“Open Questions” and Role of Lung Ultrasound in the Management of Congenital Chylothorax

The concept of welfare applied to farm animals has undergone a remarkable evolution. The growing awareness of citizens pushes farmers to guarantee the highest possible level of welfare to their animals. New perspectives could be opened for animal welfare reasoning around the concept of domestic, especially farm, animals as partial human artifacts. Therefore, it is important to understand how much a particular behavior of a farm animal is far from the natural one of its ancestors. This paper is a contribution to better understand the role of genetics of the farm animals on their behavior. This means that the naïve approach to animal welfare regarding returning animals to their natural state should be challenged and that welfare assessment should be considered.

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miR-205 in Breast Cancer: State of the Art

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22010027 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 27

Author(s):

Ilaria Plantamura ◽

Alessandra Cataldo ◽

Giulia Cosentino ◽

Marilena V. Iorio

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Progression ◽

Normal Breast ◽

Response To Therapy ◽

Aberrant Expression ◽

Open Questions ◽

Tumor Tissues ◽

Breast Physiology ◽

Cancer Types

Despite its controversial roles in different cancer types, miR-205 has been mainly described as an oncosuppressive microRNA (miRNA), with some contrasting results, in breast cancer. The role of miR-205 in the occurrence or progression of breast cancer has been extensively studied since the first evidence of its aberrant expression in tumor tissues versus normal counterparts. To date, it is known that the expression of miR-205 in the different subtypes of breast cancer is decreasing from the less aggressive subtype, estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor positive breast cancer, to the more aggressive, triple negative breast cancer, influencing metastasis capability, response to therapy and patient survival. In this review, we summarize the most important discoveries that have highlighted the functional role of this miRNA in breast cancer initiation and progression, in stemness maintenance, in the tumor microenvironment, its potential role as a biomarker and its relevance in normal breast physiology—the still open questions. Finally, emerging evidence reveals the role of some lncRNAs in breast cancer progression as sponges of miR-205. Here, we also reviewed the studies in this field.

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How Can Psychological Science Help Counter the Spread of Fake News?

The Spanish Journal of Psychology ◽

10.1017/sjp.2021.23 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 24 ◽

Author(s):

Sander van der Linden ◽

Jon Roozenbeek ◽

Rakoen Maertens ◽

Melisa Basol ◽

Ondřej Kácha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Research Agenda ◽

Source Credibility ◽

Fake News ◽

Intervention Effectiveness ◽

Motivated Cognition ◽

Individual Level ◽

Psychological Science ◽

Open Questions ◽

The Individual

Abstract In recent years, interest in the psychology of fake news has rapidly increased. We outline the various interventions within psychological science aimed at countering the spread of fake news and misinformation online, focusing primarily on corrective (debunking) and pre-emptive (prebunking) approaches. We also offer a research agenda of open questions within the field of psychological science that relate to how and why fake news spreads and how best to counter it: the longevity of intervention effectiveness; the role of sources and source credibility; whether the sharing of fake news is best explained by the motivated cognition or the inattention accounts; and the complexities of developing psychometrically validated instruments to measure how interventions affect susceptibility to fake news at the individual level.

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The role of brown adipose tissue and the thermogenic adipocytes in glucose metabolism: recent advances and open questions

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care ◽

10.1097/mco.0000000000000662 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 282-287 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Maria Chondronikola

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Glucose Metabolism ◽

Brown Adipose Tissue ◽

Recent Advances ◽

Open Questions ◽

Brown Adipose ◽

Thermogenic Adipocytes

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Are Engaged Workaholics Protected against Job-Related Negative Affect and Anxiety before Sleep? A Study of the Moderating Role of Gender

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph15091996 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (9) ◽

pp. 1996 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Paola Spagnoli ◽

Cristian Balducci ◽

Liliya Scafuri Kovalchuk ◽

Francesco Maiorano ◽

Carmela Buono

Keyword(s):

Negative Affect ◽

Work Engagement ◽

Process Analysis ◽

Future Directions ◽

Open Questions ◽

Heavy Work ◽

Conditional Process Analysis ◽

The Relationship ◽

Moderating Role

Although the interplay between workaholism and work engagement could explain several open questions regarding the Heavy Work Investment (HWI) phenomenon, few studies have addressed this issue. Thus, with the purpose of filling this literature gap, the present study aimed at examining a model where job-related negative affect mediates the relationship between the interplay of workaholism and work engagement, and anxiety before sleep. Since gender could have a role in the way the interplay would impact on the theorized model, we also hypothesized a moderated role of gender on the specific connection concerning the interplay between workaholism and work engagement, in relation to job-related negative affect. Conditional process analysis was conducted on a sample of 146 participants, balanced for gender. Results supported the mediating model and indicated the presence of a moderated role of gender, such that engaged workaholic women reported significantly less job-related negative affect than disengaged workaholic women. On the contrary, the interplay between workaholism and work engagement did not seem significant for men. Results are discussed in light of the limitations and future directions of the research in this field, as well as the ensuing practical implications.

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Role of Lung Ultrasound in Adjusting Ultrafiltration Volume in Hemodialysis Patients

Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology ◽

10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2018.10.025 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 45 (3) ◽

pp. 732-740 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Xuan-Kun Liang ◽

Lu-Jing Li ◽

Xiao-Hua Wang ◽

Xian-Xiang Wang ◽

Yang-Di Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Ultrasound ◽

Hemodialysis Patients

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f-Electron and Magnetic Ordering Effects in Nickelates LaNiO2 and NdNiO2: Remarkable Role of The Cuprate-Like 3dx2-y2 Band

10.21203/rs.3.rs-76787/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jianwei Sun ◽

Ruiqi Zhang ◽

Christopher Lane ◽

Bahadur Singh ◽

Johannes Nokelainen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ground State ◽

Exchange Coupling ◽

Density Functional ◽

High Temperature Superconductivity ◽

Parent Compound ◽

Magnetic Ordering ◽

Striking Similarity ◽

Infinite Layer ◽

Open Questions

Abstract Recent discovery of superconductivity in the doped infinite-layer nickelates has renewed interest in understanding the nature of high-temperature superconductivity more generally. The low-energy electronic structure of the parent compound NdNiO2, the role of electronic correlations in driving superconductivity, and the possible relationship betweeen the cuprates and the nickelates are still open questions. Here, by comparing LaNiO2 and NdNiO2 systematically within a parameter free density functional framework, all-electron first-principles framework, we reveal the role Nd 4f-electrons in shaping the ground state of pristine NdNiO2. Strong similarities are found between the electronic structures of LaNiO2 and NdNiO2, except for the effects of the 4f-electrons. Hybridization between the Nd 4f and Ni 3d orbitals is shown to significantly modify the Fermi surfaces of various magnetic states. In contrast, the competition between the magnetically ordered phases depends mainly on the gaps in the Ni dx2-y2 band, so that the ground state in LaNiO2 and NdNiO2 turns out to be striking similarity to that of the cuprates. The d - p band-splitting is found to be much larger while the intralayer 3d ion-exchange coupling is smaller in the nickelates compared to the cuprates. Our estimated value of the on-site Hubbard U is similar to that in the cuprates, but the value of the Hund's coupling JH is found to be sensitive to the Nd magnetic moment. The exchange coupling J in NdNiO2 is only half as large as in the curpates, which may explain why Tc in the nickelates is half as large as the cuprates.

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