scholarly journals Lysophosphatidylcholine Enhances Cytokine Production of Endothelial Cells via Induction of L-Type Amino Acid Transporter 1 and Cell Surface Antigen 4F2

2004 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1640-1645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wakako Takabe ◽  
Yoshikatsu Kanai ◽  
Arthit Chairoungdua ◽  
Noriyuki Shibata ◽  
Sono Toi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Cytokine Production ◽  
Amino Acid Transporter ◽  
Cell Surface Antigen ◽  
Acid Transporter

Galectin-lattice sustains function of cationic amino acid transporter and insulin secretion of pancreatic β cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 167 (6) ◽  
pp. 587-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kento Maeda ◽  
Masayoshi Tasaki ◽  
Yukio Ando ◽  
Kazuaki Ohtsubo
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Amino Acid Transporter ◽  
Cell Surface Expression ◽  
Cationic Amino Acid Transporter ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Pancreatic Β Cells ◽  
Cationic Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Transporter

Abstract Maintenance of cell surface residency and function of glycoproteins by lectins are essential for regulating cellular functions. Galectins are β-galactoside-binding lectins and form a galectin-lattice, which regulates stability, clustering, membrane sub-domain localization and endocytosis of plasmalemmal glycoproteins. We have previously reported that galectin-2 (Gal-2) forms a complex with cationic amino acid transporter 3 (CAT3) in pancreatic β cells, although the biological significance of the molecular interaction between Gal-2 and CAT3 has not been elucidated. In this study, we demonstrated that the structure of N-glycan of CAT3 was either tetra- or tri-antennary branch structure carrying β-galactosides, which works as galectin-ligands. Indeed, CAT3 bound to Gal-2 using β-galactoside epitope. Moreover, the disruption of the glycan-mediated bindings between galectins and CAT3 significantly reduced cell surface expression levels of CAT3. The reduced cell surface residency of CAT3 attenuated the cellular arginine uptake activities and subsequently reduced nitric oxide production, and thus impaired the arginine-stimulated insulin secretion of pancreatic β cells. These results indicate that galectin-lattice stabilizes CAT3 by preventing endocytosis to sustain the arginine-stimulated insulin secretion of pancreatic β cells. This provides a novel cell biological insight into the endocrinological mechanism of nutrition metabolism and homeostasis.

Cell-surface receptor for ecotropic murine retroviruses is a basic amino-acid transporter

Nature ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 352 (6337) ◽  
pp. 729-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Wang ◽  
Michael P. Kavanaugh ◽  
R. Alan North ◽  
David Kabat
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Basic Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Transporter ◽  
Cell Surface Receptor ◽  
Surface Receptor ◽  
Acid Transporter

Estradiol augments while progesterone inhibits arginine transport in human endothelial cells through modulation of cationic amino acid transporter-1

2015 ◽  
Vol 309 (4) ◽  
pp. R421-R427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ohad S. Bentur ◽  
Doron Schwartz ◽  
Tamara Chernichovski ◽  
Merav Ingbir ◽  
Talia Weinstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Amino Acid Transporter ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Cationic Amino Acid Transporter ◽  
Cationic Amino Acid ◽  
Arginine Transport ◽  
Arginine Uptake ◽  
Acid Transporter

Decreased generation of nitric oxide (NO) by endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) characterizes endothelial dysfunction (ECD). Delivery of arginine to eNOS by cationic amino acid transporter-1 (CAT-1) was shown to modulate eNOS activity. We found in female rats, but not in males, that CAT-1 activity is preserved with age and in chronic renal failure, two experimental models of ECD. In contrast, during pregnancy CAT-1 is inhibited. We hypothesize that female sex hormones regulate arginine transport. Arginine uptake in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) was determined following incubation with either 17β-estradiol (E2) or progesterone. Exposure to E2 (50 and 100 nM) for 30 min resulted in a significant increase in arginine transport and reduction in phosphorylated CAT-1 (the inactive form) protein content. This was coupled with a decrease in phosphorylated MAPK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2. Progesterone (1 and 100 pM for 30 min) attenuated arginine uptake and increased phosphorylated CAT-1, phosphorylated protein kinase Cα (PKCα), and phosphorylated ERK1/2 protein content. GO-6976 (PKCα inhibitor) prevented the progesterone-induced decrease in arginine transport. Coincubation with both progesterone and estrogen for 30 min resulted in attenuated arginine transport. While estradiol increases arginine transport and CAT-1 activity through modulation of constitutive signaling transduction pathways involving ERK, progesterone inhibits arginine transport and CAT-1 via both PKCα and ERK1/2 phosphorylation, an effect that predominates over estradiol.

scholarly journals Modulation of ecotropic murine retroviruses by N-linked glycosylation of the cell surface receptor/amino acid transporter.

1996 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 6884-6891 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Wang ◽  
E Klamo ◽  
S E Kuhmann ◽  
S L Kozak ◽  
M P Kavanaugh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Amino Acid Transporter ◽  
Cell Surface Receptor ◽  
Surface Receptor ◽  
Acid Transporter

scholarly journals OR31-03 Single-Cell Profiling of Adult Human Ovarian Cortex Reveals Six Main Cell Types but No Germline Stem Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Wagner ◽  
Masahito Yoshihara ◽  
Iyadh Douagi ◽  
Anastasios Damdimopoulos ◽  
Sarita Panula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Cell Surface Antigen ◽  
Germline Stem Cells ◽  
Ovarian Cortex ◽  
Main Cell

Abstract The human ovary orchestrates sex hormone production and undergoes monthly structural changes to release mature oocytes. The outer lining of the ovary (cortex) has a key role in defining fertility in women as it harbors the ovarian reserve. It has been suggested that oogonial stem cells exist in the ovarian cortex and that these can be captured by DDX4 antibody isolation. Our study aimed at comprehensive characterization of all cell types present in the ovarian cortex, including the previously reported oogonial stem cells. We developed methods to dissociate human ovarian cortex to a viable single cell solution allowing subsequent analysis by single cell transcriptomic profiling and cell surface antigen screening. In all analyses, cells captured by DDX4 antibodies (DDX4 Ab+) were included as a reference. High quality ovarian cortex tissue from gender reassignement and caesarean section patients was used in the analyses. Our single cell transcriptomic analyses based on >24,000 cells revealed the presence of six main cell types in ovarian cortex; oocytes, granulosa cells, immune cells, endothelial cells, perivascular cells, and stromal cells. Surface marker screening showed robust expression of 43 cell surface antigens in ovarian cortex cells. With the help of transcriptomic and cell surface antigen profiles, the DDX4 Ab+ cells were identified as perivascular cells. This finding was validated by immunostaining of ovarian tissue showing DDX4 Ab+ cells lining CD31 positive endothelial cells of blood vessels. To search for germline stem cells on a broader front, we compared our data with human fetal ovary cells including pre-meiotic germ cells (Li et al. 2017) and found no evidence for the presence of germ line stem cells of any kind in adult human ovarian cortex. In summary, we provide the first cell map of human ovarian cortex. Our results demonstrate six main cell types, but cannot provide support to the existence of oogonial stem cells. This dataset will be a valuable tool for studying the role of specific cell populations in ovarian biology, dissecting causes of infertility, and developing novel assisted reproductive technologies or even contraceptives.

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