scholarly journals Selective Fermentation of Lactobacillus and Streptococcus In Vitro: Effects of Chinese Fermented Glutinous Rice on the Growth Promotion of Potential Probiotics

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Wenliang Ma ◽  
Xiao Ni ◽  
Ying Guo ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Chaojie Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Logarithmic Phase ◽  
Glutinous Rice ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
The Media ◽  
In Vitro Effects

A functional Chinese fermented glutinous rice has been developed with the supplementation of Fu brick tea (CRW-FBT). In this study, we aimed to evaluate its effect on the growth of potential probiotic strains in the Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, and Weissella genus, compared with traditional Chinese fermented glutinous rice (CRW). The growth profiles of lactic acid bacteria were analyzed based on fermentations in vitro, and the optical densities were recorded at 600 nm during the whole fermentation. Growth curve, maximum OD600 nm, and growth rate were measured and compared among samples with different ratios of CRW-FBT and CRW addition. Through the multiple analysis of growth parameters, we found that all the tested strains obtained better growth results when CRW-FBT was supplemented to the media, compared with the CRW and basic media. The bacterial growth was promoted by exhibiting the shortened lag time, prolonged logarithmic phase and stationary phase, and increased growth rate and cell density, as well as the better performance after 24 h and 48 h fermentation. Besides, short-chain fatty acids and organic acids in CRW-FBT were founded. Our work demonstrated the positive effect of Fu brick tea supplemented in the CRW and illustrated its beneficial role in the food fermentation industry for the purpose of microorganism enrichment and the improvement of microbial metabolism.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Experimental Mouth Rinses on Caries-Related Biofilms in vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josiana Steiger ◽  
Olivier Braissant ◽  
Tuomas Waltimo ◽  
Monika Astasov-Frauenhoffer
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Maximum Growth Rate ◽  
Screening Process ◽  
Mouth Rinses ◽  
Amine Fluoride

This study assessed the efficacy of tin and Polyethylenglycol (PEG-3) tallow aminopropylamine in different concentrations on Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) biofilms to establish a new screening process for different antimicrobial agents and to gain more information on the antibacterial effects of these agents on cariogenic biofilms. Isothermal microcalorimetry (IMC) was used to determine differences in two growth parameters: lag time and growth rate; additionally, reduction in active biofilms was calculated. Experimental mouth rinses with 400 and 800 ppm tin derived from stannous fluoride (SnF2) revealed results (43.4 and 49.9% active biofilm reduction, respectively) similar to meridol mouth rinse (400 ppm tin combined with 1,567 ppm PEG-3 tallow aminopropylamine; 55.3% active biofilm reduction) (p > 0.05), while no growth of S. mutans biofilms was detected during 72 h for samples treated with an experimental rinse containing 1,600 ppm tin (100% active biofilm reduction). Only the highest concentration (12,536 ppm) of rinses containing PEG-3 tallow aminopropylamine derived from amine fluoride (AmF) revealed comparable results to meridol (57.5% reduction in active biofilm). Lower concentrations of PEG-3 tallow aminopropylamine showed reductions of 16.9% for 3,134 ppm and 33.5% for 6,268 ppm. Maximum growth rate was significantly lower for all the samples containing SnF2 than for the samples containing control biofilms (p < 0.05); no differences were found between the control and all the PEG-3 tallow aminopropylamine (p > 0.05). The growth parameters showed high reproducibility rates within the treated groups of biofilms and for the controls; thus, the screening method provided reliable results.

Schistosoma japonicum: in vitro effects of artemether combined with haemin depend on cultivation media and appraisal of artemether products appearing in the media

2003 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 459-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-Hua Xiao ◽  
Yu-Lin Wu ◽  
Marcel Tanner ◽  
Wen-Min Wu ◽  
Jürg Utzinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Japonicum ◽  
The Media ◽  
In Vitro Effects

scholarly journals Effect of gelling agents on in vitro development of Amelanchier canadensis ‘Rainbow Pillar’

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Fira ◽  
K. Magyar-Tábori ◽  
I. Hudák ◽  
D. Clapa ◽  
J. Dobránszky
Keyword(s):  
Guar Gum ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Wheat Starch ◽  
Gelling Agent ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Gelling Agents ◽  
Shoot Number ◽  
The Media

In vitro shoot multiplication responses of Amelanchier canadensis ‘Rainbow Pillar’ were studied on media solidifi ed with different gelling agents. The media were gelled either with 6.8 g l-1 fi brous agar-agar, or 50.0 g l-1 wheat starch, or 20.0 g l-1 Guar gum, or 15 g l-1 Isubgol or 50.0 g l-1 wheat starch mixed with 0.5 g l-1 Phytagel. Shoot cultures were grown for two months, thereafter the multiplication rates (number of newly developed shoots per explant) were counted and the length of shoots were measured. We found that the highest shoot multiplication of Amelanchier canadensis ‘Rainbow Pillar’ occurred on media gelled with Guar gum, while the longest shoots developed on media with Starch. About four-fold shoot number were obtained on media with Guar gum compared to the weakest results found on media gelled with Isubgol. Finally, considering all factors (shoot growth parameters, costs) the most economical gelling agent for Amelanchier canadensis ‘Rainbow Pillar’ was proved to be wheat starch among the tested alternatives which allows a 75.6% cost reduction.

scholarly journals Characterization of Kazachstania slooffiae, a Proposed Commensal in the Porcine Gut

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Katie Lynn Summers ◽  
Juli Foster Frey ◽  
Ann M. Arfken
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Positive Interactions ◽  
Gut Health

Kazachstania slooffiae is a fungus commonly isolated from the gastrointestinal tract and feces of post-weaning pigs. Studies have implicated its ability to positively alter piglet gut health through potential symbioses with beneficial bacteria, including Lactobacillus and Prevotella, in providing amino acids as an energy source for microbial and piglet growth, and it has been found to be positively correlated with short-chain fatty acids in the piglet gut. However, basic mycological information remains limited, hampering in vitro studies. In this study, we characterized the growth parameters, biofilm formation ability, susceptibility to antimicrobials, and genetic relatedness of K. slooffiae to other fungal isolates. Optimal fungal growth conditions were determined, no antifungal resistance was found against multiple classes of antifungal drugs (azoles, echinocandins, polyenes, or pyrimidine analogues), and dimorphic growth was observed. K. slooffiae produced biofilms that became more complex in the presence of Lactobacillus acidophilus supernatant, suggesting positive interactions with this bacterium in the gut, while Enterococcus faecalis supernatant decreased density, suggesting an antagonistic interaction. This study characterizes the in vitro growth conditions that are optimal for further studies of K. slooffiae, which is an important step in defining the role and interactions of K. slooffiae in the porcine gut environment.

scholarly journals The Effect of Rhizobia Isolates Against Black Root Rot Disease of Faba Bean (Vicia faba L) Caused by Fusarium solani

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gedyon Tamiru ◽  
Diriba Muleta
Keyword(s):  
Faba Bean ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Shoot Height

Objective:Evaluate for potential biocontrol agent by assessing isolates forin vitroinhibitory efficacy, probable mechanisms to inhibit fungal pathogen and effect on growth of Faba bean infected withF. solani.Methods:The effect of Rhizobium isolates on the development of radial mycelium ofF. solaniin PDA medium were testedin vitro. The experiments were carried out using the dual culture technique. Isolates that showed inhibitory effect againstF. solaniin vitrowere tested to assess hydrolytic enzymes and growth promoting traits. Subsequently, the three Rhizobium isolates that showed the greatest inhibitions and their combinations were tested in the greenhouse againstF. solaniroot rot on seedlings by applying cell suspensions at three different times of exposure to the pathogen.Results:In dual culture, 27 rhizobium isolates inhibited the radial growth ofF. solanimycelium more than 25%. Isolates JU26(1), JU15(2) and Ho-1WG, inhibited fungal radial growth by 70.5 %, 64.7% and 63.7%, respectively. Among the 27 Rhizobium isolates tested for hydrolytic enzymes 26.1%, 44.4%, 14.8% were positive for chitinase, protease and lipase production, respectively. Chitinase, protease and lipase positive isolates showed significant fungal mycelia inhibition. Eight (29.6%) were positive for hydrogen cyanide production. Also, 24(88.8%) were positive for IAA production and over 50% formed visible dissolution haloes on PA. Concurrent production of protease, lipases, chitinase, IAA and phosphate solubilization coupled with anti-fungal activity suggests potential plant growth promotion and broad-spectrum bio control of these isolates. Furthermore, combination and Ho-1WG consistently reduced disease incidence and severity; and increased growth parameters on seedling in greenhouse at all times of application compared to diseased (control). Maximum disease severity (73.3%) reduction was observed with application of combination before the pathogen. The combination formulation provided the highest (48 cm/plant) shoot height when applied before the pathogen.Conclusion:Beneficial traits strongly assist the efficiency of candidate antagonists for desired biocontrol, emphasizing the value of concerted mechanisms of action. The result indicated the possible use of Rhizobial isolates as an alternative means of BRR management but further study is needed to verify actual use in agricultural production.

Efficacy testing of in vitro diazotrophic activity of Acinetobacter on the field growth of soybean

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Bhawsar ◽  
S. D. Patil
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Field Growth ◽  
Early Germination

Nitrogenase enzyme activity as a measure of nitrogen fixation by <italic>Acinetobacter</italic> genospecies3 A15 was found to be 49.56 μmoles ethylene/96h at 28°C. Efficacy testing of diazotrophic A15 inoculum for growth promotion at field I showed early germination, podding and flowering, increased post harvest parameters, freedom from weeds and diseases but complete absence of nitrogen fixing root nodules. The control plants were infected with mildew, stem rot and blights causing 36% mortality. The average yield of inoculated soybean was 12% over control. At field II, inoculated plants were poorly nodulated without indication of promotion of growth parameters or yield unlike control.

scholarly journals Effect of a novel animal milk oligosaccharide biosimilar on the gut microbial communities and metabolites of in vitro incubations using feline and canine fecal inocula

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia M Oba ◽  
Sara Vidal ◽  
Romain Wyss ◽  
Yong Miao ◽  
Yemi Adesokan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Mucosal Barrier ◽  
Fermentation System ◽  
Animal Milk ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Abstract Milk oligosaccharides (MO) confer multiple potential physiological benefits, such as the selective growth promotion of beneficial microbiota, inhibition of enteric pathogen growth and adhesion to enterocytes, maturation of the gut mucosal barrier, and modulation of the gastrointestinal immune system. This study was conducted to determine the fermentation potential of GNU100, an animal MO biosimilar, in an in vitro system using healthy canine and feline fecal inocula. Single feline and single canine fecal samples were used to inoculate a batch fermentation system. Tubes containing a blank control (BNC), GNU100 at 0.5% (5 g/L; GNU1), or GNU100 at 1.0% (10 g/L; GNU2) were incubated for 48 h. Gas pressure, pH, lactate, short-chain fatty acids (SCFA; acetate, propionate, and butyrate), and branched-chain fatty acids (BCFA; isobutyrate, isovalerate, and valerate) were measured after 6, 24, and 48 h. Ammonium and microbiota (total bacteria by flow cytometry and Pet-16Seq; Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium by quantitative polymerase chain reaction ) were measured after 24 and 48 h. Data were analyzed using the Mixed Models procedure of SAS. Substrates were considered to be a fixed effect and replicates considered to be a random effect. Tukey’s multiple comparison analysis was used to compare least squares means, with differences considered significant with P &lt; 0.05. In feline and canine incubations, SCFA increases were greater (P &lt; 0.0001) in GNU100 compared with BNC, with acetate making up the largest SCFA proportion (P &lt; 0.0001). GNU100 cultures led to greater increases (P &lt; 0.0001) in lactate and ammonium than BNC in the feline incubations. GNU100 cultures led to greater increases (P &lt; 0.0001) in ammonium than BNC in canine incubations and greater increases (P &lt; 0.0001) in BCFA than BNC in feline incubations. Pet-16Seq microbial profiles from the feline and canine fecal incubations exhibited a modulation after GNU100 fermentation, with a reduction of the genera Escherichia/Shigella and Salmonella. In feline incubations, Bifidobacterium populations had greater increases (P &lt; 0.0001) in GNU100 than BNC. In feline incubations, Lactobacillus populations had greater increases (P = 0.01) in GNU100 than BNC, with GNU1 leading to greater increases (P = 0.02) in Lactobacillus than BNC tubes in canine incubations. Overall, this study demonstrated that GNU100 was fermented in an in vitro fermentation system inoculated with canine and feline microbiota, resulting in the growth of beneficial bacteria and the production of SCFA, BCFA, and ammonium.

scholarly journals Utilization of indigenous endophytic bacteria (Bacillus spp.) for their beneficial effect on growth of Sugarcane

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (02) ◽  
pp. 169-172
Author(s):  
Beenu Shastri ◽  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
Ram Ji Lal
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Cane Yield ◽  
Subtilis Strain ◽  
Bacillus Spp

Sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrid) occupies an important position among the various commercial crops of India. It is the second most important agro-industrial crop, next only to cotton in the country. Among the various approaches, use of microorganisms is one of the crucial approaches for enhancement of crop production. In recent years, endophytic bacteria are gaining much attention towards the sustainable management of the agricultural crops. They not only help in the plant growth but also in alleviating the various stresses due to their multi-faceted role. In current study, two endophytic bacteria i.e. B. cereus (strain S8) and B. subtilis (strain S 17) isolated from the sugarcane root and stalk were evaluated for their plant growth promotion activity in vitro and as well as in vivo. Data indicated that the percentage germination was higher in B. cereus (S8) over B. subtilis (S 17) treated setts when observed after 45 days of planting. Various growth parameters viz., cane height, weight, number of shoots and internodes were also increased in the presence of endophytic bacterial inoculation over uninoculated control. Thus, it is concluded that sett treatment with indigenous endophytic bacteria (Bacillus spp.) can be exploited for enhancing cane yield and productivity in sugarcane culture.

scholarly journals HUMAN FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE (hFSH) AND THYROXINE (T4) IN SURVIVAL MAINTENANCE AND IN VITRO GROWTH PROMOTION OF CAPRINE PREANTRAL FOLLICLES

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-311
Author(s):  
Sanely Lourenço da Costa ◽  
Eduardo Paulino da Costa ◽  
Emílio César Martins Pereira ◽  
Wagner Gonzaga Gonçalves ◽  
Talita Fernandes da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
In Vitro Growth ◽  
Primordial Follicles ◽  
Preantral Follicles ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
The Media

The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction of human FSH (10ng/ml) with T4 (20ng/mL) on survival, activation and growth of preantral follicles cultured in vitro for 28 days. Fragments of non-cultured and cultured ovarian tissue were processed for classic histology and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed a reduction in the survival rate in all the media tested (one to 28 days) when compared to the fresh control. However the treatment with T4/hFSH for seven days of culture maintained the rate similar to the control. The media tested by one and 28 days reduced the percentage of primordial follicles in all periods of culture. However, T4/hFSH on day one of culture remained similar to the fresh control. None of the media were able to keep the percentage of the developing follicles. It was observed that the follicular diameter in the medium with T4/hFSH remained similar to the fresh control. The ultrastructural analysis confirmed the integrity of follicles cultured for seven days in a medium supplemented with T4/hFSH. In conclusion, the medium with T4/hFSH is able to maintain the survival, promote the activation, and the ultrastructural integrity of caprine preantral follicles for until seven days.

scholarly journals Control of Bacteria and Alteration of Plant Growth in Tissue Cultures of Tansy (Tanacetum vulgare L.) Treated with Antibiotics

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 631e-631
Author(s):  
M. Keskitalo ◽  
A. Pohto ◽  
M.L. Savela ◽  
J.P.T. Valkonen ◽  
E. Pehu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Tanacetum Vulgare ◽  
Rifampicin Treatment ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Shoot Number ◽  
The Media

Ten bacteria were isolated from the in vitro shoot cultures of different tansy (Tanacetum vulgare) genotypes. All isolates were Gram-negative. Five isolates belonged to Enterobacteriaceae, three isolates were strains of fluorescent Pseudomonas, and two isolates were strains of other aerobic bacteria. The combined treatment with gentamicin (50 mg·L–1) and rifampicin (25 mg·L–1) prevented the growth of all bacteria, whereas none of the antibiotics (ampicillin, cefotaxime, rifampicin, gentamicin, or streptomycin) controlled all bacteria when used alone. The antibiotics ranged based on their increasing adverse effects on shoot cultures as follows: rifampicin, cefotaxime, and gentamicin. Increased antibiotic concentration reduced the initiation and growth rates of shoots, roots and calli with some exceptions. Low concentrations of gentamicin and cefotaxime both increased the growth rate and shoot number per plant. Rifampicin stimulated the root growth of some of the biotypes tested. The growth rate of calli increased significantly in the presence of both gentamicin (25 mg·L–1) and rifampicin (25 mg·L–1) in the growth media, whereas the use of either antibiotic alone reduced the calli growth relative to the control. Viability of tansy protoplasts was enhanced by rifampicin and to a lesser extend by gentamicin and cefotaxime. The growth of bacteria isolated from tansy tissue culture can be prevented with a combined gentamicin and rifampicin treatment. The growth rate of plants decreased slightly when grown in the media supplemented with the same antibiotic combination. However, the growth retardation was not permanent, and the plants recovered and grew vigorously when transferred to antibiotic free medium.

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