scholarly journals Assessing Brazilian peripheral sprawl: an association of computer-aided tools to evaluate spatial changes at Vila Cabral neighborhood, Campina Grande

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-158
Author(s):  
Frederico Costa ◽  
Jaqueline Brandão ◽  
Geovany Silva
Keyword(s):  
Parametric Analysis ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Urban Fabric ◽  
Spatial Transformations ◽  
Urban Growth Model ◽  
Spatial Changes ◽  
Urban Analysis ◽  
Objective Indicators ◽  
Density Population

This article presents an analysis of the spatial transformations between the years 2005 and 2020 in the Vila Cabral neighborhood, at Campina Grande's periphery, a midsize Brazilian city located in the interior of the Paraíba state. This research aims to assess the neighborhood's growth objectively, verifying the proposed methodological association's efficiency to carry out this investigation. From a methodological perspective, this study uses a quanti-qualitative analysis of a homogeneous urban fabric sample. Two different analytical scenarios were built (2005 and 2020) to compare the results, and the following procedures were developed: (i) literature review, (ii) formal decomposition of a sample of the urban fabric; (iii) Angular Segment Analysis (ASA/Space Syntax); (vi) parametric analysis of the diversity of uses; and (v) parametric analysis of urban density (population and built). In the end, it was possible to objectively evaluate and understand the transformations that occurred in the time-lapse of the two scenarios. The discussions proposed by this research orbit the current urban growth model in Brazil and how objective indicators can assist in the diagnostic task. This investigation reinforced that the association of different urban analysis methodologies can strengthen the diagnostic processes, mainly because objective values help in project decision-making.

Socio-spatial transformations at the urban fringes of Rome: Unfolding suburbanisms in Fiano Romano

2021 ◽  
pp. 096977642110316
Author(s):  
Lorenzo De Vidovich
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Case Study ◽  
Spatial Expansion ◽  
Spatial Transformations ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
The Past ◽  
Spatial Changes ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Urban Transformations ◽  
New Inequalities

Today, suburbs and urban fringes are pivotal places for understanding contemporary urban transformations because the majority of the world’s urban population live in suburbs. Suburbanization (i.e. the process of combining the non-centric population, economic growth, and spatial expansion) and suburbanisms (suburban ways of living) are key concepts for observing these transformations, framed under the umbrella of the post-suburban theoretical framework. This paper relies on a post-suburban standpoint as it enables the complexity of the diverse transformations at the urban edges to be addressed. On such basis, this paper discusses the outcomes of a qualitative case study conducted on the most recently built neighbourhood of Fiano Romano, a suburb of Rome that has faced a number of socio-spatial transformations over the past two decades. The study illustrates the diverse complexities related to the provision of welfare services and public amenities such as water and social infrastructures. In so doing, the article unfolds the shape of a ‘new suburbia’ characterized by emerging socio-spatial changes that lie in processes of peripheralization, which characterize many contemporary post-Fordist suburban areas, especially at the present time of the coronavirus crisis. The article points out the centrality of suburban ways of living in studying issues involving both spatial planning and governance of welfare. Furthermore, the article highlights the idea that new inequalities and deprivations are taking place in diverse suburban areas, and that such aspects deserve further governance agendas able to meet the suburban social demands that differ from traditional urban vulnerabilities.

Things Fall Apart: Modernity and Entropy

2021 ◽  
pp. 73-96
Author(s):  
Miles Orvell
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Love Affair ◽  
Urban Fabric ◽  
Factory Production ◽  
The Us ◽  
Urban Exploration ◽  
Things Fall Apart ◽  
Manufacturing Facilities

“Modernity and Entropy” is about the gradual recognition that the industrial and urban fabric of America was falling apart in the twentieth century, as cities aged and factory production moved out of cities like Detroit to manufacturing facilities outside the US. Philadelphia photographer Vincent Feldman has portrayed the decaying structures of his city, while Detroit’s ruins have been elaborately portrayed in the work of outsiders like Andrew Moore, Marchand and Meffre, and Camilo José Vergara. The chapter examines the various techniques and strategies photographers have developed, from the high aesthetic of Moore to the documentary time-lapse imagery of Vergara. America’s love affair with urban ruins is also examined here in the “Urban Exploration” movement and in the cinematic representation of urban ruin as futuristic dystopia.

scholarly journals Analizy Space Syntax wobec zjawiska segregacji społecznej i izolacji przestrzennej obszarów mieszkaniowych

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Justyna Olesiak
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Syntax Analysis ◽  
The Face ◽  
Urban Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

W wielu obszarach miejskich widoczna jest skrajna segregacja przestrzeni publicznej oraz fakt, że wiele dzielnic mieszkaniowych jest przestrzennie odizolowanych od miasta jako całości. Ponieważ tradycyjne metody analiz urbanistycznych dają słabe wytyczne w tym kontekście, podjęta zostanie próba ujęcia problemu i odmiennego podejścia do segregacji w projektowaniu urbanistycznym. Niniejszy artykuł bada, w jaki sposób teorie i metody analizy Space Syntax mogą przyczynić się do stworzenia bardziej dopracowanych opisów relacji przestrzennych w różnych dzielnicach i całym mieście. Przyjęto metodę badawczą: analizę literatury fachowej (krajowej i zagranicznej) oraz dostępnych publikacji. Analiza urbanistyczna oparta na teorii Space Syntax umożliwia wykazanie zasadniczych różnic strukturalnych między dzielnicami i określenie wpływu form urbanistycznych na zalety przestrzenne różnych obszarów miasta. Otwiera to nowe możliwości rozwiązania problemu segregacji w zakresie projektowania urbanistycznego oraz sformułowanie bardziej skutecznych interwencji antysegregacyjnych. Space Syntax analysis in the Face of the Phenomenon of Social Segregation and Spatial Isolation of Residential Areas In many urban areas there is an observable extreme segregation of public space, in addition to the fact that many housing districts are spatially isolated from the city as a whole. As traditional methods of urban analysis provide poor guidelines in this context, an attempt to investigate this problem and present a different approach to segregation in urban design was made. This paper presents an investigation about how Space Syntax theories and methods can contribute to creating more detailed descriptions of spatial relationships in different districts and in the entire city. The research method employed was an analysis of the literature (both domestic and trade). Space-Syntax-based urban analysis enables demonstrating significant structural differences between districts and to determine the impact of urban forms on the spatial advantages of different areas of the city. It provides new opportunities to address segregation in urban design and formulate more effective anti-segregation interventions.

scholarly journals The transcriptomic architecture of mouse Sertoli cell clone embryos reveals temporal–spatial-specific reprogramming

Reproduction ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 145 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Cao ◽  
Atsushi Fukuda ◽  
Hiroshi Watanabe ◽  
Tomohiro Kono
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Sertoli Cell ◽  
Nuclear Transfer ◽  
Cell Clone ◽  
Chromosome Mapping ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Blastocyst Stage ◽  
Preimplantation Development ◽  
Differentiated Cells ◽  
Spatial Changes

Somatic cell nuclear transfer, a technique used to generate clone embryos by transferring the nucleus of a somatic cell into an enucleated oocyte, is an excellent approach to study the reprogramming of the nuclei of differentiated cells. Here, we conducted a transcriptomic study by performing microarray analysis on single Sertoli cell nuclear transfer (SeCNT) embryos throughout preimplantation development. The extensive data collected from the oocyte to the blastocyst stage helped to identify specific genes that were incorrectly reprogrammed at each stage, thereby providing a novel perspective for understanding reprogramming progression in SeCNT embryos. This attempt provided an opportunity to discuss the possibility that ectopic gene expression could be involved in the developmental failure of SeCNT embryos. Network analysis at each stage suggested that in total, 127 networks were involved in developmental and functional disorders in SeCNT embryos. Furthermore, chromosome mapping using our time-lapse expression data highlighted temporal–spatial changes of the abnormal expression, showing the characteristic distribution of the genes on each chromosome. Thus, the present study revealed that the preimplantation development of SeCNT embryos appears normal; however, the progression of incorrect reprogramming is concealed throughout development.

scholarly journals Analysing Linear Spatial Relationships: The Measures of Connectivity, Integration, and Choice

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-86
Author(s):  
Akkelies van Nes ◽  
Claudia Yamu
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Spatial Relationships ◽  
Axial Line ◽  
One Step ◽  
Urban Analysis ◽  
Integration Analysis

AbstractIn this chapter, we first explain the concept of an axial line and how the axial map is applied in space syntax. We then discuss the static measure of ‘connectivity’ with its ‘one-step’ to ‘n-step’ logic, including its meaning for axialintegration analysis. We further present the segment integration analysis. Using the streetsegment as the basis for analysis allows one to apply three types of distances and three types of radii in space syntax. We then present the most-often used space syntax measures in more depth, namely angularchoice and angular integrationwith metric radius, and introduce the mathematical formulae on how to normalise both measures. Real-life applications illustrate and underpin the usefulness of these measures and their meaning for urban analysis, such as why and how they allow us to identify urban societal processes and their added value at both a citywidescale and a neighbourhoodscale. Finally, we critically reflect on the measures, including their potentials and misfits. Exercises are provided at the end of the chapter.

scholarly journals Which Polish Cities Sprawl the Most

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1291
Author(s):  
Różycka-Czas Renata ◽  
Czesak Barbara ◽  
Staszel Andrzej
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Urban Fabric ◽  
Spatial Transformations ◽  
The Usa

Spatial transformations stemming from urban sprawl are evident not only in the USA or Western Europe but also in Central and Eastern Europe, including Poland. Urban sprawl materialises mostly in land-cover and land-use change involving an increase in the proportion of urbanised areas and discontinuous urban fabric in the total area. The paper’s objective was to identify the degree of urban sprawl based on the area of discontinuous urban fabric. The spatial analysis was aimed at finding differences in land-cover ratios by individual urbanised land categories. The analysed data for 2006, 2012, and 2018 were retrieved from the Urban Atlas. The method employed was NUASI (normalised Urban Atlas sprawl indicator). A series of computations revealed that urban sprawl is found in Poland as well. Changes caused by the increase in the discontinuous urban fabric in the total urban fabric were the most pronounced from 2006 to 2012. From 2012 to 2018, the pace of the increase stabilised, but its dynamics declined. The study demonstrated a strong spatial variability of the indicator. Urban sprawl was found to be the most intense in southern and southeastern Poland.

scholarly journals Sulfur retention by ash during coal combustion - Part I: A model of char particle combustion

2003 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mladen Ilic ◽  
Borislav Grubor ◽  
Vasilije Manovic
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Dynamic Behavior ◽  
Calcium Oxide ◽  
Coal Combustion ◽  
Parametric Analysis ◽  
Particle Combustion ◽  
Spatial Changes ◽  
Mineral Components ◽  
Char Particle ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

A model for the combustion of porous char particles as a basis for modeling the process of sulfur retention by ash during coal combustion is developed in this paper. The model belongs to the microscopic intrinsic models and describes the dynamic behavior of a porous char particle during combustion taking into account temporal and spatial changes of all important physical properties of the char particle and various combustion parameters. The parametric analysis of the enhanced model shows that the model represents a good basis for the development of a model for the process of sulfur retention by ash during coal combustion. The model enables the prediction of the values of all parameters necessary for the introduction of reactions between sulfur compounds and mineral components in ash, primarily calcium oxide.

Analisa Kepadatan Kota, Pergerakan dan Perkembangan Morfologi Kota Palembang, Indonesia

Arsir ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Muhammad Fajri Romdhoni
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Street Network ◽  
Urban Fabric

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap kondisi terkini dari kota Palembang yang mencakup arah perkembangan kota, kepadatan kota dan juga alur pergerakan di kota Palembang. Sebagai kota tertua di Indonesia, kota Palembang memiliki sejarah yang sangat kuat dengan terdapat layering street network dari fase morphologi kota yang berbeda-beda. Pemahaman mengenai arah pergerakan kota tersebut sangat penting, mengingat kota Palembang merupakan salah satu dari dua belas kota dengan akselerasi perkembangan tercepat di Inodnesia menurut laporan United Nations 2018 (Nations, 2018). Kota-kota di Indonesia akan mengalami perkembangan annual sebesar 2,4% sampai dengan 6% dan hal tersebut tentunya akan sangat mempengaruhi Urban Fabric kota Palembang secara keseluruhan. Ekspansi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan kota Palembang tidak dapat dihindari lagi dan arah pertumbuhan tersebut perlu di kritisi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi analisa overlay peta dan Analisa pertumbuhan kota dengan memanfaatkan imaji Landsat serta OpenStreetMap (OSM) yang dikombinasikan dengan data statsitik kepadatan kota Palembang yang bersumber dari BPS (Balai Pusat Statistik). Analisa yang digunakan pada peneilitian ini menerapkan Analisa quantitatif dan qualitatif dari metoda Space Syntax dengan teknik natural street yang efektif dalam mendiskripsikan perilaku pergerakan manusia pada sebuah kota secara makro. Hasil Penelitian ini adalah deskripsi kepadatan kota, pergerakan dan juga arah perkembangan kota Palembang yang nantinya dapat berguna untuk penelitian lanjutan kota Palembang.

scholarly journals Space Syntax in an idiorrhythmical conglomerate: the case of Jardim Piratininga, São Paulo, Brazil

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano Silva ◽  
Heraldo Borges ◽  
Bruno Futema
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Urban Fabric ◽  
Urban Intervention ◽  
Design Alternatives ◽  
Urban Issues ◽  
Special Zone

This article is the result of a partnership between the research group Urban Issues: Design, Architecture, Planning and Landscape - Q.URB, and the Group of Studies of the Urban Form in Brazil - FU.bá, both of the Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism of Mackenzie Presbiterian University. It aims to contribute to urban design alternatives in the Jardim Piratininga neighborhood, located in the East Zone of the Municipality of São Paulo, and to offer subsidies for future Urban Intervention Projects (PIU), since this area was defined, by the 2012 Strategic Master Plan, as Special Zone of Social Interest - ZEIS. It is hypothesized that the study area, considered as an emerging urban fabric stratum and lacking in a large part of its area of ​​basic urbanization infrastructures, holds in itself the potential for a future re-adaptation and complementation of its roadway. The methodology that will be used in the analytical approach of the urban form, known as Space Syntax, seeks to provide: support for decision making; tools to calibrate these decisions; evaluate proposed scenarios; as well as combining other methods and tools. This methodology seeks to confirm something we already know - the need to complete ‘mesh design’ in urbanized areas that have, in contemporary cities, a different constitution from that observed in more sedimented and stable areas (traditional city). As a result, possibilities of transformation of the roadway will be presented according to diverse scenarios, but based on the dynamics of the place itself, and also with the surrounding urban fabric.

scholarly journals Urban Analysis and Space Syntax Theory: study and mapping of the city of Juiz de Fora, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Paglis ◽  
Guilherme Brandão ◽  
Fernando Lima ◽  
Francisco Serdoura
Keyword(s):  
Space Syntax ◽  
Urban Analysis ◽  
The City
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