Dyslipidaemia and mortality in COVID-19 patients - a meta-analysis

Abstract Objective The prevalence and prognostic implications of pre-existing dyslipidaemia in patients infected by the SARS-CoV-2 remain unclear. To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence and mortality risk in COVID-19 patients with pre-existing dyslipidaemia. Methods Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed in abstracting data and assessing validity. We searched MEDLINE and Scopus to locate all the articles published up to January 31, 2021, reporting data on dyslipidaemia among COVID-19 survivors and non-survivors. The pooled prevalence of dyslipidaemia was calculated using a random effects model and presenting the related 95% confidence interval (CI), while the mortality risk was estimated using the Mantel-Haenszel random effects models with odds ratio (OR) and related 95% CI. Statistical heterogeneity was measured using the Higgins I2 statistic. Results Eighteen studies, enrolling 74.132 COVID-19 patients [mean age 70.6 years], met the inclusion criteria and were included in the final analysis. The pooled prevalence of dyslipidaemia was 17.5% of cases (95% CI: 12.3-24.3%, p < 0.0001), with high heterogeneity (I2=98.7%). Pre-existing dyslipidaemia was significantly associated with higher risk of short-term death (OR: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.19-2.41, p = 0.003), with high heterogeneity (I2=88.7%). Due to publication bias, according to the Trim-and-Fill method, the corrected random-effect ORs resulted 1.61, 95% CI 1.13-2.28, p < 0.0001 (one studies trimmed). Conclusions Dyslipidaemia represents a major comorbidity in about 18% of COVID-19 patients but it is associated with a 60% increase of short-term mortality risk.

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Prognostic Role of Anemia in COVID-19 Patients: A Meta-Analysis

Infectious Disease Reports ◽

10.3390/idr13040085 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 930-937

Author(s):

Marco Zuin ◽

Gianluca Rigatelli ◽

Laura Quadretti ◽

Luisella Fogato ◽

Giovanni Zuliani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Random Effects ◽

Mortality Risk ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Final Analysis ◽

Short Term ◽

Random Effects Models ◽

Pooled Prevalence ◽

Statistical Heterogeneity ◽

Short Term Mortality ◽

Prevalence Of Anemia

Introduction. The prevalence and prognostic implications of anemia in patients infected by the SARS-CoV-2 remains unclear. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the prevalence and mortality risk in COVID-19 patients with anemia. Methods. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed in abstracting data and assessing validity. We searched MEDLINE and Scopus to locate all the articles published up to 1 September 2021, reporting data on the adjusted OR (aOR) for mortality among COVID-19 patients with anemia. The pooled prevalence of anemia among COVID-19 patients was calculated using a random effects model and presenting the related 95% confidence interval (CI), while the mortality risk was estimated using the Mantel-Haenszel random effects models with odds ratio (aOR) and related 95% CI. Statistical heterogeneity was measured using the Higgins I2 statistic. Results. Five studies, enrolling 9.623 COVID-19 patients [3.707 males (38.5%)], met the inclusion criteria and were included in the final analysis. The pooled prevalence of anemia was 25.6% of cases (95% CI: 8.3–56.5%), with high heterogeneity (I2 = 98.9%). Meta-regression showed that the anemia prevalence was influenced by a direct correlation with age (p = 0.007) and chronic kidney disease (p = 0.004) as moderating variables. Conversely, an inverse relationship was observed with male gender (p < 0.0001). Anemia was significantly associated with higher risk of short-term mortality (aOR: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.28–2.24, p < 0.001), with low heterogeneity (I2 = 0%). Conclusions. Anemia represents a major comorbidity in about 25% of COVID-19 patients and it is associated with about 70% higher risk of short-term mortality.

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Prognostic Role of Metabolic Syndrome in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review Meta-Analysis

Viruses ◽

10.3390/v13101938 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (10) ◽

pp. 1938

Author(s):

Marco Zuin ◽

Gianluca Rigatelli ◽

Claudio Bilato ◽

Carlo Cervellati ◽

Giovanni Zuliani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Random Effects ◽

Mortality Risk ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Short Term ◽

Pooled Prevalence ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Statistical Heterogeneity ◽

Short Term Mortality

Background: The prevalence and prognostic implications of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in patients infected by the SARS-CoV-2 remain unclear. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence and mortality risk in COVID-19 patients with MetS. Methods: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed in abstracting data and assessing validity. We searched MEDLINE and Scopus to locate every article published up to 1 September 2021, reporting data on MetS among COVID-19 patients. The pooled prevalence of MetS was calculated using a random effects model and presented using the related 95% confidence interval (CI), while the mortality risk was estimated using the Mantel-Haenszel random effects models with odds ratio (OR) and related 95% CI. Statistical heterogeneity was measured using the Higgins I2 statistic. Results: Six studies, enrolling 209.569 COVID-19 patients [mean age 57.2 years, 114.188 males (54.4%)] met the inclusion criteria and were included in the final analysis. The pooled prevalence of dyslipidaemia was 20.5% of cases (95% CI: 6.7–47.8%, p = 0.03), with high heterogeneity (I2 = 98.9%). Pre-existing MetS was significantly associated with higher risk of short-term mortality (OR: 2.30, 95% CI: 1.52–3.45, p < 0.001), with high heterogeneity (I2 = 89.4%). Meta-regression showed a direct correlation with male gender (p = 0.03), hypertension (p < 0.001), DM (p = 0.01) and hyperlipidaemia (p = 0.04), but no effect when considering age (p = 0.75) and chronic pulmonary disease (p = 0.86) as moderators. Conclusions: MetS represents a major comorbidity in about 20% of COVID-19 patients and it is associated with a 230% increased risk of short-term mortality.

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The prevalence of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders among homeless people: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMC Psychiatry ◽

10.1186/s12888-019-2361-7 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Getinet Ayano ◽

Getachew Tesfaw ◽

Shegaye Shumet

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Psychotic Disorders ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Homeless People ◽

Premature Mortality ◽

Final Analysis ◽

Pool Data ◽

Not Otherwise Specified ◽

Pooled Prevalence

Abstract Background Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders constitute a huge global burden of disease and they are major contributors to disability as well as premature mortality among homeless people. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders among homeless people. Methods PubMed, Embase, and Scopus were searched to identify pertinent studies. We used a fixed- or random-effect meta-analysis to pool data from the included studies depending on the anticipated heterogeneity. A predesigned search strategy, as well as inclusion and exclusion criteria, were used. We also performed subgroup and sensitivity analysis and Cochran’s Q- and the I2 test was employed to compute heterogeneity. Egger’s test and visual inspection of the symmetry in funnel plots were used to assess publication bias. Results Thirty-one studies involving 51,925 homeless people were included in the final analysis. The meta-analysis showed a remarkably higher prevalence of psychosis [21.21% (95% CI:13.73, 31.29), I2 = 99.43%], schizophrenia [10.29% (95%, CI: 6.44, 16.02), I2 = 98.76%], schizophreniform disorder [2.48% (95% CI: 6.16, 28.11), I2 = 88.84%] schizoaffective disorder [3.53% (95% CI: 1.33, 9.05), I2 = 31.63%,] as well as psychotic disorders not otherwise specified [9% (95% CI: 6.92, 11.62), I2 = 33.38%] among homeless people. The prevalence estimate of psychosis was higher in developing (29.16%) as compared to developed (18.80%) countries. Similarly, the prevalence of schizophrenia was highest in developing (22.15%) than developed (8.83%) countries. Conclusion This systematic review and meta-analysis revealed that schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders are highly prevalent among homeless people, indicating an urgent need for studies to help develop better mechanisms of prevention, detection as well as treatment of those disorders among homeless people.

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Global Prevalence of Macroprolactinemia among Patients with Hyperprolactinemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17218199 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (21) ◽

pp. 8199

Author(s):

Noor Azlin Azraini Che Soh ◽

Najib Majdi Yaacob ◽

Julia Omar ◽

Aniza Mohammed Jelani ◽

Noorazliyana Shafii ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Random Effects ◽

Eastern Mediterranean ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Original Data ◽

Prevalence Estimate ◽

African Region ◽

Diagnostic Dilemma ◽

Global Prevalence ◽

Pooled Prevalence ◽

Statistical Heterogeneity

Hyperprolactinemia (hPRL) often poses a diagnostic dilemma due to the presence of macroprolactin. Understanding the prevalence of macroprolactinemia (mPRL) has an important implication in managing patients with hPRL. The primary aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of mPRL globally and to explore selected factors influencing the prevalence estimate. Studies with original data related to the prevalence of mPRL among patients with hPRL from inception to March 2020 were identified, and a random effects meta-analysis was performed. Of the 3770 records identified, 67 eligible studies from 27 countries were included. The overall global prevalence estimate was 18.9% (95% CI: 15.8%, 22.1%) with a substantial statistical heterogeneity (I2 = 95.7%). The highest random effects pooled prevalence was observed in the African region (30.3%), followed by Region of the Americas (29.1%), European (17.5%), Eastern Mediterranean (13.9%), South-East Asian (12.7%), and Western Pacific Region (12.6%). Lower prevalence was observed in studies involving both sexes as compared to studies involving only female participants (17.1% vs. 25.4%) and in more recent studies (16.4%, 20.4%, and 26.5% in studies conducted after 2009, between 2000 and 2009, and before 2000, respectively). The prevalence estimate does not vary according to the age group of study participants, sample size, and types of polyethylene glycol (PEG) used for detection of macroprolactin (PEG 6000 or PEG 8000). With macroprolactin causing nearly one-fifth of hPRL cases, screening for mPRL should be made a routine before an investigation of other causes of hPRL.

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Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Brazilian Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta- Analysis of Published Studies

10.21203/rs.3.rs-927383/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Letícia Teixeira de Siqueira Valadares ◽

Luíza Siqueira Barreto de Souza ◽

Valdir Alves Salgado Júnior ◽

Larissa de Freitas Bonomo ◽

Leandro Roberto de Macedo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

General Population ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Adult Population ◽

Random Effect ◽

Random Effect Model ◽

Final Analysis ◽

Pooled Prevalence ◽

Study Implementation ◽

Meta Regression Analysis

Abstract BackgroundA cluster of interconnected cardiometabolic risk factors characterizes metabolic Syndrome (MetS). The prevalence of MetS is increasing worldwide, but there is not a meta-analysis of this prevalence in the Brazilian population. We aimed to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among adult general population in Brazil through a meta‑analysis study. MethodsOriginal research studies were searched at PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and SciELO databases, from 2011 to 2021. We used the Joanna Briggs Institute tool to assess the quality of included studies. The random effect model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of MetS. Subgroup and meta-regression analysis were conducted for explored heterogeneity and used the Funnel Plot to assess publication bias. The study was performed based on the criteria of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). ResultsThe search in electronic databases identified 1598 records. From this total, 26 studies were eligible to be included in the final analysis. The overall pooled prevalence among the general population of Brazil was 33% with high heterogeneity observed. By gender, the prevalences were 26% in males and 38% in females. By criteria that was used to define MetS, the prevalence were 31% in NCEP ATP III, 25% in JIS, 37% in IDF/NHLBI/AHA/WHF/IAS/IASO and 33% in IDF criteria. The prevalence in different habitat was 34% in urban, 15% in rural, 28% in quilombola and 37% in indigenous. In different regions was 37% in the South, 30% in Southeast, 38% in North, 31% in Northeast and 39% in Midwest. The pooled prevalence of MetS with age was <45 years: 43% and ≥45 years: 42% and the prevalence based on year of study implementation was 31% in 2015-2019, 35% in 2010-2014 and 28% in 2005-2009. There were no statistically significant differences between subgroups. Most of the studies showed high quality assessment criteria’s except adequate sample size criteria and many studies participants were not sampled in an appropriate way. ConclusionsOur review indicates a high prevalence of MetS in the healthy Brazilian adult population, when compared to others countries and with a world estimate.

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An Estimate of Global Anthrax Prevalence in Livestock: A Meta-analysis

Veterinary World ◽

10.14202/vetworld.2021.1263-1271 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1263-1271

Author(s):

Bylaiah Sushma ◽

Seema Shedole ◽

Kuralayanapalya Puttahonnappa Suresh ◽

Gowda Leena ◽

Sharanagouda S. Patil ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Random Effects ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Economic Loss ◽

Control Measures ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

Random Effects Models ◽

Online Databases ◽

Pooled Prevalence

Background and Aim: Anthrax, caused by the soil-borne spore-forming bacteria called Bacillus anthracis, is a zoonotic disease that persists worldwide in livestock and wildlife and infects humans. It is a great hazard to livestock; henceforth, evaluating the global concerns about the disease occurrence in livestock is essential. This study was conducted to estimate the global prevalence of anthrax and predict high-risk regions, which could be an input to veterinarians to take necessary steps to control and avoid the disease. Materials and Methods: A literature review was performed using online databases, namely, PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Biomed Central, and Science Direct, to extract relevant publications worldwide between 1992 and 2020. Initially, 174 articles were selected, and after scrutinizing, 24 articles reporting the prevalence of anthrax were found to be adequate for the final meta-analysis. The statistical study was accompanied by employing fixed effects and random effects models using R. Results: The pooled prevalence of anthrax globally was 28% (95% confidence interval, 26-30%) from 2452 samples through the fixed effects model. Continent-wise subgroup analysis through the random effects model revealed that the pooled prevalence of anthrax was highest in Africa (29%) and least in North America (21%). Conclusion: In these publications, anthrax causes economic loss to farmers and, thus, to the world. Hence, controlling anthrax infections in high-risk regions are essential by implementing appropriate control measures to decrease the effect of the disease, thereby reducing economic loss.

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Prevalence of human papillomavirus detection in ovarian cancer: a meta-analysis

European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1007/s10096-021-04282-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Soumia Cherif ◽

Abdessamad Amine ◽

Sarah Thies ◽

Eliane T. Taube ◽

Elena Ioana Braicu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Random Effect Model ◽

Geographic Region ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Published Data ◽

Pooled Prevalence ◽

Statistical Heterogeneity ◽

Subgroup Analyses

AbstractWe conducted a meta-analysis of published data to update and estimate the prevalence of HPV in ovarian cancer. A comprehensive literature search was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. Eligible articles published from 1989 until 2020 by searching Web of Sciences, Pubmed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library Central databases were gathered. A pooled estimation of HPV prevalence with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated based on a random effect model. Quantitative assessment of heterogeneity was explored using Cochrane test and I2. Additionally, publication bias, sensitivity, meta-regression, and subgroup analyses were also performed. Twenty-nine studies involving 2280 patients with ovarian cancer were included. The statistical heterogeneity was high (I2 = 88%, P<0.0001). The pooled prevalence of HPV in ovarian cancer cases was 15.9% (95% CI, 11–22). In subgroup analyses, the highest prevalence of HPV was reported by studies from Asia (30.9%; 95% CI, 20–44) and Eastern Europe (29.3%; 95% CI, 4.4–78). Furthermore, the most frequently detected HPV genotype was HPV16 (54%; 95% CI, 27.9–55), followed by HPV18 (23.2%; 95% CI, 18.8–28.2). Our meta-analysis suggests a great difference in the prevalence of HPV detected in ovarian cancer by different studies, which is not seen in strongly HPV-associated cancers such as cervical cancer. However, the prevalence varied markedly by geographic region. Considering the substantial heterogeneity found, more studies with control groups and precise assays measuring HPV mRNA expression are needed to further evaluate the link and causative aetiology between HPV and ovarian cancer.

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A meta-analysis comparing short-term weight and cardiometabolic changes between olanzapine/samidorphan and olanzapine

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-87285-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Manit Srisurapanont ◽

Sirijit Suttajit ◽

Surinporn Likhitsathian ◽

Benchalak Maneeton ◽

Narong Maneeton

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Random Effect Model ◽

Dropout Rates ◽

Lower Percentage ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Weight Changes ◽

Short Term ◽

Short Term Treatment

AbstractThis study compared weight and cardiometabolic changes after short-term treatment of olanzapine/samidorphan and olanzapine. Eligible criteria for an included trial were ≤ 24 weeks, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared olanzapine/samidorphan and olanzapine treatments in patients/healthy volunteers and reported weight or cardiometabolic outcomes. Three databases were searched on October 31, 2020. Primary outcomes included weight changes and all-cause dropout rates. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) and risk ratios (RRs) were computed and pooled using a random-effect model. This meta-analysis included four RCTs (n = 1195). The heterogeneous data revealed that weight changes were not significantly different between olanzapine/samidorphan and olanzapine groups (4 RCTs, SDM = − 0.19, 95% CI − 0.45 to 0.07, I2 = 75%). The whole-sample, pooled RR of all-cause dropout rates (4 RCTs, RR = 1.02, 95% CI 0.84 to 1.23, I2 = 0%) was not significant different between olanzapine/samidorphan and olanzapine groups. A lower percentage of males and a lower initial body mass index were associated with the greater effect of samidorphan in preventing olanzapine-induced weight gain. Current evidence is insufficient to support the use of samidorphan to prevent olanzapine-induced weight gain and olanzapine-induced cardiometabolic abnormalities. Samidorphan is well accepted by olanzapine-treated patients.

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The Prevalence of Mild Cognitive Impairment among Chinese People: A Meta-Analysis

Neuroepidemiology ◽

10.1159/000512597 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 55 (2) ◽

pp. 79-91

Author(s):

Yan Deng ◽

Siqi Zhao ◽

Guangwen Cheng ◽

Jiajia Yang ◽

Benchao Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Diagnostic Criteria ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Random Effect Model ◽

Internal Validity ◽

Screening Tools ◽

Chinese Elderly ◽

Pooled Prevalence

Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) induced the majority number of dementia patients. The prevalence of MCI in China varied across studies with different screening tools and diagnostic criteria. Objective: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the pooled MCI prevalence among the population aged 55 years and older in China. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, CNKI, Wanfang, CQVIP, and CBMdisc were searched for studies on prevalence of MCI among Chinese elderly between January 1, 1980, and February 10, 2020. The quality assessment was conducted via external validity, internal validity, and informativity, the pooled prevalence was calculated through the random-effect model, and the homogeneity was evaluated by Cochran’s Q test and I2. Results: Fifty-three studies with 123,766 subjects were included. The pooled prevalence of MCI among Chinese elderly was 15.4% (95% CI: 13.5–17.4%). Subgroup analyses indicated that the prevalence calculated with different screening tools was 20.2% (95% CI: 15.1–25.9%) for Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and 13.0% (95% CI: 10.7–15.5%) for Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). According to different diagnostic criteria, the prevalence was 14.8% (95% CI: 12.2–17.6%) for Petersen criteria, 15.0% (95% CI: 12.7–17.5%) for DSM-IV, and 21.2% (95% CI: 17.5–25.2%) for Chinese Expert Consensus on Cognitive Impairment (CECCI). Besides, women, older adults, illiterate people, rural residents, and those who lived with unhealthy lifestyles and morbidity showed higher prevalence. Conclusions: The prevalence of MCI in China was 15.4%, which varied by demographics, lifestyles, morbidity, screening tools, and diagnostic criteria. In further studies, screening tools and diagnosis criteria should be considered when estimating MCI prevalence.

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Association of bisphenol A with puberty timing: a meta-analysis

Reviews on Environmental Health ◽

10.1515/reveh-2020-0091 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Hui Meng ◽

Yunping Zhou ◽

Yunxia Jiang

Keyword(s):

Bisphenol A ◽

Confidence Intervals ◽

Random Effects ◽

Strong Correlation ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effects Models ◽

Study Heterogeneity ◽

The Relationship ◽

Prevalence Ratios

AbstractObjectivesThe results of existing studies on bisphenol A (BPA) and puberty timing did not reach a consensus. Thereby we performed this meta-analytic study to explore the association between BPA exposure in urine and puberty timing.MethodsMeta-analysis of the pooled odds ratios (OR), prevalence ratios (PR) or hazards ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated and estimated using fixed-effects or random-effects models based on between-study heterogeneity.ResultsA total of 10 studies involving 5621 subjects were finally included. The meta-analysis showed that BPA exposure was weakly associated with thelarche (PR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.93–0.99), while no association was found between BPA exposure and menarche (HR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.89–1.12; OR: 1.02, 95% CI: 0.73–1.43), and pubarche (OR: 1.00, 95% CI: 0.79–1.26; PR: 1.00, 95% CI: 0.95–1.05).ConclusionsThere was no strong correlation between BPA exposure and puberty timing. Further studies with large sample sizes are needed to verify the relationship between BPA and puberty timing.

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