Maternal Immune Activation with H1N1 or Toxoplasma gondii Antigens Induces Behavioral Impairments Associated with Mood Disorders in Rodents

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Vanessa B.M.G. Spini ◽  
Frederico Rogério Ferreira ◽  
Angelica Oliveira Gomes ◽  
Rener Matheus Francisco Duarte ◽  
Vitor Hélio Santos Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Immune Activation ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Maternal Immune Activation ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Behavioral Impairments ◽  
The Impact

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b>Epidemiological studies revealed that maternal exposure to influenza A (H1N1) and <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> (<i>T. gondii</i>) infection during pregnancy may increase the risk for mood disorders of the offspring. However, the impact of maternal infections in different stages of neural development and the nature of antigens remain to be elucidated. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> This study investigated behavioral impairments induced by maternal immune activation (MIA) due to H1N1 or <i>T. gondii</i> infection during preborn neurodevelopment. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Maternal infection with influenza or toxoplasma was mimicked by administration of influenza vaccine antigens or suspension of soluble <i>T. gondii</i> antigen (STAg) in pregnant Balb/c mice at E6 or E16. Adult male offspring were evaluated for anxiety-like and depressive-like behavior in elevated plus maze (EPM) and forced swimming test (FST). <b><i>Results:</i></b> In FST, immobility time at E6 and E16 increased when the mothers were treated with both antigen solutions. There was increased immobility in the pups whose mothers were treated with STAg at E16. MIA with influenza antigens reduced the exploration of the open arms of EPM for the pups whose progenitors received treatment at E6 and E16. The animals at E6 exhibited a greater number of stretch-attend postures compared with the saline group. STAg at E6 reduced the time of exploration in the open arms and increased the number of stretch-attend postures compared with the saline group. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> These results suggest that immunological responses to H1N1 or <i>T. gondii</i> during pregnancy may impact differently the susceptibility of adult offspring to mood disorder.

scholarly journals Immune Activation and Viral Replication after Vaccination with an Influenza A H1N1 2009 Vaccine in HIV-Infected Children Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 221-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nattawat Onlamoon ◽  
Petai Unpol ◽  
Michittra Boonchan ◽  
Kasama Sukapirom ◽  
Orasri Wittawatmongkol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Viral Replication ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Immune Activation ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Haemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Hla Dr ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
The Impact

Immunization with a pandemic influenza A H1N1 2009 was recommended for HIV-infected patients. However, there is limited information concerning the impact of immunization with this vaccine on immune activation and HIV viral replication. In this study, 45 HIV-infected children and adolescents receiving antiretroviral therapy were immunized with a 2-dose series of nonadjuvated monovalent influenza A H1N1 2009 vaccine upon enrollment and approximately 1 month later. Immunogenicity was determined by haemagglutination inhibition assay. The level of immune activation was determined by identification of CD38 and HLA-DR on CD8+ T cells. Patients were divided into 2 groups which include patients who had an undetectable HIV viral load (HIV detectable group) and patients who show virological failure (HIV nondetectable group). The results showed seroconversion rate of 55.2% in HIV nondetectable group, whereas 31.3% was found in HIV detectable group. Both groups of patients showed no major increase in immune activation after immunization. Interestingly, a decrease in the frequency of CD8+ T cells that coexpressed CD38 and HLA-DR was observed after immunization in both groups of patients. We suggested that immunization with influenza A H1N1 2009 vaccine can induce immune response to the pandemic virus without major impact on HIV viral replication and immune activation.

scholarly journals The Effect of Maternal Immune Activation on Social Play-Induced Ultrasonic Vocalization in Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 344
Author(s):  
Kinga Gzielo ◽  
Agnieszka Potasiewicz ◽  
Ewa Litwa ◽  
Diana Piotrowska ◽  
Piotr Popik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Activation ◽  
Social Play ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Repetitive Behaviors ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Poly I:C ◽  
Maternal Immune Activation ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Adolescent Rats ◽  
The Impact

Prenatal maternal infection is associated with an increased risk of various neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Maternal immune activation (MIA) can be experimentally induced by prenatal administration of polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly I:C), a synthetic viral-like double-stranded RNA. Although this MIA model is adopted in many studies, social and communicative deficits, included in the first diagnostic criterion of ASD, are poorly described in the offspring of poly(I:C)-exposed dams. This study aimed to characterize the impact of prenatal poly(I:C) exposure on socio-communicative behaviors in adolescent rats. For this purpose, social play behavior was assessed in both males and females. We also analyzed quantitative and structural changes in ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) emitted by rats during the play test. Deficits of social play behaviors were evident only in male rats. Males also emitted a significantly decreased number of USVs during social encounters. Prenatal poly(I:C) exposure also affected acoustic call parameters, as reflected by the increased peak frequencies. Additionally, repetitive behaviors were demonstrated in autistic-like animals regardless of sex. This study demonstrates that prenatal poly(I:C) exposure impairs socio-communicative functioning in adolescent rats. USVs may be a useful tool for identifying early autistic-like abnormalities.

scholarly journals The impact of novel influenza A (H1N1) after hematopoietic SCT

2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 1756-1757 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Patel ◽  
K Sweiss ◽  
S Shatavi ◽  
D Peace ◽  
N Clark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Novel Influenza A

scholarly journals The impact of the 2009 influenza A(H1N1) pandemic on attitudes of healthcare workers toward seasonal influenza vaccination 2010/11

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (17) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Brandt ◽  
H F Rabenau ◽  
S Bornmann ◽  
R Gottschalk ◽  
S Wicker
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Influenza Season ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
The Public ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
The Impact

The emergence of the influenza A(H1N1)2009 virus provided a major challenge to health services around the world. However, vaccination rates for the public and for healthcare workers (HCWs) have remained low. We performed a study to review the reasons put forward by HCWs to refuse immunisation with the pandemic vaccine in 2009/10 and characterise attitudes in the influenza season 2010/11 due to the emergence of influenza A(H1N1)2009. A survey among HCWs and medical students in the clinical phase of their studies was conducted, using an anonymous questionnaire, at a German university hospital during an influenza vaccination campaign. 1,366 of 3,900 HCWs (35.0%) were vaccinated in the 2010/11 influenza season. Of the vaccinated HCWs, 1,323 (96.9%) completed the questionnaire in addition to 322 vaccinated medical students. Of the 1,645 vaccinees who completed the questionnaire, 712 had not been vaccinated against the influenza A(H1N1)2009 virus in the 2009/10 season. The main reason put forward was the objection to the AS03 adjuvants (239/712, 33.6%). Of the HCWs and students surveyed, 270 of 1,645 (16.4%) stated that the pandemic had influenced their attitude towards vaccination in general. Many German HCWs remained unconvinced of the safety of the pandemic (adjuvanted) influenza vaccine. For this reason, effective risk communication should focus on educating the public and HCWs about influenza vaccine safety and the benefits of vaccination.

scholarly journals Neurodevelopmental Disorders Induced by Maternal Immune Activation: Toward a Prevention Strategy in the Era of the COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-26
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro Sakurada ◽  
Yoshihiro Noda
Keyword(s):  
Immune Activation ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Maternal Infection ◽  
Public Health Perspective ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Maternal Immune Activation ◽  
The Impact

As of summer 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic is having a major impact on our daily lives on a global scale, forcing us to change to the new normal. However, the effects are not only detrimental to our present socioeconomic conditions but also have the risk of having negative biological effects on our descendants. Of concern is the effect of maternal immune activation following maternal infection with COVID-19 on the fetus’ cerebral nervous system. While we are currently occupied with countering the imminent threats in front of us, we also need to take steps from a public health perspective to reduce the impact of maternal infection on the fetus, especially the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders. However, such a risk can be prevented and managed through the digital transformation of the nation’s health data and the strategic application of sophisticated data science approaches to those big data.

scholarly journals The return of the historic influenza A H1N1 virus and its impact on the population of the United Kingdom

1982 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Chakraverty ◽  
P. Cunningham ◽  
M. S. Pereira
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Antigenic Variation ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Older Adult Population ◽  
The Impact

SUMMARYThe epidemiology in the United Kingdom of the influenza A H1N1 subtype which returned in 1977 after an absence of 20 years is described for the four winter seasons from 1977/8 to 1980/1. The age distribution of virus isolates and the evidence for antigenic variation is presented. The impact in the susceptible age groups year by year is shown by the change in the population with specific antibody. There was the expected increase of antibody in those under the age of 21 but also evidence for a significant amount of infection or re-infection in the older adult population.

The Impact of Pandemic Influenza A H1N1 2009 on Australian Lung Transplant Recipients

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 568-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. H. Ng ◽  
A. R. Glanville ◽  
G. Snell ◽  
M. Musk ◽  
M. Holmes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Lung Transplant ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Lung Transplant Recipients ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Real-time estimation of the hospitalization fatality risk of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 in Hong Kong

2015 ◽  
Vol 144 (8) ◽  
pp. 1579-1583
Author(s):  
J. Y. WONG ◽  
P. WU ◽  
E. H. Y. LAU ◽  
T. K. TSANG ◽  
V. J. FANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Influenza Pandemic ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Right Censoring ◽  
Fatality Risk ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
The Impact

SUMMARYDuring the early stage of an epidemic, timely and reliable estimation of the severity of infections are important for predicting the impact that the influenza viruses will have in the population. We obtained age-specific deaths and hospitalizations for patients with laboratory-confirmed H1N1pdm09 infections from June 2009 to December 2009 in Hong Kong. We retrospectively obtained the real-time estimates of the hospitalization fatality risk (HFR), using crude estimation or allowing for right-censoring for final status in some patients. Models accounting for right-censoring performed better than models without adjustments. The risk of deaths in hospitalized patients with confirmed H1N1pdm09 increased with age. Reliable estimates of the HFR could be obtained before the peak of the first wave of H1N1pdm09 in young and middle-aged adults but after the peak in the elderly. In the next influenza pandemic, timely estimation of the HFR will contribute to risk assessment and disease control.

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