scholarly journals Epidemiology and Natural History of Human Papillomavirus Infections in the Female Genital Tract

2006 ◽  
Vol 2006 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin A. Ault
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Pap Test ◽  
Genital Warts ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Cytologic Abnormalities ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesions

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common newly diagnosed sexually transmitted infection in the United States. Although the majority of sexually active adults will be infected with HPV at least once in their lives, it is sexually active women less than 25 years of age who consistently have the highest rates of infection. Besides youth and gender, common risk factors for HPV infection and clinical sequelae of infection include high number of sexual partners and coinfection with Chlamydia trachomatis or herpes simplex virus. Most HPV infections are cleared by the immune system and do not result in clinical complications. Clinical sequelae in cases of low-risk HPV infection consist of genital warts, and clinical manifestations of high-risk HPV infection include abnormal Pap test results, low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), and cervical cancer. LSIL, HSIL, and cervical cancer carry significant morbidity and/or mortality; genital warts and abnormal Pap test results are often significant sources of psychosocial distress. Currently, there are neither effective means of preventing HPV transmission nor cures for clinical manifestations: infection can only be prevented via complete sexual abstinence, while treatment for clinical sequelae such as genital warts and cytologic abnormalities consists of removing the problematic cells and watching for recurrence; this method consumes significant health care resources and is costly. New prophylactic HPV vaccines promise to dramatically reduce the incidence of HPV infection, genital warts, and cytologic abnormalities.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Human Papillomavirus Infection Among Women With Cervical Cytological Abnormalities in the Zhoupu District, Shanghai City, China, 2014–2019

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Li ◽  
Qing Liu ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Zhou Liu ◽  
Baoling Xing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Single Type ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions ◽  
Shanghai City ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesions ◽  
Type Infection ◽  
Multiple Type

Abstract Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the main cause of precancerous lesions and cervical cancer in women. To determine the epidemiological characteristics as well as the relationship between the HPV genotype and cytology test results among women, we retrospectively collected and analyzed the data from Zhoupu District hospital in Shanghai, China.Methods: We made a retrospective analysis of human papillomavirus prevalence rate of 23,724 women between 2014 and 2019 in the District Zhoupu of Shanghai City in China. Their cervical exfoliations were collected. HPV genotype testing was performed using a commercial kit designed to detect 21 HPV subtypes including 15 high-risk HPV subtypes(16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 66 ,68) and 6 low-risk HPV subtypes(6, 11, 42, 43, 44 and 81). And the thinPrep cytological test (TCT) was also performed at the same time.Results: Among all 23,724 cases, 3,816 (16.08%) women were infected with HPV. HPV52 (3.19%), HPV58 (2.47%) and HPV16 (2.34%) had higher prevalence. 3,480(91.20%) single-type infections were more common than 336(8.8%) multiple-type infections. Single-type infection was more frequently seen in women aged 50–60 years (16.63%) and <30 years (15.37%), and multiple-type infection was more common in those aged >= 60 (2.67%). Significant differences in secular trends from 2014 to 2019 were observed for subtypes HPV52, 58 and 16.HPV positive rates of women changed significantly along with the time period from 2014 to 2019.Among 4,502 TCT positive women, 15 (4.04%), 125 (2.64%) ,159 (1.54%), 4,202(17.71%) and 1(0.004%) had atypical squamous cells (ASC), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), atypical glandular cells (AGC) and cervical adenocarcinoma respectively. The HPV infection rates were 66.08%, 63.99%, 115.20%, 119.50%, and 31.72% for NILM, AGCs, HSILs LSILs and ASCs, respectively.Conclusions: HPV and TCT screening were a key step in the secondary prevention of cervical cancer. Further tracking the results of HPV and TCT was an important clinical strategy for the treatment of cervical precancerous lesions. The widespread use of preventive HPV vaccines can significantly reduce the incidence of pre-neoplastic and neoplastic cervical lesions.

scholarly journals Knowledge of human papillomavirus and Pap test among Brazilian university students

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 625-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aimée Denzeler Baptista ◽  
Carolina Xavier Simão ◽  
Vitoria Carvalho Guimarães dos Santos ◽  
Juliana Gil Melgaço ◽  
Silvia Maria Baeta Cavalcanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
University Students ◽  
Pap Test ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Cancer Information ◽  
Papanicolaou Test ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Increased Risk

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most prevalent sexually transmitted virus in the world and is associated with an increased risk of cervical cancer. The most effective approach to cervical cancer control continues to be screening through the preventive Papanicolaou test (Pap test). This study analyzes the knowledge of university students of health science programs as well as undergraduate courses in other areas of knowledge on important questions regarding HPV. METHOD: Four hundred and seventy-three university students completed a questionnaire assessing their overall knowledge regarding HPV infection, cervical cancer, and the Pap test. A descriptive analysis is presented, and multivariate analysis using logistic regression identified factors associated with HPV/cervical cancer information. RESULTS: Knowledge was higher for simple HPV-related and Pap test questions but was lower for HPV interrelations with genital warts and cervical cancer. Being from the health science fields and having high income were factors associated with greater knowledge. Only the minority of the participants recognized all the situations that increased the risk of virus infection presented in the questionnaire. CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight the need for educational campaigns regarding HPV infection, its potential as a cervical cancer agent and the forms of prevention available.

scholarly journals Clinical comparison of two human papillomavirus detection assays: GenoFlow and reverse line blot

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 97-103
Author(s):  
Fatimah S Alhamlan ◽  
Hadeel H Khayat ◽  
Dalia A Obeid ◽  
Asma M Tulba ◽  
Teejan S Baduwais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Reverse Line Blot ◽  
Outpatient Clinics ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Hpv Genotypes ◽  
Hpv Types

Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is typically critical in the oncogenesis of cervical cancer. However, available HPV detection kits differ in their ability and sensitivity to detect various types of HPV, and this variability has led to inconsistencies in the reporting of the geographic prevalence of HPV types, especially in developing countries. Here, we compared results of the recently developed GenoFlow HPV array test, which detects 33 HPV genotypes, to those of the well-established reverse line blot (RLB) assay, which detects 23 HPV types. Methodology: In total, 608 cervical specimens with cytology results ranging from normal to cancer were collected using an endocervical brush from women attending outpatient clinics in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Results: Sixty-nine specimens (11%) were positive for HPV. HPV genotype detection using the GenoFlow test had a sensitivity of 62% and a specificity of 100%. Overall agreement between the two HPV genotyping methods was 97%, with a concordance rate of 95%. Among the GenoFlow test results, 2% indicated additional HPV types that were not detected in the RLB assay, whereas the GenoFlow test missed 0.3% of the HPV types that were detected by the RLB; however, both tests were in agreement in detecting all major HPV types. Conclusion: The GenoFlow test was reliable, with results comparable to the RLB test. However, because the GenoFlow test is less labor-intensive and takes less total time (3 hours), it is a promising, affordable alternative to the RLB for HPV diagnosis and screening programs.

scholarly journals Human papillomavirus infection and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia progression are associated with increased vaginal microbiome diversity in a Chinese cohort

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulian Chen ◽  
Xingdi Qiu ◽  
Wenjing Wang ◽  
Dong Li ◽  
Anyue Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Vaginal Microbiome ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Level ◽  
Chinese Cohort ◽  
Bacterial Richness ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesions

Abstract Background: In this study, the association between human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and related cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) or cervical cancer and vaginal microbiome was evaluated in Chinese cohorts. Methods: The vaginal bacterial composition of five groups, HPV-infected women without CINs (HPV, n=78), women with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL, n=51), women with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL, n=23), women with invasive cervical cancer (Cancer, n=9) and healthy women without HPV infection (Normal, n=68), was characterized by deep sequencing of barcoded 16S rRNA gene fragments (V3-4) using Illumina MiSeq. Results: HPV infection increased vaginal bacterial richness and diversity regardless of the status of CINs. The vaginal bacterial richness and diversity were further augmented in women with cervical cancer. Lactobacillus was the most abundant genus in all groups. HPV infection had a negative influence on the abundances of Lactobacillus, Gardnerella and Atopobium. Accordingly, HPV infection increased the relative abundance of Prevotella, Bacillus, Anaerococcus, Sneathia, Megasphaera, Streptococcus and Anaerococcus. The increased proportions of Bacillus, Anaerococcus and the reduced abundance of Gradnerella vaginalis were probably related with the progression of CINs severity. HPV infection without CINs or cancerous lesions was strongly associated with Megasphaera. The most abundant bacterium in the LSIL group was Prevotella amnii. However, Prevotella timonensis, Shuttleworthia and Streptococcaceae at the family level were three taxa related to HSIL. Furthermore, more taxa were associated with the Cancer group including Bacillus, Sneathia, Acidovorax, Oceanobacillus profundus, Fusobacterium, Veillonellaceae at the family level, Anaerococcus and Porphyromonas uenonis. Samples in the Normal group were mostly assigned to CST III. HPV infection converted the vaginal bacterial community structure from CST III to CST IV. Furthermore, the proportions of CST IV were gradually augmented with the progression of the severity of CINs.Conclusions: This work interpreted the differential vaginal bacteria under HPV infection and various precancerous or cancerous lesions in a Chinese cohort. We distinguished the specific microbes and the vaginal bacterial structure that were related with the progression of CINs severity in Chinese women.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus Infection and Cervical Cancer Screening among Riverside Women of the Brazilian Amazon

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (07) ◽  
pp. 350-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Duarte ◽  
Rodrigo Vieira ◽  
Elza Brito ◽  
Maria Pinheiro ◽  
Jeniffer Monteiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Pap Test ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Hpv 16 ◽  
Hpv 18

Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the overall and type-specific prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among females living in riverside communities in the state of Pará, in the Eastern Brazilian Amazon. These communities are inhabited by low-income people, and are accessible only by small boats. Cervical cytology and risk factors for HPV infection were also assessed. Methods Cervical samples from 353 women of selected communities were collected both for Papanicolau (Pap) test and HPV detection. Conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time PCR were used to assess the overall and type-specific prevalence of HPV-16 and HPV-18, the main oncogenic types worldwide. Epidemiological questionnaires were used for the assessment of the risk factors for HPV infection. Results The mean age of the participants was 37 years (standard deviation [SD] ± 13.7). Most were married or with a fixed sexual partner (79%), and had a low educational level (80%) and family monthly income (< U$ 250; 53%). Overall, HPV prevalence was 16.4% (n = 58), with 8 cases of HPV-16 (2.3%) and 5 of HPV-18 (1.4%). Almost 70% of the women surveyed had never undergone the Pap test. Abnormal cytology results were found in 27.5% (n = 97) of the samples, with higher rates of HPV infection according to the severity of the lesions (p = 0.026). Conclusions The infections by HPV-16 and HPV-18 were not predominant in our study, despite the high prevalence of overall HPV infection. Nevertheless, the oncogenic potential of these types and the low coverage of the Pap test among women from riverside communities demonstrate a potential risk for the development of cervical lesions and their progression to cervical cancer, since the access to these communities is difficult and, in most cases, these women do not have access to primary care and public health services.

scholarly journals Progress in the Research on the Relationship between Infection with Human Papillomavirus and Tumorigenesis

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 99-104
Author(s):  
Jin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Mucous Membranes ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
High Risk Hpv ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractHuman papillomavirus (HPV) is a DNA virus that infects the skin and mucous membranes of the human body. Approximately 80% of sexually active women are likely infected with HPV. Cervical cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors and is second in incidence only to breast cancer. Infection with high-risk HPV types is the main risk factor for cervical cancer, which is currently the only malignant tumor with a clearly defined etiology. HPV infection is also closely related to the incidence and development of other malignant tumors. In addition to cervical cancer, HPV can cause other urogenital tumors, as well as tumors in the digestive tract, lungs, eyes, skin, and other organ systems. This paper provides a review of the progress in HPV infection-related research and provides novel ideas for the study of tumor etiology and mechanisms.

scholarly journals Characteristics of human papillomavirus infection among women with cervical cytological abnormalities in the Zhoupu District, Shanghai City, China, 2014–2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Li ◽  
Qing Liu ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Zhou Liu ◽  
Baoling Xing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Single Type ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesions

Abstract Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is currently the main cause of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions in female patients. By analyzing 6-year patient data from Shanghai Zhoupu Hospital in China, we retrospectively analyzed the epidemiological characteristics of women to determine the relationship between HPV genotype and cytological test results.Methods: From 2014 to 2019, 23,724 cases of cervical shedding were collected from Zhoupu Hospital in Shanghai, China. By comparing the results of HPV and ThinPrep cytology test (TCT), the HPV infection rate of patients was retrospectively analyzed. HPV genotyping using commercial kits can detect 21 HPV subtypes (15 high-risk and 6 low-risk). According to the definition of the Bethesda system, seven types of cervical cytology results were involved.Results: 3,816 among 23,724 women, nearly 16.08%, were infected with HPV. The top three highest HPV prevalence rates were high-risk type infection, including HPV52 (3.19%), 58 (2.47%) and 16 (2.34%). The number of single-type HPV infections (3,480 (91.20%)) was much larger than the number of multi-type ones (336 (8.8%)). Single-type infections were mainly in women aged 50-60 (16.63%) and women under 30 (15.37%), while multi-type infections were more common in women over 60 (2.67%). By analyzing the long-term trends, between 2014 and 2019, HPV52, 58, and 16 subtypes changed significantly, and the HPV positive rate also changed significantly during this period.Among 4,502 TCT positive women, 15 (4.04%), 125 (2.64%) ,159 (1.54%), 4,202(17.71%) and 1(0.004%) had atypical glandular cells (AGC), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), atypical squamous cells (ASC)and cervical adenocarcinoma, respectively. The HPV infection rates were 66.08%, 63.99%, 115.20%, 119.50%, and 31.72% for NILM, AGCs, HSILs LSILs and ASCs, respectively.Conclusions: HPV and TCT screening were very important steps in the secondary prevention of cervical cancer. Through the tracking and analysis of HPV and TCT results in this study, it can provide valuable information for Shanghai's HPV screening and prevention strategies, and provide references for clinical decision-making in the treatment of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions.

scholarly journals Characteristics of human papillomavirus infection among women with cervical cytological abnormalities in the Zhoupu District, Shanghai City, China, 2014–2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Li ◽  
Qing Liu ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Zhou Liu ◽  
Baoling Xing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Single Type ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesions

Abstract Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is currently the main cause of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions in female patients. By analyzing 6-year patient data from Shanghai Zhoupu Hospital in China, we retrospectively analyzed the epidemiological characteristics of women to determine the relationship between HPV genotype and cytological test results. Methods From 2014 to 2019, 23,724 cases of cervical shedding were collected from Zhoupu Hospital in Shanghai, China. By comparing the results of HPV and ThinPrep cytology test (TCT), the HPV infection rate of patients was retrospectively analyzed. HPV genotyping using commercial kits can detect 21 HPV subtypes (15 high-risk and 6 low-risk). According to the definition of the Bethesda system, seven types of cervical cytology results were involved. Results 3816 among 23,724 women, nearly 16.08%, were infected with HPV. The top three highest HPV prevalence rates were high-risk type infection, including HPV52 (3.19%), 58 (2.47%) and 16 (2.34%). The number of single-type HPV infections (3480 (91.20%)) was much larger than the number of multi-type ones (336 (8.8%)). Single-type infections were mainly in women aged 50–60 (16.63%) and women under 30 (15.37%), while multi-type infections were more common in women over 60 (2.67%). By analyzing the long-term trends, between 2014 and 2019, HPV52, 58, and 16 subtypes changed significantly, and the HPV positive rate also changed significantly during this period. Among 4502 TCT positive women, 15 (4.04%), 125 (2.64%),159 (1.54%), 4202 (17.71%) and 1 (0.004%) had atypical glandular cells (AGC), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), atypical squamous cells (ASC)and cervical adenocarcinoma, respectively. The HPV infection rates were 66.08%, 63.99%, 115.20%, 119.50%, and 31.72% for NILM, AGCs, HSILs LSILs and ASCs, respectively. Conclusions HPV and TCT screening were very important steps in the secondary prevention of cervical cancer. Through the tracking and analysis of HPV and TCT results in this study, it can provide valuable information for Shanghai's HPV screening and prevention strategies, and provide references for clinical decision-making in the treatment of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions.

scholarly journals Prevalence and type distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) in Malaysian women with and without cervical cancer: an updated estimate

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shing Cheng Tan ◽  
Mohd Pazudin Ismail ◽  
Daniel Roza Duski ◽  
Nor Hayati Othman ◽  
Ravindran Ankathil
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Pap Test ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Single Type ◽  
Type Distribution ◽  
Cervical Cell ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Malaysian Women

Information on the prevalence and type distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) among Malaysian women is currently limited. The present study therefore aimed to provide an updated estimate on the prevalence and type distribution of HPV among Malaysian women with and without cervical cancer. Total DNA was isolated from the cervical cell specimens of 185 histopathologically confirmed cervical cancer patients and 209 cancer-free healthy females who were tested negative in a recent Pap test. Viral-specific DNA was subsequently amplified with biotinylated primers and hybridized to HPV type-specific probes via a proprietary “flow-through hybridization” process for determination of HPV genotype. It was demonstrated that 83.2% of the cervical cancer patients and none (0.0%) of the cancer-free females were positive for HPV infection. Among HPV-positive subjects, 14 different viral genotypes were observed, namely HPV16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 45, 52, 53, 58, 66/68, 73, 81, 82, and 84/26. A total of 91.6% of the HPV-positive subjects had single-type HPV infections and the remaining 8.4% were simultaneously infected by two HPV genotypes. The most common HPV infections found were HPV16 (35.7%), HPV18 (26.0%), HPV58 (9.1%), and HPV33 (7.1%) single-type infections, followed by HPV16 + HPV18 co-infections (5.2%). The study has successfully provided an updated estimate on the prevalence and type distribution of HPV among Malaysian women with and without cervical cancer. These findings could contribute valuable information for appraisal of the impact and cost-effectiveness of prophylactic HPV vaccines in the Malaysian population.

scholarly journals Distribution of human papillomavirus types, cervical cancer screening history, and risk factors for infection in Manitoba

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 177-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Demers ◽  
B. Shearer ◽  
A. Severini ◽  
R. Lotocki ◽  
E.V. Kliewer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Pap Test ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Hpv Typing ◽  
Number Of Sexual Partners ◽  
Screening History

Objectives We conducted a study to investigate the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections in an opportunistic sample of women in Manitoba, Canada. We inquired about risk factors associated with HPV infections and linked the HPV typing results with the cervical cancer screening history of the participants. Methods The study population included 592 women attending Papanicolaou (Pap) test clinics. After signing a consent form, participants were given a self-administered questionnaire on risk factors and received a conventional Pap test. Residual cells from the Pap tests were collected and sent for HPV typing. Results The mean age of the population was 43 years. A total of 115 participants (19.4%) had an HPV infection, 89 of whom had a normal Pap test. Of those who were HPV-positive, 61 (10.3%) had high-risk (Group 1) HPV. HPV-16 was the most prevalent type (15/115: 13.0% of infections). The most consistent risk factors for HPV infection were young age, Aboriginal ethnicity, higher lifetime number of sexual partners and higher number of sexual partners in the previous year. Conclusion The prevalence of HPV types in Manitoba is consistent with the distributions reported in other jurisdictions. These data provide baseline information on type-specific HPV prevalence in an unvaccinated population and can be useful in evaluating the effectiveness of the HPV immunization program. An added benefit is in the validation of a proof of concept which links a population-based Pap registry to laboratory test results and a risk behaviour survey to assess early and late outcomes of HPV infection. This methodology could be applied to other jurisdictions across Canada where such capacities exist.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document