scholarly journals Serum Lipid and Adiponectin Improvements after a Mediterranean Dietary Pattern in Non-G-Allele Carriers of the Variant rs3774261

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 164-171
Author(s):  
Daniel A. de Luis ◽  
David Primo ◽  
Olatz Izaola ◽  
Emilia Gómez ◽  
Rosario Bachiller
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Hypocaloric Diet ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Mediterranean Dietary Pattern

<b><i>Background:</i></b> The role of adiponectin (<i>ADIPOQ</i>) polymorphisms in weight loss and serum lipid changes following different dietary interventions remain unclear. The Mediterranean dietary pattern has been associated with improved cardiovascular risk factors in different studies. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> Our aim was to analyze the effects of a hypocaloric diet with a Mediterranean dietary pattern on the metabolic response and adiposity parameters, taking into account the 712 G/A rs3774261 polymorphisms in <i>ADIPOQ</i>. <b><i>Design:</i></b> A population of 135 obese patients was enrolled. Anthropometric and serum parameters (lipid profile, insulin, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance [HOMA-IR], glucose, C-reactive protein [CRP], adiponectin, resistin, and leptin levels) were measured before and after the dietary intervention (12 weeks). All of the patients were genotyped for the rs3774261 polymorphism. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The genotype distribution of this population was 36 patients with AA (26.7%), 68 patients with AG (50.4%), and 31 patients with GG (22.9%). After the dietary intervention and in both genotypes, BMI, weight, fat mass, systolic blood pressure, waist circumference, glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, and leptin levels all decreased. After the dietary intervention with secondary weight loss and in non-G-allele carriers (AA vs. AG+GG), total cholesterol (Δ = –15.7 ± 3.9 vs. –4.9 ± 2.9 mg/dL; <i>p</i> = 0.02), LDL cholesterol (Δ = –15.3 ± 3.8 vs. –1.7 ± 1.9 mg/dL; <i>p</i> = 0.01), triglyceride levels (Δ = –23.4 ± 5.6 vs. 2.3 ± 2.3 mg/dL; <i>p</i> = 0.01), and CRP (Δ = –1.1 ± 0.1 vs. –0.4 ± 0.2 mg/dL; <i>p</i> = 0.01) decreased. Adiponectin levels (Δ = 7.2 ± 2.1 vs. –0.4 ± 0.3 ng/dL; <i>p</i> = 0.02) increased. Notably, G-allele carriers did not show this improvement. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Non-G-allele carriers of the <i>ADIPOQ</i> variant (rs3774261) showed significant improvement in serum levels of adiponectin, lipid profiles, and CRP in response to a hypocaloric diet with a Mediterranean dietary pattern.

Biochemical, Anthropometric and Lifestyle Factors Related with Weight Maintenance after Weight Loss Secondary to a Hypocaloric Mediterranean Diet

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 217-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Antonio de Luis ◽  
Olatz Izaola ◽  
David Primo ◽  
Hilda F. Ovalle ◽  
Juan Jose Lopez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
Initial Response ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Positive Weight

Background/Aims: The aim of our study was to evaluate the influence of lifestyle factors and molecular biomarkers on the maintenance of the weight lost after a hypocaloric Mediterranean diet. Design: After 3 months on a diet, patients (n = 335) remained with no controlled diet during 3 years and they were revaluated. Results: Using linear regression, in the group of responders, we detected that a positive weight loss at 3 months, serum levels of leptin at 3 months, and each 30 min per week of physical activity were associated with weight loss maintenance. In the model with reduced weight (RW) as dependent variable, a positive weight loss at 3 months was associated with 2.4% RW (95% CI 1.31–8.11; p = 0.015), each unit of serum leptin levels at 3 months with –0.44% RW (95% CI –0.59 to –0.020; p = 0.007), each basal unit homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) level with –2.32% (95% CI –13.01 to –0.17; p = 0.040), and each 30 min per week of physical activity with 1.58% RW (95% CI 1.08–2.94; p = 0.020). Conclusion: Obese subjects who are on maintenance weight loss after a dietary intervention appear to have a better initial response during the 3 months intervention, more physical activity at 3 years, and lower basal HOMA-IR and leptin after weight loss than those who regain weight.

scholarly journals APOA-5 Genetic Variant rs662799: Role in Lipid Changes and Insulin Resistance after a Mediterranean Diet in Caucasian Obese Subjects

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Daniel de Luis ◽  
Olatz Izaola ◽  
David Primo
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Hypocaloric Diet ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Apoa5 Gene ◽  
Obese Subjects

Background and Aims. This APOA5-1131C allele is related with a higher serum triglyceride levels and perhaps a different metabolic response to a dietary intervention. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate SNP rs662799 in the APOA5 gene and its associations with metabolic effects after a hypocaloric diet with Mediterranean pattern. Methods. A population of 363 Caucasian obese patients was enrolled. Anthropometric parameters and serum parameters (lipid profile, insulin, homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR), glucose, C reactive protein, adiponectin, resistin, and leptin levels) were measured, at basal time and after 3 months. All patients were genotyped in the rs662799 polymorphism. Results. The APOA5 variant distribution was as follows: 89.3% ( n = 324 ) (TT) were homozygous for the T allele, 10.5% ( n = 38 ) (TC) were heterozygous, and 0.2% ( n = 1 ) (CC) were homozygous for the C allele. Triglyceride levels were higher in patients with the C allele. After dietary intervention, BMI, weight, fat mass, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, adiponectin, leptin, and adiponectin/leptin ratio improved significantly in both genotype groups TT and TC+CC. After dietary intervention, insulin levels (delta: − 3.6 ± 0.8   UI / L vs. − 1.5 ± 0.6   UI / L ; P = 0.03 ), HOMA-IR (delta: − 1.5 ± 0.4   units vs. − 0.3 ± 0.2   units ; P = 0.02 ), and triglyceride levels (delta: − 19.3 ± 4.2   mg / dL vs. − 3.2 ± 3.1   mg / dL ; P = 0.02 ) decreased in non-C allele carriers. Conclusions. C allele carriers of rs662799 of the APOA5 gene did not show an improvement in triglyceride, insulin, and HOMA-IR levels after a significant weight loss due to a hypocaloric diet with a Mediterranean pattern.

An increase in plasma adiponectin multimeric complexes follows hypocaloric diet-induced weight loss in obese and overweight pre-menopausal women

2007 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 557-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Polak ◽  
Zuzana Kovacova ◽  
Martin Jacek ◽  
Eva Klimcakova ◽  
Michaela Kovacikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Hypocaloric Diet ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Plasma Adiponectin ◽  
Insulin Resistant

Adiponectin is involved in the regulation of glucose and fatty acid metabolism, influences whole-body insulin sensitivity and protects arterial walls against the development of atherosclerosis. Plasma adiponectin is decreased in obese, insulin-resistant and Type 2 diabetic patients. Adiponectin circulates in plasma as high-, medium- and low-molecular-weight (‘mass’) forms (HMW, MMW and LMW respectively). The HMW form is believed to be closely associated with insulin sensitivity. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether diet-induced changes in body weight and insulin sensitivity were associated with changes in the quantity of adiponectin multimeric complexes. A total of 20 overweight or obese women (age, 39.4±9.5 years; body mass index, 32.2±6.4 kg/m2) underwent 12 weeks of low caloric diet (600 kcal/day less than energy requirements; where 1 kcal≈4.184 kJ). Plasma samples were drawn before and after the study for biochemical analysis and Western blot detection of adiponectin multimeric complexes. The hypocaloric diet resulted in a weight reduction (89.8±16.4 kg compared with 83.1±15.6 kg; P<0.001) and an improvement in whole-body insulin sensitivity, as measured by HOMA (homoeostasis model assessment index; 1.9±0.8 compared with 1.5±0.7; P=0.013). Increases in the quantities of the HMW, MMW and LMW forms by 5.5, 8.5 and 18.1% respectively, were observed (P<0.05 for all of the forms). Total plasma adiponectin was increased by 36% with borderline significance (P=0.08). No correlations between changes in adiponectin complexes and changes in indices of insulin sensitivity were observed. In conclusion, diet-induced weight loss improved insulin sensitivity as well as increased the amount of HMW, MMW and LMW adiponectin complexes in plasma.

scholarly journals 24-h severe energy restriction impairs postprandial glycaemic control in young, lean males

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 (10) ◽  
pp. 1107-1116 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Clayton ◽  
Jack Biddle ◽  
Tyler Maher ◽  
Mark P. Funnell ◽  
Jack A. Sargeant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glycaemic Control ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Model Assessment

AbstractIntermittent energy restriction (IER) involves short periods of severe energy restriction interspersed with periods of adequate energy intake, and can induce weight loss. Insulin sensitivity is impaired by short-term, complete energy restriction, but the effects of IER are not well known. In randomised order, fourteen lean men (age: 25 (sd 4) years; BMI: 24 (sd 2) kg/m2; body fat: 17 (4) %) consumed 24-h diets providing 100 % (10 441 (sd 812) kJ; energy balance (EB)) or 25 % (2622 (sd 204) kJ; energy restriction (ER)) of estimated energy requirements, followed by an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT; 75 g of glucose drink) after fasting overnight. Plasma/serum glucose, insulin, NEFA, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) were assessed before and after (0 h) each 24-h dietary intervention, and throughout the 2-h OGTT. Homoeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR) assessed the fasted response and incremental AUC (iAUC) or total AUC (tAUC) were calculated during the OGTT. At 0 h, HOMA2-IR was 23 % lower after ER compared with EB (P<0·05). During the OGTT, serum glucose iAUC (P<0·001), serum insulin iAUC (P<0·05) and plasma NEFA tAUC (P<0·01) were greater during ER, but GLP-1 (P=0·161), GIP (P=0·473) and FGF21 (P=0·497) tAUC were similar between trials. These results demonstrate that severe energy restriction acutely impairs postprandial glycaemic control in lean men, despite reducing HOMA2-IR. Chronic intervention studies are required to elucidate the long-term effects of IER on indices of insulin sensitivity, particularly in the absence of weight loss.

scholarly journals Moderate Weight Loss Decreases Oxidative Stress and Increases Antioxidant Status in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

ISRN Obesity ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Del Ben ◽  
Francesco Angelico ◽  
Roberto Cangemi ◽  
Lorenzo Loffredo ◽  
Roberto Carnevale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cholesterol Ratio

Background. Oxidative stress is enhanced in metabolic syndrome (MetS) and believed to contribute to accelerated atherosclerosis. Weight loss is associated with lowered oxidative stress. Methods. We performed a cross-sectional study in 92 consecutive patients with metabolic syndrome and 80 without. A dietary intervention with moderately low-calorie diet (600 calories/day negative energy balance) was carried out in 53 of metabolic syndrome patients. Oxidative stress, assessed by sNOX2-dp and urinary 8-iso-PGF2α, and antioxidant status, assessed by serum levels of vitamin E and adiponectin, were measured before and after 6 months. Results. Serum vitamin E/cholesterol ratio was significantly lower in metabolic syndrome compared to controls () and decreased by increasing the number of metabolic syndrome components (). After six months, 23 and 30 patients showed >5% (group A) or <5% (group B) weight loss, respectively. Urinary 8-iso-PGF2α (−39.0%), serum sNOX2-dp (−22.2%), adiponectin (+125%), and vitamin E/cholesterol ratio (+129.8%) significantly changed only in A group. Changes in body weight and in serum adiponectin were independent predictors of vitamin E/cholesterol ratio variation. Conclusion. Our findings show that in metabolic syndrome moderate weight loss is associated with multiple health benefits including not only oxidative stress reduction but also enhancement of antioxidant status.

The rs9939609 Gene Variant in FTO Modified the Metabolic Response of Weight Loss After a 3-Month Intervention With a Hypocaloric Diet

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Antonio de Luis ◽  
Rocío Aller ◽  
Rosa Conde ◽  
Olatz Izaola ◽  
Manuel Gonzalez Sagrado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Hypocaloric Diet ◽  
Gene Variant

scholarly journals Branched Chain Amino Acid Supplementation to a Hypocaloric Diet Does Not Affect Resting Metabolic Rate but Increases Postprandial Fat Oxidation Response in Overweight and Obese Adults after Weight Loss Intervention

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4245
Author(s):  
Delicia Shu Qin Ooi ◽  
Jennifer Qiu Rong Ling ◽  
Fang Yi Ong ◽  
E Shyong Tai ◽  
Christiani Jeyakumar Henry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Hypocaloric Diet ◽  
Weight Loss Intervention ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
Standard Protein

Background: Branched chain amino acids (BCAA) supplementation is reported to aid in lean mass preservation, which may in turn minimize the reduction in resting metabolic rate (RMR) during weight loss. Our study aimed to examine the effect of BCAA supplementation to a hypocaloric diet on RMR and substrate utilization during a weight loss intervention. Methods: A total of 111 Chinese subjects comprising 55 males and 56 females aged 21 to 45 years old with BMI between 25 and 36 kg/m2 were randomized into three hypocaloric diet groups: (1) standard-protein (14%) with placebo (CT), (2) standard-protein with BCAA, and (3) high-protein (27%) with placebo. Indirect calorimetry was used to measure RMR, carbohydrate, and fat oxidation before and after 16 weeks of dietary intervention. Results: RMR was reduced from 1600 ± 270 kcal/day to 1500 ± 264 kcal/day (p < 0.0005) after weight loss, but no significant differences in the change of RMR, respiratory quotient, and percentage of fat and carbohydrate oxidation were observed among the three diet groups. Subjects with BCAA supplementation had an increased postprandial fat (p = 0.021) and decreased postprandial carbohydrate (p = 0.044) oxidation responses compared to the CT group after dietary intervention. Conclusions: BCAA-supplemented standard-protein diet did not significantly attenuate reduction of RMR compared to standard-protein and high-protein diets. However, the postprandial fat oxidation response increased after BCAA-supplemented weight loss intervention.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document