scholarly journals Boletín Malala, Universidad de São Paulo: desafíos, resistencias y espacio en Brasil para debates sobre el Islam y el mundo musulmán

Malala ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Ariel Finguerut ◽  
Cila Lima

A criação de uma publicação para o Grupo de Trabalho Oriente Médio e Mundo Muçulmano (GT-OMMM), em 2013, coordenada pelo professor Peter Robert Demant, ocorreu apenas quatro anos após a fundação do GT, vinculado ao Laboratório de Estudos da Ásia (LEA), no departamento de História da Universidade de São Paulo. O boletim Malala, a começar pela proposta do seu nome suscitou uma série de reflexões sobre disputas político-acadêmicas e questões metodológicas. A experiência com o Boletim tem nos levado a alguns questionamentos: quem estuda Oriente Médio e mundo muçulmano no Brasil, como são e o que se espera desses estudos. A proposta deste paper é abordar a implantação, os primeiros resultados e as percepções que o Boletim recebeu durante este um ano de vida, pontuando a recepção da comunidade acadêmica e as perspectivas que se abrem para se pensar a metodologia para os estudos sobre Oriente Médio e mundo muçulmano no Brasil. Abstract:The creation of a publication for the Working Group Middle East and the Muslim World (GT-OMMM) in 2013, coordinated by Professor Peter Robert Demant, occurred just four years after the foundation of the GT, linked to the Laboratory for the Study of Asia (LEA) in the Department of History, University of São Paulo. The Malala Eletronic Bulletin, starting with the proposal of it is name creates a series of reflections and political and academic disputes and on methodological issues. The experience with the Bulletin has led us to some questions: who studies Middle Eastern and Muslim world in Brazil and what is expected on these studies and work. The purpose of this paper is to address the deployment, to discuss the initial results and the perceptions that the Bulletin received during this first year of existence ,In this paper we will also discuss the methodology for the study of Middle Eastern and Muslim world in Brazil.

2001 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
LNB Almeida ◽  
RS Azevedo ◽  
M Amaku ◽  
E Massad

INTRODUCTION: After the era of rubella vaccine, cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is one of the most frequently causes of mental retardation and congenital deafness. Seroepidemiological studies are necessary to understand the transmission dynamics of the disease. The purpose of the study was to quantify the transmission rate of CMV disease in a community in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: Using ELISA test (IgG), a retrospective serological survey looking for CMV antibodies was performed in an non-immunized community. Frozen sera from 443 individuals, randomly selected by cluster sampling technique in the town of Caieiras, São Paulo, were collected from November 1990 to January 1991. Seroprevalence was stratified by age (0-40 years). Mathematical techniques were applied to determine the age-dependent decay function of maternal antibodies during the first year of life, the age-dependent seroprevalence function and the force of infection for CMV in this community. RESULTS: It was observed a descending phase of seropositivity in the first 9 months, but changes in antibody titration were observed between 8 months old and one year of age. The average age of the first infection was 5.02 months of age and 19.84 years, when the age-dependent seroprevalence and the force of infection were analyzed between 10 months of age and 10 years of age and from 10 to 40 years old, respectively. CONCLUSION: CMV infection is highly prevalent among the population studied and infection occurs in the first year of life. This study shows that most women at reproductive age are vulnerable to the first infection, increasing the risk for congenital infection.


2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
Érika Bevilaqua Rangel ◽  
Lígia Camera Pierrotti ◽  
Bartira Aguiar Roza ◽  
Janine Schirmer ◽  
Lilian Monteiro Pereira Palma ◽  
...  

Introdução: A participação das mulheres nos diversos segmentos profissionais tem aumentado nas últimas décadas. No entanto, a transição para cargos de liderançaa apresenta algumas barreiras, de modo que planos estratégicos têm sido propostos em vários estudos. Métodos: Descrever a experiência da organização Women in Transplantation (WIT) / The Transplantation Society (TTS), fundada em 2009, nos Estados Unidos, além de analisar outros estudos que investigaram a equidade de gêneros nas diversas áreas profissionais. Resultados: A WIT vem desenvolvendo atividades durante todos os anos, após sua fundação, e estabeleceu dois pilares: (i) avançar e inspirar profissionais mulheres nas áreas do transplante; (ii) defender questões relacionadas ao sexo e gênero na área do transplante. Similarmente, os capítulos WIT australiano e neozelandês e The Initiative on Women in Science and Engineering Working Group propuseram identificar possíveis problemas de equidade de gênero, conceber e implementar estratégias e intervenções potenciais para enfrentar esses desafios e estabelecer metas realistas e alcançáveis para melhorar e facilitar a igualdade, a equidade e a diversidade de gênero no transplante. Mais de 60% das mulheres acreditam que flexibilidade no trabalho, mentoria e treinamento para liderança são aspectos chaves para o desenvolvimento da carreira profissional, além do estabelecimento de uma network robusta. Conclusão: Nosso grupo de trabalho inspirou-se nessas iniciativas e discutiu estratégias para verificar o perfil profissional das mulheres que trabalham nas diversas áreas do transplante e da doação de órgãos no Brasil. Observamos uma oportunidade para identificar possíveis barreiras durante o desenvolvimento de suas carreiras e transição para liderança. Intencionamos, portanto, fundar o Capítulo Brasileiro WIT no próximo Congresso da Associação Brasileira de Transplante de Órgãos (ABTO), em outubro de 2019, na cidade de Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil, além de propor que seja criado um comitê  acessório da WIT junto à ABTO


2004 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
pp. 152-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Fagnani Neto ◽  
Cristina Sueko Obara ◽  
Paula Costa Mosca Macedo ◽  
Vanessa Albuquerque Cítero ◽  
Luiz Antonio Nogueira-Martins

CONTEXT: A postgraduate and resident trainee mental health assistance center was created in September 1996 within our university. OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical and demographic profile of its users. TYPE OF STUDY: Retrospective. SETTING: Universidade Federal de São Paulo - Escola Paulista de Medicina (Unifesp-EPM). METHODS: The study was carried between September 1996 and November 2002, when 233 semi-structured registration forms were filled out either by the psychologist or the psychiatrist during their first contact with the trainees, who were medical and nursing residents, and postgraduate students at specialization, master or doctoral levels. The registration forms included demographic, occupational and clinical data. RESULTS: The trainees were predominantly young (mean of 27 years old), single (82.0% of cases), women (79.4%), seeking help especially during the first year of training (63.1%). In 70.8% of the cases, they came to the service spontaneously. Such individuals showed greater adherence to the treatment than those who were referred by supervisors (p < 0.05). In 30% of the cases, the trainee sought psychological guidance or support at the service due to specific situational conflicts. Depression and anxiety disorders were the most frequent diagnoses; 22.3% of the trainees followed up mentioned a tendency towards suicidal thoughts. In comparison with other trainees, there was a higher prevalence of males among the medical residents (p < 0.01), with more cases of sleep disorders (p < 0.05), a smaller number of individuals refraining from the use of alcohol (p < 0.05) and a higher number of trainees requiring leave of absence (p < 0.001). DISCUSSION: The first year of training in health sciences is the most stressful, especially for women. Depression and anxiety symptoms are common, reflecting transitory self-limited deadaptation. However, the severity of the cases can also be evaluated in view of the large number of trainees who mentioned suicidal tendencies. CONCLUSIONS: This study emphasizes the need and importance of providing formal, structured and confidential mental health services for medical residents and postgraduate students from other health professions, in the training programs of academic institutions.


2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Cristina Gonçales Rocha ◽  
Julio Massaharu Marubayashi ◽  
Jesús Navas-Castillo ◽  
Valdir Atsushi Yuki ◽  
Carlos Frederico Wilcken ◽  
...  

Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) is one of the most important pests in cultivated areas of vegetables and ornamental crops around the world. Based on the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidize I (mtCOI) sequence, there is evidence that B. tabaci should be considered a cryptic species complex of 11 groups containing 24 species. Two of the groups, Middle East-Asia Minor 1 and Mediterranean include biotypes B and Q, respectively. In this study we evaluated the mtCOI sequence of B. tabaci populations collected in sites of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Using PCR-RFLP with Taq I, a typical biotype B profile was obtained for all specimens. Based on the comparison with mtCOI reference sequences we found four haplotypes all belonging to the Middle East-Asia Minor 1. They occurred in the hosts pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) and cucurbitaceae plants.


2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Tofik Karam

AbstractThis article rethinks area studies through the diasporic histories of influential graduates of the Syrian Protestant College. My focus is on Philip Hitti and his ties with fellow alumni who migrated to the Brazilian city of São Paulo. Examining his first visit to Brazil in 1925, letter exchanges through the 1940s, and a second trip in 1951, I ask how Hitti and São Paulo-based alumni sought to establish an Arab studies program in Brazil. In borrowing a template for studying the Middle East, Hitti and colleagues imbued it with a widespread sentiment that Arab and Muslim legacies of the Iberian peninsula had shaped Portugal, and thus Brazil's historical and linguistic formation. They relocated a model of area studies but refitted its content. In revealing how the institution of area studies moved across and merged with varied sociocultural settings, these diasporic histories provincialize the U.S. model for knowing the Middle East.


1972 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Alberto N. Candeias ◽  
Marguerite S. Pereira

In order to obtain evidence on the size of the impact of the Hong Kong/68 variant of influenza A2 virus on the population of São Paulo, Brazil, serum samples taken in 1967 before this variant appeared and during successive years after it appeared were examined for their antibody content. Haemagglutination-inhibition tests performed on a total of 2726 serum samples from adults showed a sharp decrease in 1969 of the proportion of sera without antibody to the Hong Kong/68 variant and a corresponding mercase in the proportion with high titres. It was concluded that about three-quarters of the adult population became infected at some time after the variant appeared, the majority in the first year of prevalence.


Author(s):  
Christian C. Sahner

How did the medieval Middle East transform from a majority-Christian world to a majority-Muslim world, and what role did violence play in this process? This book explains how Christians across the early Islamic caliphate slowly converted to the faith of the Arab conquerors and how small groups of individuals rejected this faith through dramatic acts of resistance, including apostasy and blasphemy. Using previously untapped sources in a range of Middle Eastern languages, the book introduces an unknown group of martyrs who were executed at the hands of Muslim officials between the seventh and ninth centuries CE. Found in places as diverse as Syria, Spain, Egypt, and Armenia, they include an alleged descendant of Muhammad who converted to Christianity; high-ranking Christian secretaries of the Muslim state who viciously insulted the Prophet; and the children of mixed marriages between Muslims and Christians. The book argues that Christians never experienced systematic persecution under the early caliphs, and indeed, they remained the largest portion of the population in the greater Middle East for centuries after the Arab conquest. Still, episodes of ferocious violence contributed to the spread of Islam within Christian societies, and memories of this bloodshed played a key role in shaping Christian identity in the new Islamic empire. The book examines how violence against Christians ended the age of porous religious boundaries and laid the foundations for more antagonistic Muslim–Christian relations in the centuries to come.


Author(s):  
Euni Vieira e Silva ◽  
Paládia de Oliveira Romeiro da Silva

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a legitimidade do Conselho Municipal do Meio Ambiente de Lorena, por meio de seu Grupo de Trabalho (GT) de Educação na articulação do processo de criação de uma futura política municipal de educação ambiental para Lorena. Objetiva também demonstrar que a mobilização comunitária organizada tem seu espaço de atuação garantido na atual ordem democrática, em homenagem aos fundamentos constitucionais da cidadania e da dignidade da pessoa humana. Por meio de uma pesquisa documental fundamentada Constituição Federal de 1988 e na legislação infraconstitucional das temáticas ambiental e educacional, conceituou-se a educação ambiental, os conselhos de meio ambiente e abordaram-se suas principais características. Um viés explorado nesta tese foi o papel do poder público e da sociedade frente às políticas públicas e ao planejamento em geral. A legislação pesquisada engloba as esferas federal, estadual (São Paulo) e municipal (Lorena). Com base nos levantamentos da coordenação do citado grupo de trabalho foram citadas as principais características e fases de trabalhos em que se encontra o grupo, um destaque especial foi dado à primeira do GT de Educação, que é ouvir as pessoas e organizações com projetos e ações ambientais. Diante desta análise de caso, concluiu-se pela legitimidade do Grupo de Trabalho para a concretização de seus objetivos, com fundamento nos princípios constitucionais de direito-dever de exercício da cidadania participativa, de direito à educação, direito ao planejamento na prestação dos serviços públicos, de direito ao meio ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado e, em última instância da dignidade da pessoa humana.Palavras-chave: Educação ambiental. Conselho de Meio Ambiente. Políticas públicas. Cidadania. AbstractThe role of the Working Group on Education of the City Council of the Environment to coordinate the creation of public policy on environmental education in the municipality of LorenaThis study aimed to examine the legitimacy of the Municipal Council of the Environment of Lorraine, through its Working Group (WG) Education in the articulation of the process of creating a future city policy of environmental education for Lorena. It also aims to demonstrate that community mobilization has organized its performance space secured in the current democratic order, in honor of the constitutional foundations of citizenship and human dignity. Through desk research based Federal Constitution of 1988 and the constitutional legislation of environmental and educational issues, conceptualized to environmental education, the environmental councils and addressed to its main features. A bias explored in this thesis was the role of government and society in the face of public policy and planning in general. The legislation searched encompasses federal, state (São Paulo) and municipal (Lorraine). Based on surveys of the coordination of that working group were cited the mainfeatures and phases of work in which the group is a special emphasis was given to the first GT Education, which is to listen to people and organizations with projects and actions environmental. Before this case analysis, we concluded that the legitimacy of the Working Group to achieve your goals, based on the principles of constitutional right and duty to exercise of participatory citizenship, the right to education, right to planning in the provision of public services , the right to an ecologically balanced environment and ultimately the dignity of the human person.Keywords: Environmental education. Council of the Environment. Public policies. Citizenship. ResumenEl papel del Grupo de Trabajo sobre Educación del Ayuntamiento de Medio Ambiente para coordinar la creación de políticas públicas en materia de educación ambiental en el municipio de LorenaEl presente estudio tuvo como objetivo examinar la legitimidad del Consejo de Medio Ambiente Municipal de Lorena, a través de su Grupo de Trabajo (GT) de la Educación en la creación conjunta de una futura política municipal de la educación ambiental para el proceso de Lorena. También tiene como objetivo demostrar que la movilización de la comunidad organizada tiene su espacio de funcionamiento garantizado en el orden democrático actual, en honor de los fundamentos constitucionales de la ciudadanía y de la dignidad humana. A través de una Constitución Federal de 1988 y la legislación constitucional de la investigación documental de temática ambiental y educativo, conceptualizó la educación ambiental, los consejos medioambientales y abordaron sus características más importantes. Un sesgo fue explorado en esta tesis el papel del gobierno y de la sociedad frente a las políticas públicas y la planificación en general. La legislación buscada abarca las esferas federal, estatal (São Paulo) y municipales (Lorena). Con base en las encuestas de la coordinación de ese grupo de trabajo se citaron las principales características y fases de trabajo en los que está el grupo, se le dio un énfasis especial a la primera GT de Educación, que se escuche a las personas y organizaciones con proyectos y acciones ambientales. Antes de este análisis de casos, se concluyó por la legitimidad del Grupo de Trabajo para el logro de sus objetivos, sobre la base de los principios constitucionales de derecho y el deber de ejercicio de la ciudadanía participativa, derecho a la educación, derecho a la planificación en la prestación de los servicios públicos, el derecho a un medio ambiente ecológicamente equilibrado y en última instancia, la dignidad de la persona humana.Palabras-clave: Educación ambiental. Consejería de Medio Ambiente. Política pública. Ciudadanía. Revisor do inglês: Prof. Ms. Wellington da Silva OliveiraRevisor do espanhol: Prof. Lilian de Souza


2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-148
Author(s):  
Carter Vaughn Findley

In addition to my primary research specialty in Ottoman history, I prepared to teach the history of the Islamic Middle East from my first year in graduate school onward, and I did so throughout my academic career, including preparing graduate students to teach Ottoman and modern Middle Eastern history. My start in world history came later. Around the time I got tenure, my department decided, for comically bad reasons, to create a single world history course on the twentieth century. Having never witnessed creation ex nihilo in a department meeting before, I volunteered for the course. The department's reasons for creating the course were farcical, but I recognized it as a valuable intellectual property. In the existing state of the pedagogical literature, no one had paused to analyze the issues that made the twentieth century into more than the last chapter of a comprehensive world history book. A couple of years later, just as we finished teaching the course for the first time, an editor came along and asked if I had ever thought about writing a textbook. Yes, I had thought about it. Only I had assumed many years would pass before anyone would ask. Such were the origins of my coauthored Twentieth-Century World, having gone through seven editions from 1986 until 2010. It would be an understatement to say that radical revisions were required for each new edition, given not only the lengthening chronology but also the often radical revisions and improvements in the literature. If this presentation sounds more like a memoir than a research paper, the reason is that my dual lives in Middle Eastern and world history interacted in the pedagogical realm, raising issues that redirected my basic research and theoretical inquiries along the way.


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