scholarly journals Breast Disorders in Adolescence: A Review of the Literature

Breast Care ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Evangelia Mareti ◽  
Anastasia Vatopoulou ◽  
Georgia-Alexandra Spyropoulou ◽  
Anastasios Papanastasiou ◽  
Georgios Chrysostomos Pratilas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Nipple Discharge ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Breast Development ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Breast Hypoplasia ◽  
Adolescent Gynecology ◽  
The Cochrane Library

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Adolescence is accompanied by a variety of changes in young breast development, which greatly affects the adolescent’s psychology and socialization. <b><i>Summary:</i></b> PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were searched for studies relative to epidemiology, clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and management of all breast disorders in adolescence and their consequences. Development disorders are breast asymmetry, breast atrophy, breast hypoplasia, hypomastia, juvenile breast hypertrophy, and tuberous breast. Breast congenital abnormalities include athelia, amastia, accessory breast tissue, polymastia, polythelia, and congenital disorders of nipples. Breast infections are commonly caused from Gram-positive coccus rather than Gram-negative bacteria. Breast abscess occurs when breast infections are not promptly treated. Nipple discharge is caused by a variety of conditions and should be managed carefully. Fibrocystic changes, cysts, and fibroadenomas are the most common benign masses in adolescence. Primary, secondary, or metastatic breast cancer is extremely rare in adolescence. However, clinicians should include breast cancer in the differential diagnosis of a breast mass in adolescence. <b><i>Key Messages:</i></b> Clinicians should be aware of all breast disorders that may occur in adolescence. Early diagnosis and treatment will result in the reassurance of adolescents and their families without any detrimental effect on their psychology, sexual behavior, and socialization. Adolescents with breast disorders may require a multidisciplinary approach by a pediatrician, a gynecologist specializing in pediatric-adolescent gynecology, a plastic surgeon, and a psychologist for the best management of breast disorders.

BREAST CANCER SCREENING: CURRENT ACHIEVEMENTS, FUTURE PERSPECTIVES AND NEW TECHNOLOGIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 664-671
Author(s):  
Ilya Pyatnitskiy ◽  
O. Puchkova ◽  
Viktor Gombolevskiy ◽  
Lyudmila Nizovtsova ◽  
Natalya Vetsheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Breast Cancer Screening ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
The World ◽  
The Cochrane Library

The article presents a literature review of the PubMed database and the Cochrane library, aimed at analyzing the current situation and problems in the field of breast cancer screening in the world and Russia to form an idea of the key elements in organizing an effective screening program in the Russian healthcare system, as well as the possibilities of using new technologies when organizing such programs.

scholarly journals Pilates for breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (11) ◽  
pp. 1006-1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Costa Espíndula ◽  
Gabriella Barbosa Nadas ◽  
Maria Inês da Rosa ◽  
Charlie Foster ◽  
Florentino Cardoso de Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Breast Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Diagnosis Method ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
Complementary Intervention

Summary Introduction: Breast cancer is the leading type of cancer causing death in women worldwide. The incidence of the disease is expected to grow worldwide due to the aging of the population and risk factors related to lifestyle behaviors. Considering the lifestyle of women with breast cancer before or after surgery, pilates exercise may be a complementary intervention additionally to standard treatment. Objective: To analyze the efficacy of pilates compared to other exercises and to no exercise for women with breast cancer diagnosis. Method: We searched Medline via Pubmed, Embase via Ovid, Amed via EBSCO, Biosis via Ovid, Lilacs and the Cochrane Library for relevant publications until March 2017. The keywords used were pilates and “breast cancer,” and only randomized controlled trials were included. Critical appraisal was done using Risk of Bias Tool and GRADE score for assessing the quality of evidence. Results: A total of five studies were included in our review. Our results demonstrate that pilates or home-based exercises are better than no exercise in each individual study. We observed significant improvements in the pilates groups compared to home-based exercises. Additionally, in the individual studies, we observed improvements in range of motion, pain and fatigue. Conclusion: The evidence shows that pilates or home-based exercise should be encouraged to women with breast cancer.

scholarly journals The Role of Circulating Tumor Cells in Chemoresistant Metastatic Breast Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 684
Author(s):  
Lorena Alexandra Lisencu ◽  
Eduard-Alexandru Bonci ◽  
Alexandru Irimie ◽  
Ovidiu Balacescu ◽  
Cosmin Lisencu
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Circulating Tumor Cells ◽  
Epithelial To Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition

Breast cancer is the most frequent form of cancer among women and is one of the leading causes of death. Two routes of the metastatic process have been described: linear and parallel progression. A key factor is represented by circulating tumor cells (CTCs). CTCs detach from the primary tumor or develop from cancer stem cells (CSCs) that undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). CTCs migrate to the distant site where the reverse process occurs and a new tumor arises. One of the key problems of metastatic disease is chemoresistance, which leads to treatment failure and, eventually, death. The aim of this review is to present up-to-date data regarding the role of CTCs in chemoresistance in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients. A search in Cochrane Library and MEDLINE databases was performed. A total of 125 articles were identified. The results of the final 12 eligible studies revealed that CTCs having stem cell features and those with mesenchymal features are aggressive subtypes of cells that survive chemotherapy, being responsible for chemoresistance and thus for disease progression in MBC patients. The hemodynamic shear stress, alongside dynamic changes among CTCs during the disease, is also an important disease progression factor.

scholarly journals Efficacy and Safety of Anti-HER2 Agents in Combination With Chemotherapy for Metastatic HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Patient: A Network Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohui Zhang ◽  
Junsheng Leng ◽  
Yidong Zhou ◽  
Feng Mao ◽  
Yan Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Objective Response ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
First Line ◽  
Her2 Positive ◽  
The Cochrane Library

BackgroundThe presence of anti-HER2 agents, such as trastuzumab, pertuzumab, and trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1), significantly improved the prognosis of metastatic HER2-positive (HER2+) breast cancers (BC). However, drug resistance and disease progression are still common. In order to further improve the treatment efficacy, new clinical trials about anti-HER2 agents in combination with chemotherapy are growing rapidly. We conducted the network meta-analysis to synthesize evidences of clinical trials to identify the best therapy for metastatic HER2+ BC.MethodsA systematic search of randomized controlled trials regarding anti-HER2 agents in combination with chemotherapy for advanced or metastatic breast cancers up to May 2020 was conducted in Embase, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library. The primary outcome was progression-free survival (PFS). The secondary outcomes were overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), and safety. Bayesian network meta-analysis was conducted to synthesize the results and rank the therapies.ResultsTwenty-six studies, including 16 studies for first-line treatments and 10 studies for second- or later-line treatments were included in the network meta-analysis. For first-line studies, the THP (taxanes + trastuzumab + pertuzumab) regimen exhibited the highest probability to be the optimal treatment in all efficacy outcomes and moderate safety. For second- or later-line studies, the T-DM1 and XHTuC (capecitabine + trastuzumab + tucatinib) regimens ranked top two in all efficacy outcomes according to the surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA) results. T-DM1 ranked first in PFS and OS whereas XHTuC ranked first in ORR. The safety outcomes of T-DM1 and XHTuC were acceptable.ConclusionsTHP was still the optimal first-line treatment for metastatic HER2+ BC. T-DM1 and XHTuC were recommended for second-line treatments.Systematic Review RegistrationINPLASY.com, identifier (INPLASY202090086).

Comparative efficacy with endocrine-based combination versus monotherapy among postmenopausal women with HR+/ HER2- metastatic breast cancer: A network meta-analysis.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e12535-e12535
Author(s):  
Derek Tang ◽  
Rajeev Ayyagari ◽  
Oscar Patterson-Lomba ◽  
Zhou Zhou ◽  
Jipan Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Clinical Benefit ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Mixed Treatment Comparison ◽  
First Line ◽  
Overall Response ◽  
Treatment Comparison

e12535 Background: Endocrine-based therapies (ETs) are used to treat postmenopausal women with hormone receptor positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative (HR+/HER2-) advanced breast cancer (ABC). This study synthesizes the available evidence on progression-free survival (PFS), overall response rate (ORR) and clinical benefit rate (CBR) with ETs, as monotherapy and in combination with targeted therapy (TT), in postmenopausal HR+/HER2- ABC using a mixed treatment comparison (MTC). Methods: A systematic literature review of Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and key conferences (2013-2016) was performed to identify randomized clinical trials satisfying the following criteria: 1) included women with HR+/HER2- ABC, 2) included ET monotherapy and ET+TT combination arms, 3) reported PFS, ORR or CBR, and 4) was published in 2007 or later (when HER2 testing was standardized). Pairwise hazard ratios (HRs), relative risks (RR) and their corresponding 95% credible intervals (CrIs) were obtained via a Bayesian MTC. Efficacy was studied in first-line and aromatase inhibitor (AI)-failure (included patients who previously failed an AI or chemotherapy as first-line therapy) settings separately. ETs included letrozole, fulvestrant and exemestane, while ribociclib, palbociclib and everolimus were the TTs identified. Results: Three trials were eligible in the first setting for all three outcomes. TT+ET had significantly longer PFS vs. ET (HR = 0.56, 95% CrI 0.48-0.65), and also had significantly higher ORR (RR = 1.34, 1.17-1.51) and CBR vs. ET (RR = 1.17, 1.12-1.23). In the AI-failure setting, three trials were eligible for PFS, two for ORR, and none for CBR. TT+ET significantly improved PFS vs. ET (HR = 0.47, 0.41-0.53) and had significantly higher ORR vs. ET (RR = 3.52, 2.26-5.39). Conclusions: These results consistently indicate that the hazard of progression or death was approximately halved and that overall response and clinical benefit rates were significantly improved across patient settings for patients receiving TT+ET relative to ET monotherapy among postmenopausal women with HR+/HER2- ABC women.

Time to full publication of studies of anticancer drugs for breast cancer, and the potential for publication bias

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Harris ◽  
Andrea Takeda ◽  
Emma Loveman ◽  
Debbie Hartwell
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Clinical Excellence ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Full Publication ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Drug Treatments ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
The Impact

Objectives:Nonpublication of results of clinical trials can contribute to inappropriate medical decisions. The primary aim of this systematic review was to investigate publication delays between conference abstracts and full journal publications from randomized controlled trial results of new anticancer agents for breast cancer. The review was restricted to anticancer agents previously, or due to be, appraised in the United Kingdom by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. A secondary objective was to identify whether there are any apparent biases in the publication and reporting of these trials.Methods:We searched six electronic databases up to August 2007, including Medline and the Cochrane Library. Two reviewers independently selected studies, extracted and assessed the data.Results:Six anticancer treatments were identified: docetaxel, paclitaxel, trastuzumab, gemcitabine, lapatinib, and bevacizumab. Of eighteen included trials, only four publications from three trials reported the same outcomes in both abstract and full publication. Time delays ranged from 5 to 19 months. Eleven trial abstracts were still without a full publication at the end of our searches, varying from 3 to 38 months since abstract publication. Observational analysis revealed no particular publishing biases.Conclusions:Whereas delays in publication appear reasonable over a period of months, many were not published in full over a period of years and others would appear to be unlikely to ever be published. Further research should investigate the impact of publication delays on the availability of new drug treatments in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Efficacy and Safety of Nanoparticle Albumin-Bound Paclitaxel in Elderly Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Li ◽  
Hyungju Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Comparable Efficacy ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
First Line

Nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel) is an approved treatment for metastatic breast cancer (MBC). However, there is an ongoing debate about the efficacy and safety of nab-paclitaxel in elderly patients. We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate nab-paclitaxel efficacy and adverse events in MBC patients 65 years and older, compared with MBC patients younger than 65 years (control group). We performed a literature search using PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and EMBASE, from their inception to 30 September 2019. The relevant studies compared overall response rates (ORRs) and incidence of adverse events; four studies comprising 1204 patients were identified and included. ORRs were similar in patients older than 65 years and controls (odds ratio (OR) 0.71, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.42–1.21). On subgroup analysis, both first-line therapy (OR 2.54, 95% CI 1.92–3.36) and lower Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (OR 0.20, 95% CI 0.06–0.69) were associated with a higher ORR. Adverse events including neutropenia, sensory neuropathy, diarrhea, and nausea were comparable between the groups. In conclusion, nab-paclitaxel showed comparable efficacy and safety in older and younger patients with MBC. Nab-paclitaxel can be a first-line treatment option for MBC patients 65 years and older.

PP118 Cardiac Safety Of Trastuzumab For Metastatatic Breast Cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (S1) ◽  
pp. 111-111
Author(s):  
Livia Lovato Pires de Lemos ◽  
Paulo Henrique Ribeiro Fernandes Almeida ◽  
Juliana Alvares ◽  
Roberta Rabelo ◽  
Vania Canuto Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Adverse Event ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Line Treatment ◽  
First Line ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Cardiac Adverse Event ◽  
Manual Search ◽  
First Line Treatment

Introduction:Metastatic breast cancer (MBC) is considered incurable. Trastuzumab (T), a monoclonal antibody that blocks HER-2 is used in combination with other chemotherapies or as monotherapy to treat various stages of breast cancer, including MBC. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety of T as first line treatment or after progression in women with MBC.Methods:We conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. We searched the databases: MEDLINE (Pubmed), LILACS, Cochrane Library and EMBASE (accessed November 2016) and performed manual search. The methodological quality assessment was performed using the Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool. We adopted the random effects model for meta-analysis. The results were presented as relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence intervals.Results:The search retrieved 2,238 publications. After eligibility criteria assessment we included five studies on T in the first line treatment (T n = 493; no-T n = 492) and two studies on T after progression (T n = 226; no-T n = 226). In general, studies presented moderate quality. Five were funded by the pharmaceutical industry. Regarding first line treatment, the group of patients that used T had three times higher risk of developing cardiac adverse event compared to the group that did not use T (RR = 3.3; 95% CI: 1.52 − 7.29; I2 = 0%, p = 0.39). The continuity of T after progression revealed no difference between the groups regarding the risk of developing cardiac adverse event (RR = 5.31; 95% CI: 0.62 − 45.49; I2 = 0%, p = 0.62).Conclusions:The evidence regarding the higher risk of cardiac adverse event with T as first line treatment for MBC is robust and this should be taken into account when balancing risks and benefits of treatment. The evidence for continuation of T after MCB progression is week and more studies are needed to confirm the findings.

State-of-the-Art of the Major Nanopharmaceuticals Treatments in Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
Caroline Araújo Gonçalves ◽  
◽  
Carlos Roberto Antônio ◽  
Idiberto José Zotarelli-Filho ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Free Doxorubicin ◽  
Cause Of Deaths

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most frequently detected cancer in women worldwide, its metastasis is responsible for 90% of deaths. Breast carcinoma is the most common cancer in women worldwide and the most common cause of deaths associated with malignancies. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is the main molecule binding to CD44 and has proved to be a significant ally in the development of nanotransporters that demonstrate preferential accumulation of tumors and increased cellular uptake. Objective: Carry out a systematic review of the main treatments to reduce or prevent the proliferation of breast cancer. Methods: A total of 59 articles have found and after the selection process 20 articles have included and discussed in this study. PUBMED, EMBASE, OVID, AND COCHRANE LIBRARY databases were searched. Results: cationic liposomes containing the conjugate hyaluronic acid-dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (HA-DOPE) mediated good transfection in cell lines that express CD44 in culture. Still, other results suggested that the formulation of lapatinib (LPT) coated with HA increases the activity of LPT against triple-negative breast cancer. In addition, compared to free doxorubicin (DOX), superior in vivo antitumor efficacy of modified carbon spots (HA HA-CD) and (p-CBA-DOX) was observed in heterotopic and orthotopic 4T1 cell tumor models. In addition, hematological and biochemical analysis of blood showed that HA-CD and p-CBA-DOX did not induce noticeable toxicity, which further confirmed the good biocompatibility of HA-CD and p-CBA-DOX. Also, it was found that CD44v expression can negatively influence HA uptake and, instead, when cells expressed mainly CD44s, a positive correlation between expression and uptake was observed. Other findings point to the potential clinical utility of recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) as a therapeutic treatment for invasive and metastatic breast cancer. Conclusion: The development of nanopharmaceuticals delivery systems are able to control the development of tumors and represent a promising strategy to overcome issues related to the non-specific effects of conventional anticancer therapies.

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