Abstract P402: Cardiovascular Diseases and Cancer: Is it Possible a Unique Prevention?

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Palmieri ◽  
Chiara Donfrancesco ◽  
Silvia Rossi ◽  
Fabio Pannozzo ◽  
Susanna Busco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Risk Profile ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Cancer Register ◽  
Common Risk Factors

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and cancer together cause more than 70% of all deaths. Both the pathologies are caused by the interaction of environmental, behavioral and genetic risk factors. For some recognized CVD risk factors (e.g. smoking and obesity) recent studies found a relation also with several cancers. It’s rare to find studies including both CVD and cancer, fatal and non fatal events. Aim: To pool data from CVD longitudinal study and cancer register to investigate possible common risk factors and verify if cardiovascular favourable risk profile is protective also for cancer in order to implement common preventive strategies at population and individual level. Methods: Men and women (ages 20–75 years) data from the Italian Progetto CUORE cohorts and from the Cancer Register implemented in the area of Latina, were pooled. Risk factors were measured and collected using the same standardized procedures and methodologies: body mass index (BMI), diabetes, metabolic syndrome (MS) (ATP-III definition), total and HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, smoking habit, alcohol consumption, educational level. In women, menopausal status and parity were included. Follow-up was conducted until December 2004 for both CVD and cancer, fatal and non fatal events. All Cox regression Hazard Ratios (HR) were adjusted by age, gender, educational level, and study. Results: In 9752 persons (5153 women and 4599 men without cardiovascular events and cancer at baseline) 628 cancer events in men and 531 in women, 504 cardiovascular events in men and 274 in women were identified during a median f-u of 18 years. Smoking resulted significantly associated with cancer risk, also when adjusted by BMI, alcohol, and MS in men (current smokers HR=1.74). In women, MS was positively associated with cancer risk, but not significantly. Persons with favorable risk profile (no smoking, BMI<25 kg/m 2 , Total Cholesterol<200 mg/dl, Blood Pressure<120/80 mmHg, no diabetes) resulted at low risk for all cause, CVD and cancer mortality. Conclusions: There are important common risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and cancers. People with favourable risk profile live longer and cost less to the Heath System. This could be a first step to identify and implement common preventive actions at population and individual level in order to reduce both cardiovascular and cancer diseases.

scholarly journals Assessment of Arterial Stiffness Using the Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index – What We Know and What We Strive for

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 619-627
Author(s):  
A. N. Sumin ◽  
A. V. Shcheglova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Dynamic Assessment ◽  
Geriatric Medicine ◽  
Stiffness Index ◽  
Vascular Aging

Currently, the importance of assessing arterial stiffness as an integral indicator of cardiovascular risk, an indicator of arteriosclerosis, and a predictor of cardiovascular events has been demonstrated. The traditional indicator of arterial stiffness-pulse wave velocity-depends on the level of blood pressure, which makes it difficult to use it for dynamic assessment. The proposed new arterial stiffness index-the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), does not depend on the level of blood pressure and is more convenient in practical use. CAVI has been widely used in clinical medicine for the past 15 years as an index for assessing cardiovascular diseases and risk factors, which has allowed for the expansion and deepening of research on this topic. This review focuses primarily on recent publications and new opportunities for evaluating vascular function using CAVI. The review provides information on solving methodological problems in evaluating CAVI, highlights the relationship between CAVI and future cardiovascular events, and provides cross-sectional data on the Association of CAVI with the presence of cardiovascular diseases and their risk factors. The results of studies on the effect of drug therapy and measures to control risk factors for cardiovascular diseases on CAVI are presented. While it remains unclear how much changes in CAVI over time can affect the forecast, research is currently being conducted in this direction. The use of CAVI also opens up new perspectives in the assessment of cardiovascular interactions, the study of vascular function in vasculitis and vascular injuries, as well as in geriatric medicine (concepts of premature vascular aging and excess vascular aging).

scholarly journals Effects of olive oil on blood pressure: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 272 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Zamora-Zamora ◽  
J. M. Martínez-Galiano ◽  
J. J. Gaforio ◽  
M. Delgado-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Extra Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Factors Associated

Hypertension is one of the most important risk factors associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases. Numerous studies have revealed that a diet enriched in olive oil can have a beneficial effect on blood pressure. This systematic review includes the effects of olive oil on blood pressure in individuals without previous cardiovascular events. Liquid oil shows a decrease in blood pressure, while capsules have not produced any effect. Diastolic blood pressure decreased after the consumption of olive oil, -0.73 mm Hg, 95% CI (-1.07, -0.40); p < 0.001, I2 = 86.9%, with high heterogeneity among the included studies. This reduction was mainly due to extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) from 10 ml to 50 ml/day: -1.44 mm Hg, 95% CI (-1.89, -1.00); p < 0.001. Regarding systolic blood pressure the observed decrease is not statistically significant. Further studies on the consumption of EVOO are needed to confirm these results.

Fibrinogen and Factor Vllag in Healthy Adolescents: The Floren-teen (Florence Teenager) Study

1996 ◽  
Vol 75 (05) ◽  
pp. 778-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domenico Prisco ◽  
Sandra Fedi ◽  
Tamara Brunelli ◽  
Anna Paola Cellai ◽  
Mohamed Isse Hagi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Factor Vii ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease Prevention ◽  
Familial History ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Adolescent Population

SummaryAt least five studies based on more than twenty thousand healthy subjects indicated that fibrinogen is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular events; less clear-cut is the relation between factor VII and risk for arterial thrombotic disorders, which was demonstrated in two of the three studies investigating this association. However, no study has investigated the behaviour of fibrinogen and factor VII in an adolescent population. In a study of Preventive Medicine and Education Program, fibrinogen (clotting method) and factor Vllag (ELISA), in addition to other metabolic parameters, life-style and familial history, were investigated in 451 students (313 females and 138 males, age 15-17 years) from two high schools of Florence. Fibrinogen levels were significantly higher in women than in men, whereas factor Vllag levels did not significantly differ. Both fibrinogen and factor Vllag significantly correlated with total cholesterol (p <0.05) while only fibrinogen correlated with body mass index (p <0.01). Factor Vllag was significantly correlated with systolic blood pressure (p <0.001). This study provides information on coagulation risk factors in a population of adolescents which may be of importance in planning coronary heart disease prevention programs.

Association between Patients with Metabolic Syndrome and Other Various Factors Defining Metabolic Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Basavaraj PG ◽  
Ashok P Yenkanchi ◽  
Chidanand Galagali
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Positive History ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Study Results ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean

Background: Risk factors can lead to clinical conditions, like metabolic syndrome, that predisposes the development of cardiovascular diseases. Objective: The goal of this population-based, prospective and non-randomised cohort study was to study the association between patients with metabolic syndrome and other various factors defining metabolic syndrome. Methods: All the patients referred to the department of Medicine, Al-Ameen Medical college hospital and District Hospital, Vijayapur, Karnataka, India over a period of twenty-two months extending from December 2013 to September 2015 were considered in this study. Results: In the current study, out of 100 patients, 62.9% patients had metabolic syndrome with positive family history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus. 70.8% patients had metabolic syndrome with positive history of smoking. 64.3% patients had metabolic syndrome with positive history of alcohol .73.9% patients had metabolic syndrome with positive history of IHD. 87% of the patients with metabolic syndrome had SBP> 130 mmHg, and 78.85% patients had DBP>85 mmHg. And metabolic syndrome was observed in 71.8% patients on anti hypertensive drugs. The mean level of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglyceride is increased whereas the mean level of anti-atherogenic HDL cholesterol is low in subjects with MS. At least one lipid abnormality was present in > 95 % of cases. Around 81% subjects with BMI <25 (out of 38) had metabolic syndrome and 58% subjects with BMI>25(out of 62) had metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: All the components defining the metabolic syndrome correlated positively with the abdominal obesity. Systolic blood pressure values were significantly higher than diastolic blood pressure in subjects with abdominal obesity. Metabolic syndrome has multiple risk factors determined by various aspects like the race, the life style, geographical factors larger study is needed to understand the correlation between various components defining it. A healthy lifestyle, that includes avoiding tobacco exposure and proper weight control, must be encouraged in this high-risk population. Keywords: Cardiovascular diseases; Overweight; Risk factors; Smoking.

scholarly journals SOME RISK FACTORS OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES IN THE PERM REGION

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1(82)) ◽  
pp. 25-27
Author(s):  
Н. Корягина ◽  
О. Мелехова ◽  
А. Мальцев ◽  
К. Прохоров ◽  
В. Корягин
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Perm Region

Risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) were studied in residents of the Perm region of working age (18-45 years). The prevalence of hypertension was within 19%. The level of blood pressure was: systolic - 119.3 mm Hg. ± 0.78 mm Hg, diastolic - 88 mm Hg ± 0.47 mm Hg Signs of hypothyroidism were found in 8.0% of women and 15.6% of men.

scholarly journals Prostate Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Unhealthy Eating ◽  
Oncological Diseases ◽  
Common Risk Factors

Cardiovascular diseases and prostate cancer share common risk factors such as age of presentation, unhealthy eating, obesity and smoking. It is also known that in Chile, cardiovascular and oncological diseases cause 52% of the global mortality in Chile according to 2014 data [1].

scholarly journals Association between area-level education and the co-occurrence of behavior-related risk factors: a multilevel analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Fernando Boing ◽  
SV Subramanian ◽  
Alexandra Crispim Boing
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Simultaneous Occurrence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Unhealthy Eating

ABSTRACT: Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the association of four different risk factors for chronic diseases and accumulation of these health behaviors with area-level education, regardless of individual-level characteristics in Brazil. Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study was carried out in Southern Brazil including 1,720 adults in 2009/2010. The simultaneous occurrence of tobacco smoking, abusive drinking, unhealthy eating habits, and physical inactivity was investigated. Using multilevel models, we tested whether area-level education was associated with each risk factor and with the co-occurrence of them after controlling sociodemographic individual-level variables. Results: We observed a between-group variance of 7.79, 7.11, 6.84 and 1.08% for physical inactivity, problematic use of alcohol, unhealthy eating habits, and smoking, respectively. The between-group variance for the combination of four behaviors was 14.2%. Area-level education explained a significant proportion of the variance observed in physical inactivity and unhealthy eating habits. Residents of low educational level neighborhoods showed a 2.40 (95%CI 1.58 - 3.66) times higher chance of unhealthy eating and 1.78 (95%CI 1.19 - 2.67) times higher chance of physical inactivity. The likelihood of individuals with two or three/four risk factors was simultaneously higher among residents of low educational level neighborhoods. Conclusion: Public policies should consider the area-level characteristics, including education to control risk factors for chronic diseases.

scholarly journals Risk factors of uncontrolled hypertension in urban slums of Central India : A Community health worker based two-year follow up

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhijit P Pakhare ◽  
Anuja Lahiri ◽  
Neelesh Shrivastava ◽  
N Subba Krishna ◽  
Ankur Joshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Blood Pressure Control ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Primary Care Providers ◽  
Uncontrolled Hypertension ◽  
Optimal Blood Pressure

AbstractBackgroundHypertension is a leading cause of cardiovascular diseases its control is poor. There exists heterogeneity in levels of blood-pressure control among various population sub-groups. Present study conducted in framework of National Program for prevention and control of cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and stroke (NPCDCS) in India, aims to estimate proportion of optimal blood pressure control and identify potential risk factors pertaining uncontrolled hypertension consequent to initial screening.MethodsWe conceived a cohort of individuals with hypertension confirmed in a baseline screening in sixteen urban slum clusters of Bhopal (2017-2018). Sixteen Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) were trained from within these urban slum communities. Individuals with hypertension were linked to primary care providers and followed-up for next two years. Obtaining optimal blood-pressure control (defined as SBP< 140 and DBP<90 mm of Hg) was a key outcome. Role of baseline anthropometric, and CVD risk factors was evaluated as predictors of blood-pressure control on univariate and multivariate analysis.ResultsOf a total of 6174 individuals, 1571 (25.4%) had hypertension, of which 813 were previously known and 758 were newly detected during baseline survey. Two year follow up was completed for 1177 (74.9%). Blood-pressure was optimally controlled in 301 (26%) at baseline, and in 442 (38%) individuals at two years (absolute increase of 12%; 95% CI 10.2-13.9). Older age, physical-inactivity, higher BMI and newly diagnosed hypertension were significantly associated with uncontrolled blood-pressure.ConclusionsIn the current study we found about six of every ten individuals with hypertension were on-treatment, and about four were optimally controlled. These findings provide a benchmark for NPCDCS, in terms of achievable goals within short periods of follow-up.

scholarly journals Risk factors for cervical cancer in women in China: A meta-model

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 174550652094087
Author(s):  
Samuel Aballéa ◽  
Ekkehard Beck ◽  
Xiao Cheng ◽  
Nadia Demarteau ◽  
Xiao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Risk Profile ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Meta Model ◽  
Cervical Cancer Risk

Objectives: Cervical cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women in China. This analysis is a quantitative evidence synthesis pooling information about each cervical cancer risk factor. Methods: A meta-model was developed to estimate the risk of cervical cancer for a woman aged 18–85 years in Mainland China based on her risk profile at the time of assessment. The meta-model was built using findings of a systematic literature review that identified 21 case–control studies reporting data on 105 groups of cervical cancer risk factors in Chinese women. Extracted risk factors were ranked, and 17 were selected by Chinese clinical experts for inclusion in the meta-model. Risk equations were developed for each selected study. Predicted risks for each study were dependent on the risk profile under consideration and study-specific risks were pooled to an overall risk estimate using a random-effects meta-analysis. Sensitivity analysis was conducted using 100 artificial patient profiles (in the absence of patient data). Results: Predicted risks for the 100 profiles suggested that the model had good face validity and could differentiate between high and non-high cervical cancer risk profiles. Conclusion: This innovative meta-model approach assesses cervical cancer risk in Chinese women from a holistic perspective and could be adapted for other diseases and settings.

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