scholarly journals Lifetime centric load balancing mechanism in wireless sensor network based IoT environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 4183
Author(s):  
Veerabadrappa Veerabadrappa ◽  
Booma Poolan Marikannan
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Load Balancing ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Clustering Algorithms ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Communication Overhead ◽  
Physical Parameters

Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a vital form of the underlying technology of the internet of things (IoT); WSN comprises several energy-constrained sensor nodes to monitor various physical parameters. Moreover, due to the energy constraint, load balancing plays a vital role considering the wireless sensor network as battery power. Although several clustering algorithms have been proposed for providing energy efficiency, there are chances of uneven load balancing and this causes the reduction in network lifetime as there exists inequality within the network. These scenarios occur due to the short lifetime of the cluster head. These cluster head (CH) are prime responsible for all the activity as it is also responsible for intra-cluster and inter-cluster communications. In this research work, a mechanism named lifetime centric load balancing mechanism (LCLBM) is developed that focuses on CH-selection, network design, and optimal CH distribution. Furthermore, under LCLBM, assistant cluster head (ACH) for balancing the load is developed. LCLBM is evaluated by considering the important metrics, such as energy consumption, communication overhead, number of failed nodes, and one-way delay. Further, evaluation is carried out by comparing with ES-Leach method, through the comparative analysis it is observed that the proposed model outperforms the existing model.

scholarly journals Improved LEACH protocol using cache nodes for wireless sensor network

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.27) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Kamini Joshi ◽  
Sandeep Singh Kang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Energy Distance ◽  
Leach Protocol

The wireless sensor network is the decentralized type of network which can sense information and pass it to base station. The energy consumption is the major issue of WSN due to small of sensor nodes and far deployment of the network. The clustering is the efficient approach to increase lifetime of the sensor network. In the approach of clustering cluster head are selected for the data aggregation. The fuzzy logic rules are derived based on node energy, distance to base station for the cluster head selection, which increase lifetime of sensor nodes in the existing system. In this research work, cache nodes are deployed in the network which reduce energy consumption of WSN. In the proposed approach cluster head send data to cache nodes and it will forward data to base station. The simulation is performed in MATLAB and proposed technique performs well in terms of number of packets transmitted, number of dead nodes, network lifetime, throughput and remaining energy.  

scholarly journals HYBRID APPROACH USING MOBILE SINK AND FUZZY LOGIC FOR REGION BASED CLUSTERING IN WSN

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 6933-6944
Author(s):  
Amneet Kaur ◽  
Harpreet Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Fuzzy Variables

Wireless sensor network has revolutionized the way computing and software services are delivered to the clients on demand. Wireless sensor network is very important to the mankind. It consist of number of sensor called nodes and a base station. Nodes collect data and send to the base station. There are number of nodes which send data at a time. So, number of problems are occurred. So, far this nodes are divided into cluster then a cluster head will be formed. WSN is a battery powered system. When the battery is died no data send or received. So when all nodes participate for sending and receiving data then system is died earlier. Our research work proposed a new method for cluster head selection having less computational complexity. It was also found that the modified approach has improved performance to that of the other clustering approaches. The network area is divided into same sized small–small regions. Sensor nodes are randomly deployed in each predefined sub-area. Each region will have its region head (RH) and multiple member nodes. The member nodes in a specific region will send the data to the RH. RH within the region will be elected by distributed mechanism and will be based on fuzzy variables. It was found that the proposed algorithm gives a much improved network lifetime as compared to existing work. Based on our model, transmission tuning algorithm for cluster-based WSNs has been proposed to balance the load among cluster heads that fall in different regions. This algorithm is applied prior to a cluster algorithm to improve the performance of the clustering algorithm without affecting the performance of individual sensor nodes.

scholarly journals A NOVEL APPROACH OF CLUSTERING FOR ENHANCED LIFETIME IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 7031-7039
Author(s):  
Chamanpreet Kaur ◽  
Vikramjit Singh
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Mobile Node ◽  
Separation Distance ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Wireless Sensor

Wireless sensor network has revolutionized the way computing and software services are delivered to the clients on demand. Our research work proposed a new method for cluster head selection having less computational complexity. It was also found that the modified approach has improved performance to that of the other clustering approaches. The cluster head election mechanism will include various parameters like maximum residual energy of a node, minimum separation distance and minimum distance to the mobile node. Each CH will create a TDMA schedule for the member nodes to transmit the data. Nodes will have various level of power for signal amplification. The three levels of power are used for amplifying the signal. As the member node will send only its own data to the cluster head, the power level of the member node is set to low. The cluster head will send the data of the whole cluster to the mobile node, therefore the power level of the cluster head is set to medium. High power level is used for mobile node which will send the data of the complete sector to the base station. Using low energy level for intra cluster transmissions (within the cluster) with respect to cluster head to mobile node transmission leads in saving much amount of energy. Moreover, multi-power levels also reduce the packet drop ratio, collisions and/ or interference for other signals. It was found that the proposed algorithm gives a much improved network lifetime as compared to existing work. Based on our model, multiple experiments have been conducted using different values of initial energy.

scholarly journals An Enhanced Underwater Linear Wireless Sensor Network Deployment Strategy for Data Collection

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahoor Ahmed ◽  
Kamalrulnizam Abu Bakar
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Packet Delivery ◽  
Deployment Strategy ◽  
Underwater Pipeline

The deployment of Linear Wireless Sensor Network (LWSN) in underwater environment has attracted several research studies in the underwater data collection research domain. One of the major issues in underwater data collection is the lack of robust structure in the deployment of sensor nodes. The challenge is more obvious when considering a linear pipeline that covers hundreds of kilometers. In most of the previous work, nodes are deployed not considering heterogeneity and capacity of the various sensor nodes. This lead to the problem of inefficient data delivery from the sensor nodes on the underwater pipeline to the sink node at the water surface. Therefore, in this study, an Enhanced Underwater Linear Wireless Sensor Network Deployment (EULWSND) has been proposed in order to improve the robustness in linear sensor underwater data collection. To this end, this paper presents a review of related literature in an underwater linear wireless sensor network. Further, a deployment strategy is discussed considering linearity of the underwater pipeline and heterogeneity of sensor nodes. Some research challenges and directions are identified for future research work. Furthermore, the proposed deployment strategy is implemented using AQUASIM and compared with an existing data collection scheme. The result demonstrates that the proposed EULWSND outperforms the existing Dynamic Address Routing Protocol for Pipeline Monitoring (DARP-PM) in terms of overhead and packet delivery ratio metrics. The scheme performs better in terms of lower overhead with 17.4% and higher packet delivery with 20.5%.

scholarly journals Cluster Head Selection in a Homogeneous Wireless Sensor Network Ensuring Full Connectivity with Minimum Isolated Nodes

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tapan Kumar Jain ◽  
Davinder Singh Saini ◽  
Sunil Vidya Bhooshan
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Cluster Head Selection ◽  
Number Of Clusters ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
The One

The research work proposes a cluster head selection algorithm for a wireless sensor network. A node can be a cluster head if it is connected to at least one unique neighbor node where the unique neighbor is the one that is not connected to any other node. If there is no connected unique node then the CH is selected on the basis of residual energy and the number of neighbor nodes. With the increase in number of clusters, the processing energy of the network increases; hence, this algorithm proposes minimum number of clusters which further leads to increased network lifetime. The major novel contribution of the proposed work is an algorithm that ensures a completely connected network with minimum number of isolated nodes. An isolated node will remain only if it is not within the transmission range of any other node. With the maximum connectivity, the coverage of the network is automatically maximized. The superiority of the proposed design is verified by simulation results done in MATLAB, where it clearly depicts that the total numbers of rounds before the network dies out are maximum compared to other existing protocols.

scholarly journals Security in Wireless sensor network: Approaches and Issues

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 584
Author(s):  
Raja Waseem Anwar ◽  
Majid Bakhtiari ◽  
Anazida Zainal ◽  
Kashif Naseer Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Communication Overhead ◽  
Network Resources ◽  
Communication Services ◽  
Wireless Sensor Nodes ◽  
Mass Public ◽  
Network Approaches

Wireless sensor network is a tremendous emerging technology provides communication services for environmental monitoring and target tracking for mass public and military. With increasing of this smart network popularity sensor network faced various challenges and threats. The inclusion of wireless sensor nodes also incurs different types of security threats in network. Mostly networks are using shared key approaches to make less communication overhead, but still network compromise with replay impersonation and compromise attacks. The existing proposed schemes are not fully addressed other network resources such as energy and speed, etc.  The intent of this paper is to provide a comprehensive security requirement, detail about security attacks in network and discuss the existing security schemes.

scholarly journals Enhanced Security Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trilok C. Aseri ◽  
Neha Singla
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Emerging Technology ◽  
Security Protocol ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Communication Overhead ◽  
Security Services ◽  
Redundant Data ◽  
Data Freshness

The need for security in communications is in fact not new. This need has existed in military communications for thousands of years. In this paper, we focus on network protocols that provide security services. Wireless sensor network is an emerging technology that shows applications both for public as well as military purposes. Monitoring is one of the main applications. A large amount of redundant data is generated by sensor nodes. This paper compares all the protocols which are designed for security of wireless sensor network on the basis of security services and propose an improved protocol that reduces communication overhead by removing data redundancy from the network. By using the message sequence number we can check whether it is old message or new message. If the message is old then no need to send that message thereby reducing overhead. It also integrates security by data freshness in the protocol.

scholarly journals Comparison of Residual Energy-Based Clustering Algorithms for Wireless Sensor Network

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asis Kumar Tripathy ◽  
Suchismita Chinara
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Energy Awareness

Wireless sensor network swears an exceptional fine-grained interface between the virtual and physical worlds. The clustering algorithm is a kind of key technique used to reduce energy consumption. Many clustering, power management, and data dissemination protocols have been specifically designed for wireless sensor network (WSN) where energy awareness is an essential design issue. Each clustering algorithm is composed of three phases cluster head (CH) selection, the setup phase, and steady state phase. The hot point in these algorithms is the cluster head selection. The focus, however, has been given to the residual energy-based clustering protocols which might differ depending on the application and network architecture. In this paper, a survey of the state-of-the-art clustering techniques in WSNs has been compared to find the merits and demerits among themselves. It has been assumed that the sensor nodes are randomly distributed and are not mobile, the coordinates of the base station (BS) and the dimensions of the sensor field are known.

scholarly journals Two Level Intrusion Detection Mechanism For Context and Trust in Wireless Sensor Network

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Intrusion Detection ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Trust Evaluation

21st century is considered as the era of communication, and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) have assumed an extremely essential job in the correspondence period. A wireless sensor network is defined as a homogeneous or heterogeneous system contains a large number of sensors, namely called nodes used to monitor different environments in cooperatives. WSN is composed of sensor nodes (S.N.), base stations (B.S.), and cluster head (C.H.). The popularity of wireless sensor networks has been increased day by day exponentially because of its wide scope of utilizations. The applications of wireless sensor networks are air traffic control, healthcare systems, home services, military services, industrial & building automation, network communications, VAN, etc. Thus the wide range of applications attracts attackers. To secure from different types of attacks, mainly intruder, intrusion detection based on dynamic state context and hierarchical trust in WSNs (IDSHT) is proposed. The trust evaluation is carried out in hierarchical way. The trust of sensor nodes is evaluated by cluster head (C.H.), whereas the trust of the cluster head is evaluated by a neighbor cluster head or base station. Hence the content trust, honest trust, and interactive trust are put forward by combining direct evaluation and feedback based evaluation in the fixed hop range. In this way, the complexity of trust management is carried in a hierarchical manner, and trust evaluation overhead is minimized.

scholarly journals Research on coverage control algorithm based on wireless sensor network

2020 ◽  
Vol 309 ◽  
pp. 03003
Author(s):  
Jie Zhou ◽  
Mengying Xu ◽  
Yi Lu ◽  
Rui Yang
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Environmental Monitoring ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Coverage Rate ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Coverage Control ◽  
Fuzzy Genetic

Wireless sensor network has many sensor nodes with characteristics of limited cost, collecting data, good fault tolerance and storage. It has been used in environmental monitoring, health care, military and commercial. Coverage control is a significant issue that needs to be solved in wireless sensor networks. In order to solve the problem of overlapping coverage for environmental monitoring and improve coverage rate, an improved immune fuzzy genetic algorithm (IIFGA) based on cluster head selection is proposed. the mathematical model is systematically described. In the experiments, ant colony optimization (ACO) and simulated annealing (SA) are given to compare the performance of IIFGA. The experiments show the proposed coverage control algorithm has a higher convergence speed and improve the coverage rate.

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