Prevalence of Oropharyngeal Dysphagia and Risk of Pneumonia, Malnutrition, and Mortality in Adults Aged 60 Years and Older: A Meta-Analysis

Gerontology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Kondwani Joseph Banda ◽  
Hsin Chu ◽  
Ruey Chen ◽  
Xiao Linda Kang ◽  
Hsiu-Ju Jen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Oropharyngeal Dysphagia ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Geriatric Syndromes ◽  
Poor Survival ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Ovid Medline ◽  
Pooled Prevalence

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) is a serious health condition associated with poor survival and quality of life in adults aged 60 years and older. Comprehensive assessment and management of OD could lead to better and improved health outcomes for older adults. Therefore, we performed the first meta-analysis to determine the pooled prevalence of OD and risk of pneumonia, malnutrition, and mortality. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Databases including Ovid-MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, Cochrane, and CINAHL were searched up to January 2021. Data analysis was conducted using logistic-normal for prevalence rate and DerSimonian-Lard random-effects models for outcomes and associated factors of OD, providing odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). <b><i>Results:</i></b> The pooled prevalence of OD in 39 studies with 31,488 participants was 46% associated with higher pooled OR for risk of pneumonia 2.07 (95% CI, 1.58–2.72), malnutrition 2.21 (95% CI, 1.43–3.41), and mortality 2.73 (95% CI, 1.62–4.60). Geriatric syndromes including fecal incontinence 6.84 (4.955–9.44), immobility syndrome 6.06 (5.28–6.96), pressure ulcers 4.02 (2.46–6.56), sarcopenia 3.10 (1.89–5.09), urinary incontinence 2.75 (1.81–4.19), frailty 2.66 (1.16–6.13), delirium 2.23 (1.73–2.87), and falls 1.47 (1.19–1.81) and comorbidities including dementia 3.69 (2.36–5.78) and stroke 1.92 (1.47–2.52) were associated with OD. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Early identification and management of OD should consider geriatric syndromes and neurogenic comorbidities to prevent malnutrition and pneumonia and reduce mortality in adults aged 60 years and older.

Prevalence of grief disorders in bereaved families of cancer patients: A meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 026921632110667
Author(s):  
Christina Yeni Kustanti ◽  
Hsin Chu ◽  
Xiao Linda Kang ◽  
Tsai-Wei Huang ◽  
Hsiu-Ju Jen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
Loved One ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Cancer Caregiving

Background: Cancer caregiving is a distressing experience and loss of a loved one can lead to intense grief and other adverse effects. However, the prevalence of grief disorders among families associated with cancer-related deaths remains unknown. Aim: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of grief disorders among families of patients with cancer to better inform clinicians, researchers, and policymakers. Design: Meta-analysis, PROSPERO number CRD42020209392. Data sources: The databases of CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, and Web of Science were comprehensively searched with no language restrictions. The quality of included studies was assessed with Hoy’s criteria. Results: Among the 3046 records screened, 19 studies were eligible for meta-analysis, with a total of 14,971 participants. The pooled prevalence rate of grief disorders was estimated at 14.2% (95% CI, 11.7%–16.7%), ranging from 7% to 39%. The prevalence was higher in females (10%; 95% CI, 8.2%–12.1%), those who are religious (9.55%; 95% CI, 8.97%–10.16%), spouses of the deceased (7.78%; 95% CI, 6.08%–9.69%), and families of patients with neurological cancers (6.4%; 95% CI, 0.10%–19.9%). Educational levels, study locations, diagnosis tools, time post-after loss, and study methods seemed not to affect the prevalence of grief disorders in families of patients with cancer. Conclusions: As the prevalence of grief disorders in cancer-related bereavement is substantial, therefore, support including palliative care is important to reduce the burden of caregiving. In addition, future studies are needed to identify and explore effective strategies that can help reduce the burden caused by grief disorders after the death of the patient.

scholarly journals Incidence and prevalence of systemic sclerosis globally: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis

Rheumatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majd Bairkdar ◽  
Marios Rossides ◽  
Helga Westerlind ◽  
Roger Hesselstrand ◽  
Elizabeth V Arkema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Prisma Statement ◽  
The World ◽  
Large Heterogeneity ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Objectives We aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on the incidence and prevalence of SSc covering the entire literature. Methods This study followed the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement of 2009. We conducted a systematic search in MEDLINE, Web of Science and Embase to identify articles reporting incidence and/or prevalence of SSc. Two authors conducted the search, reviewed articles for inclusion and extracted relevant data. We used random-effects models to estimate the pooled prevalence and incidence of SSc and performed subgroup analyses by sex, case definition and region to investigate heterogeneity. We explored the association between calendar period and reported estimates using meta-regression. Results Among 6983 unique records identified, we included 61 studies of prevalence and 39 studies of incidence in the systematic review. The overall pooled prevalence of SSc was 17.6 (95% CI 15.1, 20.5) per 100 000 and the overall pooled incidence rate of SSc was 1.4 (95% CI 1.1, 1.9) per 100 000 person-years. We observed significant regional variations in reported estimates; studies conducted in North America reported considerably higher estimates than other regions. The pooled incidence and prevalence in women were five times higher than in men. More recent studies reported higher estimates than older ones. Conclusion In this comprehensive review of the incidence and prevalence of SSc across the world, there was large heterogeneity among estimates, which should be taken into consideration when interpreting the results.

scholarly journals Hyperglycemia at admission is a strong predictor of mortality and severe/critical complications in COVID-19 patients: a meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Yang ◽  
Zixin Cai ◽  
Jingjing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Web Of Science ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Pool Data ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽  
Admission Group ◽  
Ottawa Scale

Abstract Background: Hyperglycemia at admission has been demonstrated to exacerbate the outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) but a meta-analysis is lacking to further confirm this hypothesis. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to summarize the evidence on the association between hyperglycemia at admission and the development of COVID-19. Method: Four databases namely, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Library, were screened for eligible studies. STATA software was utilized to pool data for this meta-analysis. The primary outcomes included mortality and severity. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated with random-effects models, and the quality of evidence was appraised by the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS). This meta-analysis was prospectively registered online on PROSPERO, CRD42020191763. Results: Sixteen observational studies with 6386 COVID-19 patients relating hyperglycemia at admission to COVID-19 outcomes were included. The overall data demonstrated that, compared with the control, the hyperglycemia at admission group was more likely to have increased mortality (OR = 3.45, 95% CI, 2.26–5.26) and severe/critical complications (OR = 2.08, 95% CI, 1.45–2.99) of COVID-19. Conclusion: Hyperglycemia at admission in COVID-19 patients may be a strong predictor of mortality and complications.

scholarly journals Dyslipidaemia and mortality in COVID-19 patients - a meta-analysis

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Zuin ◽  
Gianluca Rigatelli ◽  
Claudio Bilato ◽  
Carlo Cervellati ◽  
Giovanni Zuliani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Random Effects ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Statistical Heterogeneity ◽  
Trim And Fill

Abstract Objective The prevalence and prognostic implications of pre-existing dyslipidaemia in patients infected by the SARS-CoV-2 remain unclear. To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence and mortality risk in COVID-19 patients with pre-existing dyslipidaemia. Methods Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed in abstracting data and assessing validity. We searched MEDLINE and Scopus to locate all the articles published up to January 31, 2021, reporting data on dyslipidaemia among COVID-19 survivors and non-survivors. The pooled prevalence of dyslipidaemia was calculated using a random effects model and presenting the related 95% confidence interval (CI), while the mortality risk was estimated using the Mantel-Haenszel random effects models with odds ratio (OR) and related 95% CI. Statistical heterogeneity was measured using the Higgins I2 statistic. Results Eighteen studies, enrolling 74.132 COVID-19 patients [mean age 70.6 years], met the inclusion criteria and were included in the final analysis. The pooled prevalence of dyslipidaemia was 17.5% of cases (95% CI: 12.3-24.3%, p &lt; 0.0001), with high heterogeneity (I2=98.7%). Pre-existing dyslipidaemia was significantly associated with higher risk of short-term death (OR: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.19-2.41, p = 0.003), with high heterogeneity (I2=88.7%). Due to publication bias, according to the Trim-and-Fill method, the corrected random-effect ORs resulted 1.61, 95% CI 1.13-2.28, p &lt; 0.0001 (one studies trimmed). Conclusions Dyslipidaemia represents a major comorbidity in about 18% of COVID-19 patients but it is associated with a 60% increase of short-term mortality risk.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of TET2 Gene Mutations in Patients with BCR-ABL-Negative Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPN): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 3078
Author(s):  
Yuh Cai Chia ◽  
Md Asiful Islam ◽  
Phil Hider ◽  
Peng Yeong Woon ◽  
Muhammad Farid Johan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Differences ◽  
Myeloproliferative Neoplasms ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Critical Appraisal Tool ◽  
Appraisal Tool

Multiple recurrent somatic mutations have recently been identified in association with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). This meta-analysis aims to assess the pooled prevalence of TET2 gene mutations among patients with MPN. Six databases (PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Web of Science and Embase) were searched for relevant studies from inception till September 2020, without language restrictions. The eligibility criteria included BCR-ABL-negative MPN adults with TET2 gene mutations. A random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analyses explored results among different continents and countries, WHO diagnostic criteria, screening methods and types of MF. Quality assessment was undertaken using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tool. The study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020212223). Thirty-five studies were included (n = 5121, 47.1% female). Overall, the pooled prevalence of TET2 gene mutations in MPN patients was 15.5% (95% CI: 12.1–19.0%, I2 = 94%). Regional differences explained a substantial amount of heterogeneity. The prevalence of TET2 gene mutations among the three subtypes PV, ET and MF were 16.8%, 9.8% and 15.7%, respectively. The quality of the included studies was determined to be moderate–high among 83% of the included studies. Among patients with BCR-ABL-negative MPN, the overall prevalence of TET2 gene mutations was 15.5%.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Depression among Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 3406
Author(s):  
Beatriz Olaya ◽  
María Pérez-Moreno ◽  
Juan Bueno-Notivol ◽  
Patricia Gracia-García ◽  
Isabel Lasheras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Medical Doctors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Common Mental Health Problems

Background: There is evidence of a high psychological toll from the COVID-19 pandemic in healthcare workers. This paper was aimed at conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies reporting levels of depression among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 and estimating the pooled prevalence of depression. Methods: We searched for cross-sectional studies listed on PubMed from 1 December 2019 to 15 September 2020 that reported prevalence of depression in healthcare workers, nurses, medical doctors, and COVID-19 frontline professionals. The pooled proportions of depression were calculated with random effects models. Results: We identified 57 studies from seventeen countries. The pooled prevalence of depression in healthcare workers was 24% (95% CI: 20%−28%), 25% for nurses (95% CI: 18%−33%), 24% for medical doctors (95% CI: 16%−31%), and 43% for frontline professionals (95% CI: 28%−59%). Conclusions: The proportion of depression in nurses and medical doctors during the COVID-19 pandemic was similar to that found in the general population as previously reported in other meta-analyses conducted with smaller numbers of studies. Importantly, almost half of the frontline healthcare workers showed increased levels of depression. There is need for a comprehensive, international response to prevent and treat common mental health problems in healthcare workers.

#3117 Fregoli syndrome in primary and secondary psychosis: a case level meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 (8) ◽  
pp. A18-A18
Author(s):  
Maria Teixeira-Dias ◽  
Amber Kaur Dadwal ◽  
Graham Blackman
Keyword(s):  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Bias Assessment ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
Treatment Responses ◽  
The Right

Objectives/AimsFregoli syndrome is a rare delusion characterised by the misidentification of an individual, typically of someone who the patient has an emotional link towards. The pathoaetiology of Fregoli syndrome remains largely a mystery, however, it has been described in patients experiencing either a primary or secondary (organic) psychosis. We sought to compare the neuropsychiatric features of Fregoli syndrome in primary and secondary psychosis.MethodsA patient-level meta-analysis was conducted. Five databases were searched for any descriptions of Fregoli syndrome. The patients and the psychotic episodes details alongside the co-occurring neuropsychiatric features and treatment responses were extracted. A risk of bias assessment was carried by scoring the methodological quality of all case studies. Random-effects models were used to pool the data and odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated for each of the neuropsychiatric features extracted between primary and secondary psychoses groups.ResultsA total of 119 patients (62 with primary psychosis, 50 with secondary psychosis and 7 with mixed or unknown aetiology) with Fregoli syndrome were identified in the English literature. Persecutory features were more likely to occur in patients with primary Fregoli syndrome (OR = 0.26, 95% CI[0.10;0.67], p < 0.01). In addition, Fregoli syndrome in the context of a first-episode psychosis (OR = 11.00, 95% CI [2.45;49.39], p < 0.01) and in the presence of neuroimaging abnormalities (OR = 20.19, 95% CI [4.36; 93.47], p < 0.01) was significantly associated with secondary aetiology. Patients in the secondary psychosis group (n=14) showed more right hemisphere lesions than patients in the primary psychosis group (n=1), however this trend was not significant (p = 0.10). Furthermore, no statistical differences between psychoses groups were found for the demographic, clinical and neurophysiological features analysed.ConclusionsThis is the first meta-analysis investigating the features of Fregoli syndrome in primary and secondary psychosis.Findings suggest that secondary causes of Fregoli syndrome are associated with a first-episode of psychosis and that neuroimaging abnormalities, particularly in the right hemisphere, are associated with a secondary organic cause.

First-line contact aspiration versus first-line stent retriever for acute posterior circulation strokes: an updated meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. neurintsurg-2021-017497
Author(s):  
Gengfan Ye ◽  
Xuebin Wen ◽  
Hongcai Wang ◽  
Chengfeng Sun ◽  
Zhihao Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Posterior Circulation ◽  
Stent Retriever ◽  
First Line ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
First Pass

BackgroundBoth stent retriever (SR) and contact aspiration (CA) are widely used as first-line strategies for acute posterior circulation strokes (PCS). However, it is still unclear how CA and SR compare as the first-line treatment of acute PCS. Several new studies have been published recently, so we aimed to perform an updated meta-analysis.MethodsThe meta-analysis was conducted according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) statement. Random-effects models were performed to pool the outcomes and the value of I2 was calculated to assess the heterogeneity.ResultsTen observational studies with 1189 patients were included, among whom 492 received first-line CA and 697 received first-line SR. The pooled results revealed that first-line CA could achieve a significantly higher proportion of modified Thrombolysis In Cerebral Infarction (mTICI) 2b/3 (OR 1.90, 95% CI 1.33 to 2.71, I2=0%), mTICI 3 (OR 1.95, 95% CI 1.15 to 3.31, I2=59.6%), first-pass effect (OR 2.91, 95% CI 1.51 to 5.58, I2=0%), lower incidence of new-territory embolic events (OR 0.20, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.83, I2=0%), and shorter procedure time (mean difference −29.4 min, 95% CI −46.8 to −12.0 min, I2=62.8%) compared with first-line SR. At 90-day follow-up, patients subjected to first-line CA showed a higher functional independence (modified Rankin Scale score 0–2; OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.87, I2=23.5%) and a lower mortality (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.50 to 1.00, p=0.050, I2=0%) than those subjected to first-line SR.ConclusionsThis meta-analysis suggests that the first-line CA strategy could achieve better recanalization and clinical outcomes for acute PCS than first-line SR. Limited by the quality of included studies, this conclusion should be drawn with caution.

The global prevalence of familial multiple sclerosis: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naeim Ehtesham ◽  
Maryam Zare Rafie ◽  
Meysam Mosallaei
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Multifactorial Diseases ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Meta Regression ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors

Abstract Background: Considering that familial multiple sclerosis (FMS) can reveal the extent to which genetic and environmental factors each involve in the etiopathogenesis of the disease, we performed an updated meta-analysis of the worldwide prevalence of FMS by addition of recent publications. Methods: A search in PubMed, Scopus, the ISI Web of Science, and Google Scholar up to 20 December 2020 was done. The inclusion criteria were based on the CoCoPop approach (condition, context, and population). The qualified studies entered the process of the meta-analysis by using comprehensive meta-analysis ver. 2 software.Results: The pooled prevalence of MS in relatives of 16179 FMS cases was estimated to be 11.8% (95% CI: 10.7-13) based on a random-effects model. The pooled mean age of disease onset in adult probands was calculated to be 28.7 years (95% CI: 27.2± 30.2). In 13 studies that reported the data of FMS in pediatrics (n=6636) and adults (n=877), the FMS prevalence was 10.8% (95% CI: 8.1-14.2) and 15.5% (95% CI: 13.8-17.4), respectively. Considering the data of 9 studies, the prevalence of FMS in males (n=5243) and females (n=11503) patients was calculated to be 13.7% (95% CI: 10.1-18.2) and 15.4% (95% CI: 10.3-22.4), respectively. The odds ratio of male/female in FMS cases was not statistically significant (OR= 0.9; 95% CI: 0.6-1.2, P=0.55). Subgroup analysis demonstrated a significant difference in the prevalence of FMS between the geographical areas (P= 0.007). The meta-regression model for FMS prevalence was significantly lower in terms of higher latitude (P< 0.001) and increased MS prevalence (P< 0.001). In contrast, meta-regression based on prevalence day was not statistically significant (P=0.29).Conclusions: The prevalence of FMS is more in the pediatric group than that of adults, is distinct between geographical areas, and diminishes with the increment of MS prevalence and latitude. Also, the symptoms initiate relatively at lower ages in FMS cases. By contrast with multifactorial diseases, our analysis unveiled that the prevalence of FMS was not more prevalent in men than women and the risk of MS development in relatives was not more when the affected proband was male.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in Cameroon: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. e015748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Joel Bigna ◽  
Marie A Amougou ◽  
Serra Lem Asangbeh ◽  
Angeladine Malaha Kenne ◽  
Jobert Richie Nansseu
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Representative Study ◽  
East Region ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Rural Settings

ObjectiveBetter knowledge of hepatitis C virus (HCV) seroprevalence at the national level can help to implement pertinent strategies to address the HCV-related burden. The aim of this paper was to estimate the seroprevalence of HCV infection in Cameroon.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.ParticipantsPeople residing in Cameroon.Data sourcesElectronic databases including PubMed/MEDLINE, AJOL, WHO-Afro Library, Africa Index Medicus, National Institute of Statistics and National AIDS Control Committee, Cameroon from 1 January 2000 to 15 December 2016 were searched. English and French languages papers were considered. Two independent investigators selected studies. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa scale.Results31 studies including 36 407 individuals were finally considered. There was no national representative study. The overall pooled prevalence was 6.5% (95% CI 4.5% to 8.8%; I²=98.3%). A sensitivity analysis of individuals at low risk of HCV infection showed a pooled prevalence of 3.6% (95% CI 2.3% to 5.2%, I²=97.7%, 18 studies) among 22 860 individuals (general population, blood donors and pregnant women), which was higher than for a high-risk population (healthcare workers and people with other identified comorbidities), 12.2% (95% CI 4.9% to 22.2%; I²=98.3%, 13 studies); p=0.018. The prevalence was higher in the East region, in rural settings, and when using an enzyme immunoassay technique for detecting HCV antibodies. Sex, sites, study period, sample size, timing of data collection and methodological quality of studies were not sources of heterogeneity.LimitationOne-third of studies (29.0%) had a low risk bias in their methodology and most were facility-based (87.1%).ConclusionThe seroprevalence of HCV infection in Cameroon indicates the need for comprehensive and effective strategies to interrupt HCV transmission in the Cameroonian population. Specific attention is needed for the East region of the country, rural settings and high-risk populations. A national representative study is needed to provide better estimates.

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