scholarly journals Abstract 3068: Everolimus mediated Radioprotection on surrounding healthy tissue in glioblastoma microbrain models

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tithi Ghosh Halder ◽  
Ryan Rodriguez del Villar ◽  
Jerome Lacombe ◽  
Kevin Drenner ◽  
Serina Ng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Tissue ◽  
Surrounding Healthy Tissue

scholarly journals Nanoparticles in enhancing microwave imaging and microwave Hyperthermia effect for liver cancer treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-236
Author(s):  
Walaa Maamoun ◽  
Mohamed I. Badawi ◽  
Ayman A Aly ◽  
Y. Khedr
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Microwave Imaging ◽  
Healthy Tissue ◽  
Cancer Tissue ◽  
Hyperthermia Treatment ◽  
Hyperthermia Therapy ◽  
Surrounding Healthy Tissue

Abstract Hyperthermia therapy is a promising therapy for liver cancer treatment that utilizes external electromagnetic waves to heat the tumor zone to preferentially kill or minimize cancer cells. Nevertheless, it’s a challenge to realize localized heating of the cancer tissue without harming the surrounding healthy tissue. This research proposes to utilize nanoparticles as microwave absorbers to enhance microwave imaging and achieve localized hyperthermia therapy. A realistic 3D abdomen model has been segmented using 3D Slicer segmentation software, and then the obtained segmented CAD model exported to Computer Simulation Technology (CST STUDIO) for applying the Finite Element Modeling (FEM). Next investigating both imaging and treatment capability. Finally, the specific absorption rate (SAR) and temperature distribution were computed without nanoparticles and with different types of nanoparticles such as gold (GNPs) and silver nanoparticles at frequency 915 MHz. By comparing the achived results, it was seen that Silver nanoparticles can make a great enhancement in raising the temperature. However, this result was unsatisfactory but, after adding gold nanoparticles the temperature exceed 42°C, at frequency 915 MHz which is achieving the hyperthermia treatment without harming the nearby healthy tissue, GNPs also can achieve a great enhancement in SAR result

scholarly journals Non-lobar atelectasis generates inflammation and structural alveolar injury in the surrounding healthy tissue during mechanical ventilation

Critical Care ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Retamal ◽  
Bruno Curty Bergamini ◽  
Alysson R Carvalho ◽  
Fernando A Bozza ◽  
Gisella Borzone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Healthy Tissue ◽  
Surrounding Healthy Tissue

scholarly journals Distinct nitrogen isotopic compositions of healthy and cancerous tissue in mice brain and head&neck micro-biopsies

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Straub ◽  
D. M. Sigman ◽  
A. Auderset ◽  
J. Ollivier ◽  
B. Petit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Metabolism ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Nitrogen Isotope ◽  
Isotopic Analysis ◽  
Healthy Tissue ◽  
Tissue Type ◽  
Cancer Tissue ◽  
Neck Tumors ◽  
Surrounding Healthy Tissue ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Background Cancerous cells can recycle metabolic ammonium for their growth. As this ammonium has a low nitrogen isotope ratio (15N/14N), its recycling may cause cancer tissue to have lower 15N/14N than surrounding healthy tissue. We investigated whether, within a given tissue type in individual mice, tumoral and healthy tissues could be distinguished based on their 15N/14N. Methods Micro-biopsies of murine tumors and adjacent tissues were analyzed for 15N/14N using novel high-sensitivity methods. Isotopic analysis was pursued in Nude and C57BL/6 mice models with mature orthotopic brain and head&neck tumors generated by implantation of H454 and MEERL95 murine cells, respectively. Results In the 7 mice analyzed, the brain tumors had distinctly lower 15N/14N than healthy neural tissue. In the 5 mice with head&neck tumors, the difference was smaller and more variable. This was at least partly due to infiltration of healthy head&neck tissue by tumor cells. However, it may also indicate that the 15N/14N difference between tumoral and healthy tissue depends on the nitrogen metabolism of the healthy organ in question. Conclusions The findings, coupled with the high sensitivity of the 15N/14N measurement method used here, suggest a new approach for micro-biopsy-based diagnosis of malignancy as well as an avenue for investigation of cancer metabolism.

scholarly journals Modulation of nanoparticle uptake, intracellular distribution, and retention with docetaxel to enhance radiotherapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (1106) ◽  
pp. 20190742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Henry Bannister ◽  
Kyle Bromma ◽  
Wonmo Sung ◽  
Mesa Monica ◽  
Leah Cicon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Linear Accelerator ◽  
Normal Tissue ◽  
Healthy Tissue ◽  
Triple Combination ◽  
Concurrent Treatment ◽  
Important Target ◽  
Normal Tissue Toxicity ◽  
Therapeutic Results ◽  
Surrounding Healthy Tissue

Objective: One of the major issues in current radiotherapy (RT) is the normal tissue toxicity. A smart combination of agents within the tumor would allow lowering the RT dose required while minimizing the damage to healthy tissue surrounding the tumor. We chose gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and docetaxel (DTX) as our choice of two radiosensitizing agents. They have a different mechanism of action which could lead to a synergistic effect. Our first goal was to assess the variation in GNP uptake, distribution, and retention in the presence of DTX. Our second goal was to assess the therapeutic results of the triple combination, RT/GNPs/DTX. Methods: We used HeLa and MDA-MB-231 cells for our study. Cells were incubated with GNPs (0.2 nM) in the absence and presence of DTX (50 nM) for 24 h to determine uptake, distribution, and retention of NPs. For RT experiments, treated cells were given a 2 Gy dose of 6 MV photons using a linear accelerator. Results: Concurrent treatment of DTX and GNPs resulted in over 85% retention of GNPs in tumor cells. DTX treatment also forced GNPs to be closer to the most important target, the nucleus, resulting in a decrease in cell survival and increase in DNA damage with the triple combination of RT/ GNPs/DTX vs RT/DTX. Our experimental therapeutic results were supported by Monte Carlo simulations. Conclusion: The ability to not only trap GNPs at clinically feasible doses but also to retain them within the cells could lead to meaningful fractionated treatments in future combined cancer therapy. Furthermore, the suggested triple combination of RT/GNPs/DTX may allow lowering the RT dose to spare surrounding healthy tissue. Advances in knowledge: This is the first study to show intracellular GNP transport disruption by DTX, and its advantage in radiosensitization.

Electric current density distribution in planar solid tumor and its surrounding healthy tissue generated by an electrode elliptic array used in electrotherapy

2010 ◽  
Vol 80 (9) ◽  
pp. 1886-1902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Ramírez Aguilera ◽  
Luis Enrique Bergues Cabrales ◽  
Héctor Manuel Camué Ciria ◽  
Yudelmis Soler Pérez ◽  
Fidel Gilart González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Density Distribution ◽  
Electric Current ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Solid Tumor ◽  
Current Density Distribution ◽  
Healthy Tissue ◽  
Electric Current Density ◽  
Surrounding Healthy Tissue

A catalogue of cancer-driving mutations in healthy tissue

Nature ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 580 (7805) ◽  
pp. 595-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria L. Bae-Jump ◽  
Douglas A. Levine
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Tissue

Radiation oncology and functional imaging

2005 ◽  
Vol 44 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S38-S40
Author(s):  
Th. Herrmann
Keyword(s):  
Functional Imaging ◽  
Radiation Oncology ◽  
Bronchogenic Carcinoma ◽  
Brain Tumours ◽  
Tumour Volume ◽  
Target Volume ◽  
Head And Neck Tumours ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Surrounding Healthy Tissue ◽  
Prostate Carcinomas

Summary:PET/CT imaging is most likely to be of use in radiation oncology with patients who have poorly defined target volume areas, e.g. brain tumours, bronchogenic carcinoma, and cases of miscellaneous geographical miss. Other tumours that call for dose escalated radiotherapy, such as head and neck tumours, bronchogenic carcinoma, and prostate carcinomas may further benefit from an accurate delineation of the metabolically active tumour volume and its differentiation from surrounding healthy tissue, or tumour atelectasis.

scholarly journals Gene expression profile in functioning and non-functioning nodules of autonomous multinodular goiter from an area of iodine deficiency: unexpected common characteristics between the two entities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Agretti ◽  
G. De Marco ◽  
E. Ferrarini ◽  
C. Di Cosmo ◽  
L. Montanelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Gene Expression Profile ◽  
Expression Profile ◽  
Multinodular Goiter ◽  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Wnt Signaling Pathway ◽  
Iodine Intake ◽  
Healthy Tissue ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Complement Components

Abstract Purpose Toxic multinodular goiter is a heterogeneous disease associated with hyperthyroidism frequently detected in areas with deficient iodine intake, and functioning and non-functioning nodules, characterized by increased proliferation but opposite functional activity, may coexist in the same gland. To understand the distinct molecular pathology of each entity present in the same gland, the gene expression profile was evaluated by using the Affymetrix technology. Methods Total RNA was extracted from nodular and healthy tissues of two patients and double-strand cDNA was synthesized. Biotinylated cRNA was obtained and, after chemical fragmentation, was hybridized on U133A and B arrays. Each array was stained and the acquired images were analyzed to obtain the expression levels of the transcripts. Both functioning and non-functioning nodules were compared versus healthy tissue of the corresponding patient. Results About 16% of genes were modulated in functioning nodules, while in non-functioning nodules only 9% of genes were modulated with respect to the healthy tissue. In functioning nodules of both patients and up-regulation of cyclin D1 and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 was observed, suggesting the presence of a possible feedback control of proliferation. Complement components C1s, C7 and C3 were down-regulated in both types of nodules, suggesting a silencing of the innate immune response. Cellular fibronectin precursor was up-regulated in both functioning nodules suggesting a possible increase of endothelial cells. Finally, Frizzled-1 was down-regulated only in functioning nodules, suggesting a role of Wnt signaling pathway in the proliferation and differentiation of these tumors. None of the thyroid-specific gene was deregulated in microarray analysis. Conclusion In conclusion, the main finding from our data is a similar modulation for both kinds of nodules in genes possibly implicated in thyroid growth.

scholarly journals Supervised Machine Learning Methods and Hyperspectral Imaging Techniques Jointly Applied for Brain Cancer Classification

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 3827
Author(s):  
Gemma Urbanos ◽  
Alberto Martín ◽  
Guillermo Vázquez ◽  
Marta Villanueva ◽  
Manuel Villa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Blood Vessel ◽  
Hyperspectral Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Healthy Tissue ◽  
Supervised Machine Learning ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Arterial Blood

Hyperspectral imaging techniques (HSI) do not require contact with patients and are non-ionizing as well as non-invasive. As a consequence, they have been extensively applied in the medical field. HSI is being combined with machine learning (ML) processes to obtain models to assist in diagnosis. In particular, the combination of these techniques has proven to be a reliable aid in the differentiation of healthy and tumor tissue during brain tumor surgery. ML algorithms such as support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF) and convolutional neural networks (CNN) are used to make predictions and provide in-vivo visualizations that may assist neurosurgeons in being more precise, hence reducing damages to healthy tissue. In this work, thirteen in-vivo hyperspectral images from twelve different patients with high-grade gliomas (grade III and IV) have been selected to train SVM, RF and CNN classifiers. Five different classes have been defined during the experiments: healthy tissue, tumor, venous blood vessel, arterial blood vessel and dura mater. Overall accuracy (OACC) results vary from 60% to 95% depending on the training conditions. Finally, as far as the contribution of each band to the OACC is concerned, the results obtained in this work are 3.81 times greater than those reported in the literature.

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