scholarly journals Assessing the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Cigarette Smokers and Use of Alternative Nicotine Delivery Systems in Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Abdul Hameed ◽  
Daud Malik
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Harm Reduction ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Weak Link ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Tobacco Harm Reduction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Nicotine Delivery

Background. This research has been conducted to assess smokers’ knowledge and behavior vis-à-vis combustible smoking cessation, prevalence, and risk, and the use of alternative nicotine delivery systems to quit smoking. Methods. A mixed-method approach utilizing cross section primary survey data and comprising descriptive and s-KAP index analysis has been adopted to ascertain the relationship between dependent and independent s-KAP variables; the principal component analysis methodology has been used to determine the use of alternative nicotine delivery systems. Results. Most of the smokers were aged between 15 and 35 years. A predominant 69.8% of the smokers came from middle-class background. Moreover, 71.3% were unaware of any alternative Tobacco Harm Reduction product. A majority of the respondents (68.2%) were keen to quit smoking. However, when asked why they had not succeeded, 52.9% reported addiction to nicotine as the main impediment. In Pakistan, lack of smoking cessation services is the weak link in the fight against the tobacco epidemic. Smokers are generally unaware of the Tobacco Harm Reduction products available in Pakistan; moreover, only 10.9% of the respondents were willing to spend more than Rs. 4000 per month on Tobacco Harm Reduction products. The average s-KAP score for young adults below the age of 20 was much lower than the national average but improved with the level of education. Interestingly, the score of smokers who had ever tried to quit smoking was slightly higher than that of those who had never tried to quit. Conclusion. There is intent to quit combustible smoking but the policy and infrastructure necessary for successful quitting are missing. Pakistan needs to concentrate on two fronts: a large scale awareness campaign against the use and harms of combustible smoking and simultaneously providing affordable and accessible smoking services across the country. Pakistan should look at the use and regulation of safer nicotine products in the UK. The country should carefully weigh the options of ensuring how to incorporate the use of safer nicotine delivery systems in its tobacco control efforts.

Women and Tobacco Harm Reduction in Appalachia, Ohio

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
Amy K. Ferketich ◽  
Phyllis Pirie ◽  
Mary Ellen Wewers ◽  
Dalisa Barquero ◽  
Sheetal Hardikar
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Harm Reduction ◽  
Reduction Product ◽  
Appalachian Region ◽  
Tobacco Harm Reduction ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Disease Risks

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to extend research regarding the perceptions smokers have of the advantages and disadvantages of using potential reduced exposure products (PREPs). Five focus groups with female current smokers were conducted in the Appalachian region of Ohio. The semistructured discussion guide was developed to capture information on reasons why women smoke, why and how they quit smoking, and reasons why women would switch to PREPs. The results suggest that these smokers did not express enthusiasm for using PREPs as an aid to smoking cessation or as a harm reduction product. In general, the concept of harm reduction in the sense of reducing disease risks did not engage the participants. Early in the discussion the women had identified some problems caused by their smoking and later PREPs were viewed as reducing these. The results suggest that PREPs may be attractive to some smokers because they offer benefits that other products lack.

scholarly journals Longitudinal transitions of exclusive and polytobacco electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) use among youth, young adults and adults in the USA: findings from the PATH Study Waves 1–3 (2013–2016)

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (Suppl 3) ◽  
pp. s147-s154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassandra A Stanton ◽  
Eva Sharma ◽  
Kathryn C Edwards ◽  
Michael J Halenar ◽  
Kristie A Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems ◽  
Nicotine Delivery ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Reasons For Use

ObjectiveElectronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS; including e-cigarettes) are rapidly evolving in the US marketplace. This study reports cross-sectional prevalence and longitudinal pathways of ENDS use across 3 years, among US youth (12–17 years), young adults (18–24 years) and adults 25+ (25 years and older).DesignData were from the first three waves (2013–2016) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study, a nationally representative, longitudinal cohort study of US youth and adults. Respondents with data at all three waves (youth, n=11 046; young adults, n=6478; adults 25+, n=17 188) were included in longitudinal analyses.ResultsWeighted cross-sectional ever use of ENDS increased at each wave. Across all three waves, young adults had the highest percentages of past 12-month, past 30-day (P30D) and daily P30D ENDS use compared with youth and adults 25+. Only about a quarter of users had persistent P30D ENDS use at each wave. Most ENDS users were polytobacco users. Exclusive Wave 1 ENDS users had a higher proportion of subsequent discontinued any tobacco use compared with polytobacco ENDS users who also used cigarettes.ConclusionsENDS use is most common among young adults compared with youth and adults 25+. However, continued use of ENDS over 2 years is not common for any age group. Health education efforts to reduce the appeal and availability of ENDS products might focus on reducing ENDS experimentation, and on reaching the smaller subgroups of daily ENDS users to better understand their reasons for use.

scholarly journals Perceived Pain and Smoking Interrelations and Expectancies Are Associated With Pain and Smoking Cessation in Individuals With Mobility Impairments

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romano Endrighi ◽  
Nicolle Rueras ◽  
Shira I Dunsiger ◽  
Belinda Borrelli
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Lower Probability ◽  
Smoking Abstinence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mobility Impairments ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Perceived Pain

Abstract Introduction Smoking and pain are highly prevalent among individuals with mobility impairments (MIs; use assistive devices to ambulate). The role of pain-related smoking motives and expectancies in smoking cessation is unknown. We examined cross-sectional and prospective associations between a novel measure of pain-related smoking motives (how smokers with pain perceive their pain and smoking to be interrelated) and pain and smoking behavior in smokers with MI. Methods This is a secondary data analysis of a smoking cessation induction trial (N = 263; 55% female) in smokers with MI. Participants did not have to want to quit to enroll. Pain-related smoking motives and expectancies were assessed at baseline with the pain and smoking inventory (PSI) which measures perceived pain and smoking interrelations in three distinct but related domains (smoking to cope with pain, pain as a motivator of smoking and as a barrier to cessation). Other measures included pain occurrence and interference, nicotine dependence, motivation and self-efficacy to quit smoking, and number of cigarettes per day. Biochemically verified smoking abstinence was assessed at 6 months. Results PSI scores were significantly higher among smokers with chronic pain occurrence compared to occasional and to no occurrence (p < .002) and were associated with greater pain interference (ps < .01) and lower self-efficacy to quit smoking (ps < .01). In prospective analyses adjusted for age, treatment group, and chronic pain, only expectancies of smoking to help cope with pain predicted lower odds of abstinence. Conclusions Targeting expectancies of smoking as a mechanism to cope with pain may be useful in increasing smoking cessation in pain populations. Implications Individuals with MI have a high prevalence of smoking and pain, yet the extent to which this population perceives pain and smoking to be interrelated is unknown. This is the first article to examine prospective associations between a novel measure of perceived pain and smoking interrelations (PSI) and smoking outcomes. The PSI was associated with greater pain and lower self-efficacy for quitting. Prospectively, the PSI subscale tapping into expectancies that smoking help coping with pain predicted a lower probability of smoking abstinence. In smokers with MI, expectancies of smoking as pain-coping mechanism may be an important clinical target.

scholarly journals Proactive Telephone Smoking Cessation Counseling Tailored to Parents: Results of a Randomized Controlled Effectiveness Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (15) ◽  
pp. 2730
Author(s):  
Tessa Scheffers-van Schayck ◽  
Roy Otten ◽  
Rutger C.M.E. Engels ◽  
Marloes Kleinjan
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Telephone Counseling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Effectiveness Trial ◽  
Smoking Cessation Counseling ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Counseling Intervention ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Quit Smoking

A recent Dutch efficacy trial showed the efficacy of a telephone smoking cessation counseling tailored to smoking parents. Currently, it is unknown whether such telephone counseling would be effective under more real-world conditions. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of parent-tailored telephone smoking cessation counseling in a two-arm randomized controlled effectiveness trial and whether the effectiveness depended on the recruitment approaches that were used to recruit parents (mass media vs. health care). In total, 87 parents received either telephone counseling (intervention) or a self-help brochure (control). Parents were asked to complete questionnaires at baseline and three months post-intervention. Results showed that the odds of reporting 7-day point-prevalence abstinence at three months post-intervention was 7.54 higher for parents who received telephone counseling than for parents in the control condition (53.3% vs. 13.2%, 95% CI = 2.49–22.84). Because inclusion was lower than anticipated, interaction-effects of condition and recruitment approach could not be interpreted. The present study demonstrates that the parent-tailored smoking cessation telephone counseling is effective in helping parents to quit smoking. Yet, before large-scale implementation, future research should focus on how recruitment of parents via the recruitment approaches could be improved.

Applying a theory-based approach to identify determinants of dentists’ intention to adopt Canadian smoking cessation clinical guidelines in Quebec: A pilot study

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 593
Author(s):  
Pascaline Kengne Talla ◽  
Aimée Dawson ◽  
Marie-Pierre Gagnon ◽  
Jordie Croteau
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Clinical Guidelines ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Beliefs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intention To Adopt ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Individual Determinants ◽  
And Control

Introduction: Tobacco is a risk factor for many oral and systemic diseases and conditions. Many institutions recommend the use of clinical guidelines on smoking cessation to help people quit smoking. Yet, several studies also indicate that clinical guidelines are widely underutilized and study of this topic through a theoretical framework are scarce. The purpose of this study was to identify the underlying individual mechanisms which support dentists’ intention to adopt the Canadian smoking cessation clinical guidelines in Quebec, Canada.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on a sample of 59 dentists working in private practices between January and September 2016. The study was conducted using a validated and anonymous questionnaire based on a modified version of the Triandis’ Theory of Interpersonal Behaviour. The theoretical model was tested by multiple linear regression.Results: The adapted theoretical model explained 63% of variance in dentists’ intention to adopt these guidelines in their practices. The mains predictors of dentists’ intention were professional norm (β=0.85; p≤ 0.0001) and control beliefs (β=0.3; p= 0.01).Conclusions: Grounded in the theory, the results of this study give a first view of dentists’ individual determinants that could be targeted to develop successful ways of increasing the adoption of Canadian smoking cessation guidelines in dental settings. Further research is needed to confirm these results.

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