The Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire in the Evaluation of Eating Behaviour in Subjects Seeking Participation in a Dietotherapy Programme

Abstract Objectives: Obesity is a serious public health issue. Investigating the eating behaviour of individuals plays an important role in preventing obesity. Therefore, the purpose of the current study is to adapt the long and first version of the ‘Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire’ (TFEQ), a scale that examines the eating behaviour of individuals, to Turkish culture and to carry out its validity and reliability study. Design: The data were collected using data collection forms, and anthropometric measurements of the individuals were made by the researchers. The data collection form included several parameters: socio-demographic characteristics, the TFEQ scale, whose validity and reliability analysis is conducted here, and the Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (DEBQ) which was used as a parallel form. Setting: The Obesity Clinic at Ege University in Izmir. Participants: The study group consisted of obese adult individuals (n 257). Results: It was seen that constructing the questionnaire with twenty-seven items and four sub-dimensions provides better information about Turkish obese individuals. Factor loadings ranged from 0·421 to 0·846, and item total score correlations ranged from 0·214 to 0·558. Cronbach’s α coefficient was found to be 0·639 for the whole scale. A positive, strong and statistically significant correlation was detected between TFEQ and DEBQ, which was used as a parallel form (r = 0·519, P < 0·001). Conclusion: In Turkey, the long version of the TFEQ scale was found valid and reliable for obese adult individuals. TFEQ can be used by clinicians or researchers to study the eating behaviour of obese individuals.

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Validation of a child version of the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire in a Canadian sample: a psychometric tool for the evaluation of eating behaviour

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s136898001800349x ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 431-443

Author(s):

Jaime-lee Yabsley ◽

Katie E Gunnell ◽

Eleanor J Bryant ◽

Vicky Drapeau ◽

David Thivel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Children And Adolescents ◽

Eating Behaviour ◽

High Protein ◽

Future Research ◽

Taste Preferences ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

High Fat ◽

Three Factor Eating Questionnaire ◽

Uncontrolled Eating ◽

Three Factor

AbstractObjectiveTo examine score validity and reliability of a child version of the twenty-one-item Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (CTFEQ-R21) in a sample of Canadian children and adolescents and its relationship with BMI Z-score and food/taste preferences.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingSchool-based.ParticipantsChildren (n 158), sixty-three boys (mean age 11·5 (sd 1·6) years) and ninety-five girls (11·9 (sd 1·9) years).ResultsExploratory factor analysis revealed that the CTFEQ-R21 was best represented by four factors with item 17 removed (CFFEQ-R20), representing Cognitive Restraint (CR), Cognitive Uncontrolled Eating (UE 1), External Uncontrolled Eating (UE 2) and Emotional Eating (EE), accounting for 41·2 % of the total common variance with good scale reliability. ANOVA revealed that younger children reported higher UE 1 and CR scores than older children, and boys who reported high UE 1 scores had significantly higher BMI Z-scores. Children with high UE 1 scores reported a greater preference for high-protein and -fat foods, and high-fat savoury (HFSA) and high-fat sweet (HFSW) foods. Higher preference for high-protein, -fat and -carbohydrate foods, and HFSA, HFSW and low-fat savoury foods was found in children with high UE 2 scores.ConclusionsThe study suggests that the CFFEQ-R20 can be used to measure eating behaviour traits and associations with BMI Z-score and food/taste preferences in Canadian children and adolescents. Future research is needed to examine the validity of the questionnaire in larger samples and other geographical locations, as well as the inclusion of extraneous variables such as parental eating or socio-economic status.

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The Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire and BMI in adolescents: results from the Québec Family Study

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114510001662 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 104 (7) ◽

pp. 1074-1079 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

A. R. Gallant ◽

A. Tremblay ◽

L. Pérusse ◽

C. Bouchard ◽

J.-P. Després ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Family Study ◽

Eating Behaviour ◽

Female Adolescents ◽

Flexible Control ◽

Cognitive Restraint ◽

Quebec Family Study ◽

Dietary Records ◽

Three Factor Eating Questionnaire ◽

Three Factor

Eating behaviour traits are associated with body weight variations in adults. The Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ) measures cognitive restraint, disinhibition and hunger, as well as their corresponding subscales, e.g. rigid and flexible control. The TFEQ has not been widely used in adolescents to investigate eating behaviour traits associated with body weight. The aim of the present study was to assess whether eating behaviour traits were associated with BMI in male and female adolescents. Sixty adolescents (thirty females and thirty males; mean age 15·0 (sd 2·4) years) from the Québec Family Study completed the TFEQ and 3 d dietary records. There were no sex differences in the TFEQ scores. Rigid control, disinhibition and emotional susceptibility (to overeat) were positively related to BMI z-scores for the entire sample (r 0·3, P < 0·05). There was a positive relationship between BMI z-scores and rigid control (r 0·39, P < 0·05) in females, while BMI z-scores were positively related to emotional susceptibility (r 0·42, P < 0·02) and disinhibition (r 0·41, P < 0·03) in males. Adolescents characterised by both high disinhibition and high rigid control had significantly higher BMI z-scores than those by both low disinhibition and low rigid control. There were no significant differences in BMI z-scores between the flexible control categories. Dietary macronutrient content was not consistently related to eating behaviour traits. These results show that the eating behaviour traits of disinhibition and rigid control are independently related to BMI z-scores in this group of adolescents.

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CHANGES IN EATING BEHAVIOUR OF YOUNG PEOPLE WITH DIFFERENT BODY WEIGHT

Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії ◽

10.31718/2077-1096.20.2.138 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 138-144

Author(s):

L.M. Kolinko

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Weight ◽

Young People ◽

Body Mass ◽

Eating Behaviour ◽

The Body ◽

Class I ◽

Obesity Class ◽

Three Factor Eating Questionnaire ◽

Three Factor

Along with the excess food consumption and the sedentary lifestyle, dysregulation of eating behaviour contributes much to the development of overweight and obesity and often becomes a component of pathogenesis in the number of diseases and conditions. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of eating behaviour in young people with normal body weight, overweight and with obesity class I. The study included 96 individuals aged 18–25. There were evaluated anthropometric parameters and the body fat percentage by the circumference measuring. Based on the body mass index, all subjects were divided into 3 sex-balanced groups of 32 individuals in each: a group with body mass index ranging from 18,5 to 24,9 kg/m2, a group with increased body weight (body mass index from 25,00 to 29,99 kg/m2), and a group with obese class I individuals (body mass index from 30,00 to 34,99 kg/m2). A Dutch Eating behaviour Questionnaire and a 3-factor Stunkard, Three-factor Eating questionnaire - 18 were used to assess eating behaviour. The results were processed statistically. Results. According to the findings obtained by using the Dutch Eating behaviour Questionnaire, the restrictive type of eating disorders was more prevalent in male individuals with obesity class I and in female individuals of all groups. The external type was more pronounced in the men of all groups studied. According to the findings of Three-factor Eating questionnaire - 18, the cognitive restriction type was found as a dominant type of eating behavioural disorders. Between the indicators of eating disorder types according to the Dutch Eating behaviour Questionnaire and Three-factor Eating questionnaire - 18 and anthropometric indicators there has been found mainly positive correlation of high and medium strength in the individuals with normal weight, while the negative correlation of high and medium strength has been detected in the overweight and obese individuals of both sexes. The results obtained point out the need in individualized approach in modifications of the dietary pattern in young people, the importance of mandatory psychological correction, and their combining with other components of weight loss strategies.

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Three Factor Eating Questionnaire

PsycTESTS Dataset ◽

10.1037/t02178-000 ◽

1985 ◽

Author(s):

Albert J. Stunkard ◽

Samuel Messick

Keyword(s):

Three Factor Eating Questionnaire ◽

Three Factor

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Examination of the Eating Behavior of the Hungarian Population Based on the TFEQ-R21 Model

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12113514 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (11) ◽

pp. 3514

Author(s):

Zoltán Szakály ◽

Bence Kovács ◽

Márk Szakály ◽

Dorka T. Nagy-Pető ◽

Tímea Gál ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Eating Behavior ◽

Emotional Eating ◽

Population Based ◽

Eating Attitudes ◽

Multivariate Statistical ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽

Reduction Techniques ◽

Three Factor Eating Questionnaire ◽

And Cluster Analysis ◽

Three Factor

Several theories have emerged to study types of eating behavior leading to obesity, but most of the applied models are mainly related to food choice decisions and food consumer behavior. The purpose of this paper was to examine the eating attitudes of Hungarian consumers by applying the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ-R21). The national representative questionnaire involved 1000 individuals in Hungary in 2019. Several multivariate statistical techniques were applied for the data analysis: exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, multivariate data reduction techniques, and cluster analysis. This study successfully managed to distinguish the following factors: emotional eating, uncontrolled eating, and cognitive restraint. By using the factors, five clusters were identified: Uncontrolled Emotional Eaters; Overweight, Uncontrolled Eaters; Controlled, Conscious Eaters; the Uninterested; and the Rejecters; all of these could be addressed by public health policy with individually tailored messages. The empirical results led to rejection of the original Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ-R21), while the TFEQ-R16 model could be validated on a representative sample of adults, for the first time in Hungary.

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