Antihypertensive Effect of Volume Depletion: Interrelation with Renal Prostaglandins

Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against blood vessel walls as the heart pumps out blood, and high blood pressure, also called hypertension, is an increase in the amount of force that blood places on blood vessels as it moves through the body. Factors that can increase this force include higher blood volume due to extra fluid in the blood and blood vessels that are narrow, stiff, or clogged(1). High blood pressure can damage blood vessels in the kidneys, reducing their ability to work properly. When the force of blood flow is high, blood vessels stretch so blood flows more easily. Eventually, this stretching scars and weakens blood vessels throughout the body, including those in the kidneys.

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Evaluation of Osmotic Diuresis and Volume Depletion Events in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) Receiving Ertugliflozin

Diabetes ◽

10.2337/db18-1169-p ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. 1169-P

Author(s):

SHRITA M. PATEL ◽

MARY A. HICKMAN ◽

ROBERT FREDERICH ◽

BRETT LAURING ◽

STEVEN TERRA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Volume Depletion ◽

Osmotic Diuresis

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Strong and sustained antihypertensive effect of small interfering RNA targeting liver angiotensinogen.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.735638136.793578613 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Costas Tsioufis

Keyword(s):

Small Interfering Rna ◽

Antihypertensive Effect ◽

Rna Targeting ◽

Interfering Rna

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FEATURES OF FLUID REDISTRIBUTION DURING GOAL-DIRECTED INFUSION THERAPY OF HIGH SURGICAL RISK PATIENTS IN URGENT SURGERY

International Medical Journal ◽

10.37436/2308-5274-2019-3-5 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 29-32

Author(s):

Olha Viktorivna Kravets

Keyword(s):

Infusion Therapy ◽

Volume Depletion ◽

Surgical Risk ◽

Mild Degree ◽

Urgent Surgery ◽

Post Surgery ◽

Fluid Redistribution ◽

High Surgical Risk ◽

Moderate Volume ◽

Risk Patients

One of the basic components of intensive treatment of patients with an urgent abdominal pathology is perioperative infusion therapy. To analyze the perioperative dynamics of the water sectors of a body in the patients with a high surgical risk with acute abdominal pathology, a targeted regimen of infusion therapy was used to examine 35 patients. Perioperative targeted infusion therapy was carried out with balanced crystalloid solutions. With the non−invasive bioelectric rheography, the indices of water sectors of a body were studied. On the first day, the extracellular sector volume overflow was established due to an increase in interstitial volume. From the second day, the excess volumes of intravascular fluid and plasma were determined. On the third day there was a deficit of all the studied indices. On the fifth day of the post−surgery period, volumetric depletion of mild degree was noted. From the seventh to the tenth days, all the studied parameters to normal were reliably restored. A targeted regimen of infusion therapy in such patients was concluded to correct a moderate volume depletion on the tenth day after surgery by an excessive increase in plasma volume after six hours of treatment, the development of interstitial edema in the first two days, and the formation of mild volumetric depletion from third to seventh day. Key words: water sectors, goal−direct infusion therapy, depletion, urgent surgery, high surgical risk.

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Ruta montana evokes antihypertensive activity through increase of prosta-glandins release in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats

Endocrine Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1871530320666200628025430 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

Author(s):

El-Ouady Fadwa ◽

Mohamed Eddouks

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Antihypertensive Effect ◽

Antihypertensive Activity ◽

Computer Assisted ◽

Hypertensive Rats ◽

Vasorelaxant Effect ◽

Vasorelaxant Activity ◽

Ruta Montana

Aims: The aim of the study was to investigate experimentally the antihypertensive effect of Ruta Montana. Background: Ruta montana L. is traditionally used in Moroccan herbal medicine to treat hypertension. This study aimed to evaluate experimentally the hypotensive and vasoactive properties of this plant. Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of the aqueous extract of Ruta Montana on blood pressure parameters in LNAME-induced hypertensive rats and to determine the vasorelaxant activity of this aqueous extract. Methods: The antihypertensive effect of the aqueous extract obtained from Ruta montana aerial parts (RMAPAE) (200 mg/kg) was evaluated in normal and anesthetized hypertensive rats. Blood pressure parameters (systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean blood pressure (MBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP)) and heart rate were measured using a tail-cuff and a computer-assisted monitoring device. The acute and chronic effect of RMAPAE was recorded during 6 hours for the acute experiment and during 7 days for the sub-chronic test. In the other set, the vasorelaxant effect of RMAPAE on the contractile response was undertaken in isolated thoracic aorta. Results: The results indicated that RMAPAE extract significantly decreased SBP, MBP, DBP and heart rate in L-NAMEinduced hypertensive rats. Furthermore, RMAPAE was demonstrated to induce a dose dependent relaxation in the aorta precontracted with Epinephrine or KCl. More interestingly, this vasorelaxant activity of RMAPAE seems to be probably mediated through the prostaglandins pathway. Conclusion: The present study illustrates the beneficial action of Ruta montana on hypertension and supports then its use as an antihypertensive agent.

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The possible regulatory mechanisms of aqueous, ethyl acetate and nhexane fractions of the Ribes khorassanicum extract on acute hypertension in rats

Endocrine Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1871530320666201104114609 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

Author(s):

Reza Mohebbati ◽

Yasamin Kamkar-De ◽

Mohammad Naser Shafei

Keyword(s):

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Antihypertensive Effect ◽

Cardiovascular Responses ◽

Regulatory Mechanisms ◽

Hypertensive Rats ◽

Control Groups ◽

Acute Hypertension ◽

The North ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control

Objective: Our previous studies showed the antihypertensive effect of Ribes khorassanicum (R. khorassanicum), a medicinal herb growing in the North Khorasan Province of Iran. For further evaluation, the present study investigated the effect of n-hexane (HX), ethyl acetate (EA), and aqueous (AQ) fractions of hydroalcoholic R. khorassanicum extract on cardiovascular responses in angiotensin II (AngII) and NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) hypertensive rats. Methods: Wistar rats were randomly divided into 11 groups (n=5): 1) control, 2) AngII (50 ng/kg, i.v), 3) AngII + losartan (10 mg/kg, i.p), 4) L-NAME (10 mg/kg, i.v), 5) L-NAME+ sodium nitroprusside (SNP) (50 mg/kg, i.p), 6,7,8) one dose of each fraction of R. khorassanicum (AQ/EA/HX (50 mg/kg, i.p)) +AngII, and 9,10,11) one dose of each fraction of R. khorassanicum (AQ/EA/HX (50 mg/kg, i.p)) + L-NAME. Treated rats received three fractions 30 min before the injection of L-NAME and AngII in separate groups. The cardiovascular parameters were recorded by the Power Lab instrument via an angiocath inserted into the femoral artery. The peak changes (∆) of mean arterial pressure (MAP), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and heart rate (HR) in treated groups were compared with those of the hypertensive and control groups. Result: AngII and L-NAME significantly increased ∆MAP and ∆SBP and attenuated by pretreatment of LOS and SNP, respectively. Pretreatment with polar (AQ) and semipolar (EA) fractions of R. khorassanicum reduced the peak changes of MAP and SBP in both AngII and L-NAME-treated groups. Only the fraction of the herb attenuated the HR increased in the L-NAME group. The HR in other groups did not demonstrate any significant difference. Conclusion: All fractions of R. khorassanicum have an antihypertensive effect. However, the effect of polar fractions is more salient. It is also conceivable that the antihypertensive effect of fractions is mostly mediated by the inhibition of AngII.

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