scholarly journals Water-Polymer Perturbation Characterization and Rules of Polymer Flooding in Offshore Heavy Oilfield

Geofluids ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Yuyang Liu ◽  
Xiaodong Kang ◽  
Zhijie Wei ◽  
Xudong Wang ◽  
Zhen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Polymer Flooding ◽  
Deep Impact ◽  
Pure Polymer ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Effect Of Water ◽  
Oil Exploitation ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Well Pattern

Water injectors and polymer injectors coexist after well pattern infilling in some offshore oilfields, which exerts a deep impact on oil exploitation. In order to quantitatively characterize the injected water-polymer perturbation degree and analyze perturbation laws, water-polymer perturbation coefficient is proposed and established by comparing the displacement process of water-polymer coflooding and pure polymer flooding, which quantifies the dynamic change of displacement volume of injected water and polymer, and controlling strategy is discussed correspondingly to improve the development effect of water-polymer coflooding. Finally, a field case is used to demonstrate this new evaluation method. The results show that water-polymer perturbation coefficient has a good correlation with oil increasing, and water-polymer coflooding process can be divided into five stages according polymer perturbation coefficient. In addition, water-polymer coflooding has a better oil increasing effect than pure polymer flooding at the initial stage, but for a long period, development effect of pure polymer flooding is much better. The result has a great significance to quantitatively characterize water-polymer perturbation degree and make adjustment measurements.

Melting and Crystallization of Poly(oxyethylene) Mixtures

1995 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 1855-1868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivo Lapeš ◽  
Josef Baldrian ◽  
Ján Biroš ◽  
Julius Pouchlý ◽  
Hanes Mio
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Lamellar Structure ◽  
Composition Dependence ◽  
Eutectic Phase ◽  
Eutectic Melting ◽  
Pure Polymer ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Melting And Crystallization

Solid-liquid eutectic phase diagrams of mixtures of poly(oxyethylene) (M.w. 2 000) with hydroxy and methoxy endgroups, crystallizing in extended-chain macroconformation only, with glutaric acid, benzoic acid or 1,2-diphenylethane are given. The composition dependence of the melting temperature can be fitted by the Flory-Huggins equation. Interaction parameters X and interaction energy densities B evaluated from the diluent branch of the phase diagram are consistent with those obtained from the polymer branch provided the calorimetric value of enthalpy of polymer fusion is used in the latter computation. Measurements of small- and wide-angle X-ray scatterings showed a stacked lamellar structure of POE. Below the eutectic melting point, the long period of the polymer is almost independent of the diluent concentration. On raising temperature gradually from this melting point to the melting point of pure polymer, the increasing long period indicates the penetration of the diluent between the lamellae. As follows from SAXS measurements, the crystallinity of poly(oxyethylene) in the mixtures remains unchanged compared to that of the pure polymer.

INTERACTION BETWEEN A FAMILY DOCTOR AND A DENTIST AT AN EARLY STAGE IN THE PREVENTION OF DISEASES OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (12(81)) ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
M. Ibragimov ◽  
Y. Heydarova ◽  
A. Alizade ◽  
L. Ibragimova
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Family Doctor ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Oral Manifestations ◽  
Family Doctors ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
The Relationship

This scientific article discusses the oral manifestations of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. This problem is relevant both for dentists and family doctors. In medicine, for a long period of time, the relationship between diseases affecting the gastrointestinal tract and their symptoms manifested in the oral cavity has been considered. Many scientists and physicians have dealt with this problem, their several opinions are presented in this article. There is a hypothesis among researchers that the oral cavity is a mirror in which all human diseases can be visible. In the oral cavity, most of the alterations occurring in the organism are manifested, due to which, with an attentive attitude to oral manifestations, the disease can be detected already at the initial stage.

Comparison of Different Methods for the Evaluation of Cavitation Damaged Surfaces

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Bachert ◽  
G. Ludwig ◽  
B. Stoffel ◽  
S. Baumgarten
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
White Light ◽  
Cavitation Erosion ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Special Device ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Rotating Disc ◽  
White Light Interferometer ◽  
Initial Stage

The experimental data which will be presented in this paper are the results of the comparison between different methods for evaluating damaged surfaces by cavitation erosion. The different methods are partly working in the initial stage of cavitation erosion and partly at developed cavitation erosion, where mass loss occurs. The used test rig consists basically of a rotating disc with a diameter of 500 mm on which four holes are located. Each hole generates a cavitation zone while the disc is rotating. The test objects are material specimens made of copper. Copper was used as test material in respect to reasonable durations for the tests. The specimen can be implemented in the casing of the test rig directly across the rotating disc on the diameter where the holes are located. This rotating disc test rig generates a very aggressive type of cavitation, so that mass loss, of course depending on the tested material, will appear after relatively short durations. Also the initial stage of cavitation erosion can be observed. The used test rig is very interesting regarding the possibility to apply different measuring techniques to characterize the erosive aggressiveness of cavitation. These techniques are at first the so-called Pitcount-Method, which allows investigations of cavitation erosion in the initial stage. The second one is an acoustic method, which is based on a structure-borne noise sensor and a specially developed signal processing system. The third method is the measuring of mass loss of the material specimen after several time steps. With the help of a CCD-camera and special digital image processing software, images of different cavitation conditions were recorded. The information obtained from these images should serve as support for the evaluation of the other used methods. After the evaluation with the above mentioned methods, the specimens were evaluated with a special device which works with the help of a white light interferometer. With this evaluation method three-dimensional information can be obtained in respect to the actually eroded volume of the specimens. With this information the lost mass of the specimens could be calculated directly. Especially the comparison of the results obtained from the Pitcount-Method, which is a two-dimensional evaluation method, and the three-dimensional results of the white light interferometer is an important point of the work within this paper.

The effect of water penetration into glass monitored by long-period fiber gratings

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Janczuk-Richter ◽  
Magdalena Dominik ◽  
Predrag Mikulic ◽  
Wojtek J. Bock ◽  
Liyang Shao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Gratings ◽  
Water Penetration ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Effect Of Water ◽  
Long Period Fiber Gratings

Experimental Investigations Concerning Erosive Aggressiveness of Cavitation at Different Test Configurations

Volume 3 ◽  
2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Bachert ◽  
M. Dular ◽  
S. Baumgarten ◽  
G. Ludwig ◽  
B. Stoffel
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Cavitation Erosion ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Cavitating Flows ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
The Third ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Test Objects

The experimental results, which will be presented in this paper, demonstrate the significant influence of the flow velocity, respectively the rotational speed, on the erosive aggressiveness of cavitating flows. On two of the three investigated test objects, cavitation erosion can only be observed in the initial stage by the so-called pit-count evaluation method. Developed erosion with mass loss is impossible to measure because of the very long duration until mass loss appears. The third test rig generates a very aggressive type of cavitation, so that mass loss, depending on the tested material, will appear after relatively short durations. In addition, the initial stage of cavitation erosion can be observed. Three different techniques were applied to investigate cavitation erosion in the initial and developed stage. Thereby, the capability of methods to quantify erosive effects in dependence of influencing operating parameters has been proven.

The Research on Effect Factors of the Polymer Flooding in Low Permeability Reservoir of Daqing Oilfield

2011 ◽  
Vol 383-390 ◽  
pp. 3809-3813
Author(s):  
Yong Li Wang ◽  
Tao Li ◽  
Zhi Guo Fu ◽  
Shu Xia Liu ◽  
Bai Lin Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Injection Rate ◽  
Polymer Flooding ◽  
Low Permeability ◽  
Effect Factors ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Low Permeability Reservoir ◽  
Well Pattern ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Enhance Oil Recovery

The pilot block is a heterogeneous reservoir with low permeability which is only 100-200(mD). Polymer flooding will be used to enhance oil recovery (EOR). Therefore, some experiment will be carried out in this pilot block .According to the simulation results, we can infer the effect factors of the polymer flooding such as concentration, injection rate, slug amounts, and well pattern. It gives us effective information for the field development plan.

scholarly journals Effect of the Width of Gaussian Wave Packets on the Stability of the Nuclei

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
Supriya Goyal
Keyword(s):  
Equations Of State ◽  
Wave Packets ◽  
Mass Region ◽  
Quantum Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Gaussian Wave Packets

The role of the range of interaction on the stability of the nuclei propagating with and without momentum dependent interactions is analyzed within the framework of Quantum Molecular Dynamics (QMD) model. A detailed study is carried out by taking different equations of state (i.e., static soft and hard and the momentum dependent soft and hard) for the selected nuclei from 12C to 197Au. Comparison is done by using the standard and the double width of the Gaussian wave packets. We find that the effect of the double width of the Gaussian wave packets on the stability of the initial stage nuclei cannot be neglected. The nuclei having double width do not emit free nucleons for a long period of time. Also, the ground state properties of all the nuclei are described well. In the low mass region, the obtained nuclei are less bound but stable. Heavy mass nuclei have proper binding energy and are stable.

A Novel Approach to Evaluate Deliverability of Gas Wells with Pressure Fluctuation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongbin Zhang ◽  
Xiongwei Sun ◽  
Xiaojia Bai ◽  
Wei Jia ◽  
Bo Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Fluctuation ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Well Testing ◽  
Wax Deposition ◽  
Gas Well ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Wellhead Pressure ◽  
Geological Conditions

Abstract Majority of gas fields in Tarim Basin are HPHT (high-pressure/high temperature) reservoirs with buried depth more than 5000m. The special geological conditions made it a challenge for underground well testing due to safety issues. Additionally, wellhead pressure fluctuation is widely existed both from geological and engineering factors, including sand production, well casing integrity problems, contamination of downhole fracturing fluid and wax deposition in wellbore etc. Traditional deliverability evaluation method which relies on underground well testing is greatly limited as it is not capable of reflecting the dynamic change of gas well deliverability due to abnormal wellhead pressure fluctuation. In this study, a new approach is proposed to evaluate the deliverability of these kind of wells using dynamic data from wellheads. An apparent and a potential deliverability curves are based on binomial deliverability equation are established individually according to whether the additional skin caused by wellbore blockage is taken into consideration. The variation characteristic of gas well deliverability is obtained by comparison of potential and apparent absolute open flow. Finally, field studies of Dina abnormal wells are performed to verify the accuracy of the method. Deliverability analysis show that the new approach has a great advantage in evaluating the production potential of wells with pressure fluctuation, and furtherly provides the criteria for wellbore management.

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