

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 (1) ◽  
pp. 5552-5554
Author(s):  
Kim Deukha ◽  
Seongwook Jeon ◽  
Won June Lee ◽  
Junhong Park
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Deep Learning Algorithm ◽  
Cross Correlation Analysis ◽  
Porcine Eyes

Intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement is one of the basic tests performed in ophthalmology and is known to be an important risk factor for the development and progression of glaucoma. Measurement of IOP is important for assessing response to treatment and monitoring the progression of the disease in glaucoma. In this study, we investigate a method for measuring IOP using the characteristics of vibration propagation generated when the structure is in contact with the eyeball. The response was measured using an accelerometer and a force sensitive resistor to determine the correlation between the IOP. Experiment was performed using ex-vivo porcine eyes. To control the IOP, a needle of the infusion line connected with the water bottle was inserted into the porcine eyes through the limbus. A cross correlation analysis between the accelerometer and the force sensitive resistor was performed to derive a vibration factor that indicate the change in IOP. In order to analyze the degree of influence of biological tissues such as the eyelid, silicon was placed between the structure and the eyeball. The Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) deep learning algorithm was used to predict IOP based on the vibration factor.

scholarly journals Tetracosahexaenoylethanolamide, a novel N-acylethanolamide, is elevated in ischemia and increases neuronal output

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
pp. 1480-1490
Author(s):  
Lin Lin ◽  
Adam H. Metherel ◽  
Mathieu Di Miceli ◽  
Zhen Liu ◽  
Cigdem Sahin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleus Accumbens ◽  
Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Acid Amide ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Transient Transfection Assay ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Neuronal Output

N-acylethanolamines (NAEs) are endogenous lipid-signaling molecules derived from fatty acids that regulate numerous biological functions, including in the brain. Interestingly, NAEs are elevated in the absence of fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and following CO2-induced ischemia/hypercapnia, suggesting a neuroprotective response. Tetracosahexaenoic acid (THA) is a product and precursor to DHA; however, the NAE product, tetracosahexaenoylethanolamide (THEA), has never been reported. Presently, THEA was chemically synthesized as an authentic standard to confirm THEA presence in biological tissues. Whole brains were collected and analyzed for unesterified THA, total THA, and THEA in wild-type and FAAH-KO mice that were euthanized by either head-focused microwave fixation, CO2 + microwave, or CO2 only. PPAR activity by transient transfection assay and ex vivo neuronal output in medium spiny neurons (MSNs) of the nucleus accumbens by patch clamp electrophysiology were determined following THEA exposure. THEA in the wild-type mice was nearly doubled (P < 0.05) following ischemia/hypercapnia (CO2 euthanization) and up to 12 times higher (P < 0.001) in the FAAH-KO compared with wild-type. THEA did not increase (P > 0.05) transcriptional activity of PPARs relative to control, but 100 nM of THEA increased (P < 0.001) neuronal output in MSNs of the nucleus accumbens. Here were identify a novel NAE, THEA, in the brain that is elevated upon ischemia/hypercapnia and by KO of the FAAH enzyme. While THEA did not activate PPAR, it augmented the excitability of MSNs in the nucleus accumbens. Overall, our results suggest that THEA is a novel NAE that is produced in the brain upon ischemia/hypercapnia and regulates neuronal excitation.

scholarly journals Numerical Sensitivity Analysis for Dielectric Characterization of Biological Samples by Open-Ended Probe Technique

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (13) ◽  
pp. 3756
Author(s):  
Marta Cavagnaro ◽  
Giuseppe Ruvio
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
High Water ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Fundamental Aspect ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Insertion Depth ◽  
Dielectric Characterization

Dielectric characterization of biological tissues has become a fundamental aspect of the design of medical treatments based on electromagnetic energy delivery and their pre-treatment planning. Among several measuring techniques proposed in the literature, broadband and minimally-invasive open-ended probe measurements are best-suited for biological tissues. However, several challenges related to measurement accuracy arise when dealing with biological tissues in both ex vivo and in vivo scenarios such as very constrained set-ups in terms of limited sample size and probe positioning. By means of the Finite Integration Technique in the CST Studio Suite® software, the numerical accuracy of the reconstruction of the complex permittivity of a high water-content tissue such as liver and a low water-content tissue such as fat is evaluated for different sample dimensions, different location of the probe, and considering the influence of the background environment. It is found that for high water-content tissues, the insertion depth of the probe into the sample is the most critical parameter on the accuracy of the reconstruction. Whereas when low water-content tissues are measured, the probe could be simply placed in contact with the surface of the sample but a deeper and wider sample is required to mitigate biasing effects from the background environment. The numerical analysis proves to be a valid tool to assess the suitability of a measurement set-up for a target accuracy threshold.

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