scholarly journals Employment, Knowledge and Latrine Ownership as Risk Factors and Prediction Model of Diarrhea Incidence

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Irfan Irfan ◽  
Sulansi Sulansi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Model Equation ◽  
Control Design ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Diarrhea Incidence ◽  
Diarrhea Patient ◽  
Variable Influence ◽  
Control Samples

Diarrhea is a leading cause of death ranked 3rd after Tuberculosis and Pneumonia in Indonesia. Diarrhea cases in NTT province and also in Kupang City is still high, with Pasir Panjang PHC in 2012 and 2013 ranked the top three, while Oepoi PHC always the lowest rank. This research was conducted to analyze the risk factors for the incidence of diarrhea and create a model equation to predict the diarrhea incidence. This observational analytic research using case control design. Samples with diarrhea cases were recorded in January - June 2015 in the register book Pasir Panjang PHC and Oepoi PHC taken by random sampling to obtain samples for cases 62 children of Diarrhea patient. The control samples are 62 children who are not registered as suffering from diarrhea in the month of June 2015, close to the patient’s house, and her mother or people who responsible to take care that children want as respondent. Data were obtained by interviews with the mothers of cases and controls using questionnaires and direct observation using a checklist. Data were analyzed using univariate, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression. There are three variables that significantly affect to the diarrhea incidence, namely employment, knowledge and latrine ownership and the most dominant variable influence that is knowledge (OR 4.353). The model equation Y = - 2.048 +1.153 employment + 1.483 knowledge + 1.480 latrine ownership with a percentage accuracy of the model in classifying observations is 68.5%.

scholarly journals Employment, Knowledge and Latrine Ownership as Risk Factors and Prediction Model of Diarrhea Incidence

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Irfan Irfan ◽  
Sulansi Sulansi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Model Equation ◽  
Control Design ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Diarrhea Incidence ◽  
Diarrhea Patient ◽  
Variable Influence

<span style="color: #222222; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN">Diarrhea is a leading cause of death ranked 3<sup>rd</sup> after Tuberculosis and Pneumonia in Indonesia. Diarrhea cases in NTT province and also in Kupang City is still high, with Pasir Panjang PHC in 2012 and 2013 ranked the top three, while Oepoi PHC always the lowest rank. This research was conducted to analyze the risk factors for the incidence of diarrhea and create a model equation to predict the diarrhea incidence. This observational analytic research using case control design. Samples with diarrhea cases were recorded in January - June 2015 in the register book Pasir Panjang PHC and Oepoi PHC taken by random sampling to obtain samples for cases 62 children of Diarrhea patient. The control samples are 62 children who are not registered as suffering from diarrhea in the month of June 2015, close to the patient’s house, and her mother or people who responsible to take care that children want as respondent. Data were obtained by interviews with the mothers of cases and controls using questionnaires and direct observation using a checklist. Data were analyzed using univariate, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression. There are three variables that significantly affect to the diarrhea incidence, namely employment, knowledge and latrine ownership and the most dominant variable influence that is knowledge (OR 4.353). The model equation Y = - 2.048 +1.153 employment + 1.483 knowledge + 1.480 latrine ownership with a percentage accuracy of the model in classifying observations is 68.5%.</span>

scholarly journals Risk Factors and Predictive Model of Diarrhea in Kupang

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irfan - Irfan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Predictive Models ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Control Design ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Diarrhea Incidence ◽  
And Control

Diarrhea is still endemic in NTT province and in Kupang City. The disease also includes as one of the 10 major diseases in Kupang City. Diarrhea prevention will work more effectively if it is conducted based on the knowledge of risk factors for diarrhea. The study aims at analyzing the risk factors of diarrhea and predictive models of diarrhea incidence in Kupang. The observational analytic research used case control design with case samples consisted of 62 patients with diarrhea in June 2015 taken by random sampling and control samples consisted of 62 children who were not listed as diarrhea patients in June 2015. The data was collected through interviews and observation. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed using logistic regression. Four variables that significant are age of stop getting breast milk (ASI) (OR 5.673), latrine type (OR 4.527), children age (OR 1.460) and number of family members (OR 0.484). The regression model resulted in the study is ? = -0.630 + 1.736 age of stop drinking breast milk + 1.510 latrine type + 0.379 children age - 0.726 number of family members.

scholarly journals Iatrogenic outbreak of M. chelonae skin abscesses

1996 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Camargo ◽  
C. Saad ◽  
F. Ruiz ◽  
M. E. Ramirez ◽  
M. Lineros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Control Design ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Mycobacterium Chelonae ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
Number Of Injections

SummaryWe describe an outbreak of skin lesions due to Mycobacterium chelonae subsp. abscessus associated with injections of lidocaine (lignocaine) given by a ‘bioenergetic’ (a practitioner of alternative medicine) in Colombia. The lidocaine carpules and the lesions of the patients yielded mycobacteria with identical biochemical characteristics.Using the methodology of Sartwell and a case control design we examined the incubation period and assessed risk factors. Of 667 potentially exposed individuals, a total of 298 patients were interviewed, of whom 232 had skin lesions. The median incubation period was 30·5 days (range 15–59 days). Male sex (OR 2·85, 95% CI 1·26–6·51), increasing age (OR 1·25, 95% CI 1·03–1·53), subcutaneous injection route (OR 3·72, 95% CI 1·09–12·7) and number of injections (OR 1·01, 95% CI 1·00–1·03) were risk factors for disease.To our knowledge, this is the largest reported outbreak of M. chelonae infection, the first in which the organism has been isolated from the putative vehicle of infection, and the first in which the incubation period could be determined.

scholarly journals Incidence and Reason for Readmission and Unscheduled Health Care Contact After Distal Radius Fracture

Hand ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten Sumner ◽  
Louis C. Grandizio ◽  
Max D. Gehrman ◽  
Jove Graham ◽  
Joel C. Klena
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Distal Radius Fracture ◽  
Distal Radius ◽  
Control Design ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Radius Fracture ◽  
Fracture Characteristics ◽  
Ed Visits ◽  
Pain Patients

Background: Understanding risk factors for readmission may help decrease the rate of these costly events. The purpose of this study is to define the incidence of 30-day readmission and unscheduled health care contact (UHC) after distal radius fracture (DRF). In addition, we aim to define risk factors for readmission and UHC. Methods: A retrospective review of patients who sustained a DRF at our trauma center was performed. We recorded baseline demographics, fracture characteristics, and treatment. Any UHC or readmission (including emergency department [ED] visits) was documented. Reasons for readmission and UHC were stratified by cause. We utilized a case-control design comparing patients readmitted within 30 days after DRF versus those who were not, as well as patients with and without UHC. Results: About 353 patients were identified. The 30-day incidence of readmission after DRF was 7% with 2% of patients readmitted for reasons related to their fracture. Twenty percent of patients had UHC within 30 days, most frequently due to pain. Patients with anxiety or depression and those with open fractures were more likely to be readmitted. Patients with UHC were younger, more likely to have depression or anxiety, and more likely to have undergone operative treatment. Conclusions: For patients sustaining DRF, we report a 30-day readmission rate of 7% with 20% of patients having UHC. Patients with depression or anxiety were more likely to be both readmitted and have UHC. Identifying risk factors for readmission during initial presentation may help reduce readmissions. Improving pain relief strategies early may aid in decreasing the burden of UHC.

scholarly journals Characteristics Analysis, Clinical Outcome and Risk Factors for Fungal Peritonitis in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients: A 10-Year Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongrong Li ◽  
Difei Zhang ◽  
Jingwen He ◽  
Jianjun Ou ◽  
La Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Serum Potassium ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Catheter Removal ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Fungal Peritonitis ◽  
Control Study

Background: Fungal peritonitis (FP) is a rare but severe complication that can appear in patients receiving peritoneal dialysis (PD). This study aimed to investigate the incidence rate and clinical characteristics of FP, evaluate clinical outcomes between FP and bacterial peritonitis (BP) patients on PD, and especially estimate the risk factors for FP outbreak.Methods: All episodes of FP diagnosed in our hospital from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2020, were reviewed in this single-center study. FP cases were analyzed and compared with patients diagnosed with BP in a 1:6 ratio matching for case-control study. Patient information, including clinical information, biochemical analysis, and outcomes, was recorded. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression model were used to analyze the risk factors for FP.Results: A total of 15 FP episodes were observed in 15 PD patients, with an FP rate of 0.0071 episodes per patient-year. Seventeen strains of fungi were isolated and identified. Candida was the most common pathogen (15 strains, 88.2%), followed by Aspergillus fumigatus (2 strains, 11.8%). Between the groups, FP group showed a higher rate of HD transfer and catheter removal, and a lower rate of PD resumption in the short-term outcome (all P &lt; 0.01), while no significant difference in the mortality was noted during the whole study period. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that longer PD duration (odds ratio [OR] 1.042, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.012–1.073, P &lt; 0.01), higher serum potassium (OR 3.373, 95% CI 1.068–10.649, P &lt; 0.05), elevated estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (OR 1.845, 95% CI 1.151–2.955, P &lt; 0.05), reduced serum albumin level (OR 0.820, 95% CI 0.695–0.968, P &lt; 0.05) and peritoneal effluent polymorphonuclear (PMN) count (OR 0.940, 95%CI 0.900–0.981, P &lt; 0.01) were significantly increased the risk for FP.Conclusion: These results suggested that FP leads to higher rate of catheter removal and HD transfer, and a lower rate of PD resumption than BP, and that additional attention should be paid to hypoalbuminemia, increased serum potassium, long PD duration, and low peritoneal effluent PMN in PD patients.

Case-Control Study of Risk Factors for Mediastinitis After Cardiovascular Surgery

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 1397-1400 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. López Gude ◽  
R. San Juan ◽  
J. M. Aguado ◽  
L. Maroto ◽  
F. López-Medrano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Surgery ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Control Study

We report results of a case-control study in which we evaluated 41 risk factors potentially associated with the development of post-surgical mediastinitis. There were 163 case patients and 326 control patients. Independent risk factors kept in the final multivariate logistic regression model were obesity (defined as a body mass index of greater than 30), diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, preoperative stay longer than 1 week, pulmonary hypertension, perioperative myocardial infarction, and reoperation.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Neonatal Sepsis: A Retrospective Case-Control Study among Neonates Who Were Delivered by Caesarean Section at the Trauma and Specialist Hospital, Winneba, Ghana

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Adatara ◽  
Agani Afaya ◽  
Solomon Mohammed Salia ◽  
Richard Adongo Afaya ◽  
Anthony K. Kuug ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Control Study

The third Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) for child health, which targets ending preventable deaths of neonates and children under five years of age by 2030, may not be met without substantial reduction of neonatal sepsis-specific mortality in developing countries. This study aimed at assessing the prevalence and risk factors for neonatal sepsis among neonates who were delivered via caesarean section. A retrospective case-control study was conducted among neonates who were delivered via caesarean section at the Trauma and Specialist Hospital, Winneba, Ghana. Data collection lasted for 4 weeks. The extracted data were double-entered using Epidata software version 3.1 to address discrepancies of data entry. Descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentages of neonatal characteristics were generated from the data. Both univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to determine associations between neonatal sepsis and neonatal characteristics with odds ratios, 95% confidence intervals, and p values calculated using variables that showed significant association (p<0.05) in the chi-square analysis for the multivariate logistic regression. A total of 383 neonates were recruited; 67 (17.5%) had sepsis (cases). The neonatal risk factors associated with sepsis were birth weight (χ2=6.64, p=0.036), neonatal age (χ2=38.31, p<0.001), meconium passed (χ2=12.95, p<0.001), reason for CS (χ2=24.27, p<0.001), and the duration of stay on admission (χ2=36.69, p<0.001). Neonatal sepsis poses a serious threat to the survival of the newborn as the current study uncovered 6.0% deaths among sepsis cases. The findings of this study highlight the need for routine assessment of neonates in order to identify risk factors for neonatal sepsis and to curb the disease burden on neonatal mortality.

Determinants of Low Birth Weight in Rural Areas of North West in Iran: 2013-2017 (A Case-Control Study)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hosein Rafiemanesh ◽  
Seyed Rasoul Hashemi Aghdam ◽  
Avaz Safarzadeh ◽  
Sanaz Chapar ◽  
Alireza Zemestani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Low birth weight (LBW) is one of the main causes of death in children and is an important factor related to the growth and development of children. LBW is associated with causes but some of the risk factors may be due to the country or geographical region. Aim of this study was conducted to investigate the risk factors associated with LBW in the villages of Oskou county, northwest of Iran. Methods This study is a population-based case-control study and all the cases of LBW, that have occurred during the five years 2013-2017 in all villages of Oskou county, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. Controls were selevted based on systematic random sampling in that same village and year. Chi-square and fisher's exact test analysed and then a univariate and multivariate logistic regression model was used to investigate possible factors. Results In this study 242 cases and 242 control groups were analyzed. Base on multivariate logistic regression important risk factors were LBW history (OR=25.87), mothers who used natural methods of contraception (OR=29.54), twin's birth (OR=24.04) and gestational age less than 37 weeks (OR=3.89). Conclusion According to the result of the present study the most important risk factors of LBW are as follows: Contraception method using, having a history of previous LBW newborn, twin's birth, gestational age, fathers’ occupation, mothers’ education, maternal weight, maternal weight gain during pregnancy and number of of caring during pregnancy.

Risk factors for Opisthorchis viverrini infection in Nakhon Phanom, Thailand, where the infection is highly endemic

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Songkran Nakbun ◽  
Pramote Thongkrajai ◽  
Choosak Nithikathkul
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Opisthorchis Viverrini ◽  
Stool Examination ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Perceived Susceptibility

AbstractBackgroundOpisthorchiasis caused byOpisthorchis viverriniis a serious health issue in the Mekong basin region, resulting in a high prevalence of cholangiocarcinoma. Nakhon Phanom province had the highest prevalence ofO. viverriniinfection in Thailand at 60% of the surveyed population in 2009, despite the attempted control of opisthorchiasis for >50 years. Knowing risk factors forO. viverriniinfection in Nakhon Phanom may lead to improved control and prevention of opisthorchiasis.ObjectivesTo determine risk factors forO. viverriniinfection in Nakhon Phanom.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional survey in Nakhon Phanom province from February to March 2014. The community was selected using a stratified random sampling method, and then, participants were selected by systematic random sampling. Individuals ≥15 years old were included. Knowledge ofO. viverriniinfection, and attitudes and practice to avoid it were assessed using a questionnaire.O. viverriniinfection was determined by stool examination with a formalin–ether concentration method. Factors associated with the infection were determined using multivariate logistic regression analysis.ResultsOf the 134 participants, 75 (56%) were infected withO. viverrini. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, 3 independent factors were associated withO. viverriniinfection: age ≥ 55 years, odds ratio (OR) adjusted 6.36 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.28–31.66); consumption of chopped raw-fish salad (koi pla), OR adjusted 28.74 (95% CI 3.59–230.24); and perceived susceptibility, OR adjusted 0.15 (95% CI 0.03–0.74).ConclusionsAge ≥ 55 years, consumingkoi pla, and perceived susceptibility were independently associated withO. viverriniinfection in Nakhon Phanom.

Case-Control Study of Risk Factors for Mediastinitis After Cardiovascular Surgery

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 1397-1400 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. López Gude ◽  
R. San Juan ◽  
J. M. Aguado ◽  
L. Maroto ◽  
F. López-Medrano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Surgery ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Control Study

We report results of a case-control study in which we evaluated 41 risk factors potentially associated with the development of post-surgical mediastinitis. There were 163 case patients and 326 control patients. Independent risk factors kept in the final multivariate logistic regression model were obesity (defined as a body mass index of greater than 30), diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, preoperative stay longer than 1 week, pulmonary hypertension, perioperative myocardial infarction, and reoperation.

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