scholarly journals Optimized multimodal biometric system based fusion technique for human identification

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 2411-2418
Author(s):  
Muthana H. Hamd ◽  
Rabab A. Rasool
Keyword(s):  
Distance Measure ◽  
Human Identification ◽  
Decision Fusion ◽  
Phase Congruency ◽  
Biometric System ◽  
Multimodal System ◽  
Face Features ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
The One ◽  
Recognition Software

This paper presents three novelty aspects in developing biometric system-based face recognition software for human identification applications. First, the computations cost is greatly reduced by eliminating the feature extraction phase and considering only the detected face features from the phase congruency. Secondly, a motivation towards applying a new technique, named mean-based training (MBT) is applied urgently to overcome the matching delay caused by the long feature vector. The last novelty aspect is utilizing the one-to-one mapping relationship for fusing the edge-to-angle unimodal classification results into a multimodal system using the logical-OR rule. Despite some dataset difficulties like Unconstrained Facial Images(UFI) which includes varying illuminations, expressions, occlusions, and poses, the multimodal system has highly improved the accuracy rate and achieved a promising recognition result, where the decision fusion is classified correctly (84, 92, and 72%) with only one training vector per MBT in contrast to (80, 62, and 68%) with five training vectors for Normal matching. These results are measured by Eucledian, Manhattan, and Cosine distance measure respectively.

scholarly journals A Survey on Unimodal, Multimodal Biometrics and Its Fusion Techniques

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.36) ◽  
pp. 689 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Raju ◽  
V. Udayashankara
Keyword(s):  
Information Fusion ◽  
Human Identification ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Biometric System ◽  
Multimodal Biometrics ◽  
Multimodal Biometric System ◽  
Face Features ◽  
Biometric Systems ◽  
Characteristic Sequences ◽  
Multimodal Biometric Systems

Presently, a variety of biometric modalities are applied to perform human identification or user verification. Unimodal biometric systems (UBS) is a technique which guarantees authentication information by processing distinctive characteristic sequences and these are fetched out from individuals. However, the performance of unimodal biometric systems restricted in terms of susceptibility to spoof attacks, non-universality, large intra-user variations, and noise in sensed data. The Multimodal biometric systems defeat various limitations of unimodal biometric systems as the sources of different biometrics typically compensate for the inherent limitations of one another. The objective of this article is to analyze various methods of information fusion for biometrics, and summarize, to conclude with direction on future research proficiency in a multimodal biometric system using ECG, Fingerprint and Face features. This paper is furnished as a ready reckoner  for those researchers, who wish to persue their work in the area of biometrics.  

The Death of the Data Subject

2021 ◽  
pp. 174387212110493
Author(s):  
Gordon Hull
Keyword(s):  
Data Privacy ◽  
Biometric Identification ◽  
Legal Subject ◽  
Legal Standing ◽  
Legal Accountability ◽  
The One ◽  
Recognition Software ◽  
Corporate Liability ◽  
Data Subject ◽  
Central Claim

This paper situates the data privacy debate in the context of what I call the death of the data subject. My central claim is that concept of a rights-bearing data subject is being pulled in two contradictory directions at once, and that simultaneous attention to these is necessary to understand and resist the extractive practices of the data industry. Specifically, it is necessary to treat the problems facing the data subject structurally, rather than by narrowly attempting to vindicate its rights. On the one hand, the data industry argues that subjects of biometric identification lack legal standing to pursue claims in court, and Facebook recently denied that that its facial recognition software recognizes faces. On the other hand, industry takes consent to terms of service and arbitration clauses to create enforceable legal subject positions, while using promises of personalization to create a phenomenological subject that is unaware of the extent to which it is being manipulated. Data subjects thus have no legal existence when it is a matter of corporate liability, but legal accountability when it is a matter of their own liability. Successful reform should address the power asymmetries between individuals and data companies that enable this structural disempowerment.

scholarly journals One-Time Cortical Lamina: A New Technique for Horizontal Ridge Augmentation. A Case Series

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 22-30
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Foti ◽  
Davide Savio ◽  
Roberto Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Fibrin Sealant ◽  
Case Series ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Marginal Bone Loss ◽  
Ridge Augmentation ◽  
Keratinized Tissue ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
The One ◽  
Hard Consistency

The aim of this case series is to introduce the One-Time Cortical Lamina Technique, a simplification of the F.I.R.S.T. (Fibrinogen-Induced Regeneration Sealing Technique) in cases where only horizontal augmentation is needed. The indications for this technique are ASA2 and ASA1 anxious patients. Pre-requisites for this surgical technique are: a good amount of keratinized tissue, sufficient alveolar ridge width for placement of implants, thickness of vestibular bone at CBCT planning less than 1 mm with risk of threads exposure. Five patients with horizontal deficiencies were selected to test the efficacy of this approach. The defects were augmented using a porcine cortical bone lamina in combination with collagenated porcine bone mixed with fibrin sealant. The cortical lamina was placed only buccal to the implants and stabilized with fibrin sealant, without pins or screws. Upon completion of the implant surgery, healing abutments were connected to the implants and the soft tissue sutured around them. The healing was uneventful in all cases. Six months after surgery impressions for final restorations were taken and screwed crowns delivered. The new volume had hard consistency and the follow-up CBCT measured an average of 4.17 mm of horizontal bone augmentation. One to three years of follow up demonstrated the maintenance of vestibular volume, hard consistency and clinical stability. Intraoral X-rays showed no marginal bone loss. An advantage of this technique could be the one stage surgery that creates a stable environment for regeneration from day one.

scholarly journals Dynamical behavior of a stochastic predator-prey model with general functional response and nonlinear jump-diffusion

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Xinhong Zhang ◽  
Qing Yang
Keyword(s):  
Functional Response ◽  
Dynamical Behavior ◽  
Uniform Boundedness ◽  
Jump Diffusion ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Predator Prey Model ◽  
Prey Model ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
The One

<p style='text-indent:20px;'>In this paper, we consider a stochastic predator-prey model with general functional response, which is perturbed by nonlinear Lévy jumps. Firstly, We show that this model has a unique global positive solution with uniform boundedness of <inline-formula><tex-math id="M1">\begin{document}$ \theta\in(0,1] $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>-th moment. Secondly, we obtain the threshold for extinction and exponential ergodicity of the one-dimensional Logistic system with nonlinear perturbations. Then based on the results of Logistic system, we introduce a new technique to study the ergodic stationary distribution for the stochastic predator-prey model with general functional response and nonlinear jump-diffusion, and derive the sufficient and almost necessary condition for extinction and ergodicity.</p>

scholarly journals The Missing Label Problem: Addressing False Assumptions Improves Ligand-Based Virtual Screening

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis Martin ◽  
Michael Bowen
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Screening ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Design Theory ◽  
Mapping Function ◽  
True Negative ◽  
Binding Interactions ◽  
Multiple Binding Sites ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
The One ◽  
Machine Readable

<div>Ligand-based virtual screening (LBVS) uses machine readable representations of chemicals to learn a mapping function that can predict binding interactions with protein labels. Because it is highly scalable it is increasingly used in drug development in academic and pharmaceutical contexts. We have identified assumptions commonly used in LBVS that are false, which collectively can be described as the missing label problem. Firstly, many of the binding interactions in the bioactivity databases typically used to train LBVS models have never been tested before, but the absence of a label is interpreted by most models as a true negative. Secondly, many proteins have multiple binding sites with unrelated shapes but the associated ligands are grouped together under the one protein label. These assumptions frustrate the ability of the model to learn a correct mapping function. Here we use statistical techniques to predict values for the missing labels and binding sites and show how this improves the ability of LBVS models to rank ligands correctly. In the process we introduce a new technique for removing bias during model evaluation based on data blocking from experimental design theory. All data and code for analysis and generating figures is publicly available on github (https://github.com/ljmartin/Missing_label_problem).<br></div>

Inhomogeneous thermal conduction equations

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 928-935
Author(s):  
C. S. Lai
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equations ◽  
Thermal Conduction ◽  
Series Solution ◽  
Nonlinear Differential Equations ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Incompressible Fluids ◽  
Self Similar Solution ◽  
Self Similar ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
The One

The method of self-similar solution of partial differential equations is applied to the one-, two-, and three-dimensional inhomogeneous thermal conduction equations with the thermometric conductivities χ ~ rmWn. Analytical solutions are obtained for the case that the total amount of heat is conserved. For the case that the temperature is maintained constant at r = 0, a new technique of the series solution about the point of intercept is proposed to solve the resultant nonlinear differential equations. The solutions obtained are useful in studying the thermal conduction characteristics of some incompressible fluids.

Feature and Rank Level Fusion for Privacy Preserved Multi-Biometric System

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Padma Polash Paul ◽  
Marina Gavrilova
Keyword(s):  
Main Idea ◽  
Random Projection ◽  
Decision Fusion ◽  
Projection Algorithm ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Biometric System ◽  
Biometric Technology ◽  
Template Security ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Level Fusion

Privacy protection in biometric system is a newly emerging biometric technology that can provide the protection against various attacks by intruders. In this paper, the authors have presented a multi-level of random projection method based on face and ear biometric traits. Privacy preserved templates are used in the proposed system. The main idea behind the privacy preserve computation is the random projection algorithm. Multiple random projection matrixes are used to generate multiple templates for biometric authentication. Newly introduced random fusion method is used in the proposed system; therefore, proposed method can provide better template security, privacy and feature quality. Multiple randomly fused templates are used for recognition purpose and finally decision fusion is applied to generate the final classification result. The proposed method works in a similar way human cognition for face recognition works, furthermore it preserve privacy and multimodality of the system.

scholarly journals EMPTINESS FORMATION PROBABILITY AND QUANTUM KNIZHNIK-ZAMOLODCHIKOV EQUATION

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (supp02) ◽  
pp. 57-81
Author(s):  
H. E. BOOS ◽  
V. E. KOREPIN ◽  
F. A. SMIRNOV
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Correlations ◽  
Zero Magnetic Field ◽  
Heisenberg Antiferromagnet ◽  
Zero Temperature ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Formation Probability ◽  
Antiferromagnetic Ground State ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
The One ◽  
Zamolodchikov Equation

We consider the one-dimensional XXX spin 1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet at zero temperature and zero magnetic field. We are interested in a probability of a formation of a ferromagnetic string P(n) in the antiferromagnetic ground-state. We call it emptiness formation probability [EFP]. We suggest a new technique for computation of the EFP in the inhomogeneous case. It is based on the quantum Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equation [qKZ]. We calculate EFP for n≤6 for the inhomogeneous case. The homogeneous limit confirms our hypothesis about the relation of quantum correlations and number theory. We also make a conjecture about a structure of EFP for arbrary n.

A seismic passive imaging step beyond SPAC and ReMi

Geophysics ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
pp. KS63-KS72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Mulargia ◽  
Silvia Castellaro
Keyword(s):  
Passive Imaging ◽  
Small Aperture ◽  
Simple Geometry ◽  
Recording Station ◽  
Refraction Microtremor ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Statistical Mode ◽  
The One ◽  
Aperture Arrays ◽  
The Waves

The basic property of passive imaging is that, given any two points, one of them can be taken as the source of the waves and the other as the recording station. This property can be derived from the statistical self-alignment of the rays along the vector joining the two points, and applies also to nondiffuse wavefields like seismic tremor. It provides a statistical basis for the use of the stationary phase integral, allowing passive interferometry under the mild constraint of mechanical homogeneity at a local scale. Combined with the tremor’s large spectral bandwidth, it allows one to recover the local Green’s function from spatial correlation. Furthermore, combining this property also with the azimuthal isotropy of either the wavefield or the array, and using the statistical mode as the estimator, provides a new technique to measure the local velocity dispersion in the subsoil. This technique exploits the potential of spatial autocorrelation (SPAC) and refraction microtremor (ReMi), allowing one (1) to use sparse small-aperture arrays with simple geometry, (2) to dispense with the fitting of Bessel functions, and (3) to measure, in a few minutes, the local (phase and group) wave velocity as a function of frequency of potentially all the wave-propagation modes — body and surface — and not just of the one prevailing at each frequency.

Determination of Optimum Profile of One-Dimensional Cooling Fins

1983 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Hati ◽  
S. S. Rao
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Differential Equations ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Minimum Principle ◽  
Problem Formulation ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
The One ◽  
Optimum Profile

The optimum design of an one-dimensional cooling fin is considered by including all modes of heat transfer in the problem formulation. The minimum principle of Pontryagin is applied to determine the optimum profile. A new technique is used to solve the reduced differential equations with split boundary conditions. The optimum profile found is compared with the one obtained by considering only conduction and convection.

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