Abstract P160: Conflicting Associations of Acculturation and Cardiovascular Risk in Hispanics in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2010: What Are We Measuring?

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenny Lopez ◽  
Fatima Rodriguez ◽  
James B Meigs ◽  
Jeffrey M Ashburner
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
National Health ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Sampling Weights ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
The Us ◽  
At Home

Background: Acculturation is the process by which immigrant groups adopt the cultural practices and values of the host country. Research has produced conflicting results in the association between acculturation and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk among Hispanics. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) has collected multiple acculturation measures. We evaluated the hypothesis that the acculturation measure utilized impacts the association with CVD risk. Methods: The following measures of acculturation were available: Nativity, Language spoken at home (‘mostly English,’ ‘Equal English/Spanish,’ ‘Mostly Spanish’), Years in the US (0-5, 6-10, 11-15, 16-20, >20), and US citizenship. The validated Short Acculturation Scale (SAS) was only used between 1999 and 2004. Chi-squared analyses and logistic regression models were used to examine the independent association of acculturation with CVD risk factors: hypertension, BMI, diabetes (HgbA1c ≥6.5), total cholesterol ≥ 240 mg/dl, HDL (male: <40 mg/dl, female <50 mg/dl). Models were adjusted for age, gender, insurance, education, income, having a usual place of care, and appropriate sampling weights. Nominal association between acculturation variables was assessed with the uncertainty coefficient (UC) (Range: -1 [100% negative association] to 1 [100% positive association]). Results: Of 8707 Hispanics, less acculturated adults, as measured through language, were slightly older (mean age 41 vs. 39), were more likely to have less than a high school education (66 vs. 25%), less likely to have a usual source of care (61 vs.79%), and more likely to be uninsured (57 vs. 27%). Only 8% were born in the US, 31% were US citizens, and 58% reported 15 yrs or less in the US. In fully adjusted models, the SAS and other language based acculturation measures showed null association with CVD risk while increasing years in the US was consistently associated with increasing risk over time of hypertension (ORs range: 1.1-2.3), obesity (ORs range: 1.2-2.4) and diabetes (ORs range: 1.0-2.6). Only obesity had similar point estimates and confidence intervals across acculturation measures (ORs range: 1.0 - 2.4). Moderate positive correlation was highest between language usually spoken at home and country of birth (UC=0.4) followed by US citizenship (UC=0.3). Conclusions: NHANES is widely used in the study of Hispanic health. Different acculturation measures demonstrate differing associations with CVD risk factors. In contrast to language-based measures, only length of residence in the US showed consist associations across CVD risk factors. Future research is needed to further characterize acculturation metrics among heterogeneous Hispanic populations.

Abstract 63: The Existence Of An Obesity Paradox In Uncontrolled Hypertension: A 1999-2018 National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey Analysis

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aayush Visaria ◽  
Soko Setoguchi
Keyword(s):  
National Health ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Obesity Paradox ◽  
Uncontrolled Hypertension ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Survey Analysis ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Health And Nutrition

Introduction: An obesity paradox has been described for several CVD conditions (e.g. heart failure), but not CVD risk factors. We aimed to determine whether the association between obesity and uncontrolled BP exhibited an obesity paradox in participants with HTN. Methods: We included adults ≥20 years from the 1999-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Obesity was categorized using BMI (Table). Mean BP was calculated as the average of 3 consecutive BP readings 30 seconds apart. Severe asymptomatic HTN (SAH) was defined as mean SBP≥180 or DBP≥120 mmHg. Overtly uncontrolled BP (OUBP) was defined as SBP≥160-179 or DBP≥100-119. We used survey design-adjusted multivariable logistic regression to determine odds of SAH and OUBP. Results: Among 15,042 participants with self-reported HTN (mean age 57, 52% female, 71% White), 7.1% had OUBP and 2.2% had SAH. Participants with BMI ≥30 were more likely to be younger, female, non-Hispanic Black, have dyslipidemia, and report lower sodium intake, and less likely to have CKD or CVD. Those with BMI ≥27.5 had significantly lower adjusted odds of SAH than participants with a normal BMI of 18.5-23, whereas BMI<18.5 was associated with insignificantly increased odds of SAH (Table). Every 1 kg/m 2 increase in BMI was associated with a 4% decrease in odds of SAH. BMI was not significantly associated with OUBP. Addition of waist circumference attenuated, but did not modify, the effect of BMI on SAH or OUBP. Conclusion: Even after adjustment for demographic, socioeconomic, and comorbid factors, a BMI above 27.5 kg/m 2 was associated with >40% decreased odds of SAH among participants with self-reported HTN.

scholarly journals Dietary Sources of Melamine Exposure among US Children and Adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003–2004

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3844
Author(s):  
Melissa M. Melough ◽  
Deborah Foster ◽  
Sheela Sathyanarayana
Keyword(s):  
National Health ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Whole Grains ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Production Volume ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Processed Meats ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
The Us

Melamine is a high-production-volume chemical and a kidney toxicant. Diet is a key source of melamine exposure, yet little is known about which foods in the US diet may be contaminated. This study evaluated the associations of foods and dietary patterns with melamine exposure using data from 478 US adults and children from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003–2004. Melamine concentrations were measured in spot urine samples. Dietary recalls were used to collect dietary data from the day preceding urine collection. Melamine was detectable (>0.09 ng/mL) in 76.2% of the participants’ urine. The geometric mean urinary melamine was 11.563 µg/g of creatinine (standard error (SE): 1.235). In adjusted linear regression models, each additional ounce of processed meats or whole grains was associated with 10.6% (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.7, 19.0; p = 0.007) or 17.4% (95% CI: 4.7, 31.7; p = 0.006) greater creatinine-adjusted melamine concentrations, respectively. A dietary pattern characterized by high fruit, whole grain, milk, and yogurt intake was positively associated with melamine exposure. In conclusion, processed meats, whole grains, and possibly other plant-based foods may be important melamine sources in the US. Future research should confirm these findings using more recent data and examine the potential health risks of chronic low-level melamine exposure.

Abstract P110: Sex Differences in the Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors Among United States- and Foreign-born Adults in the 2011-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth-Alma N Turkson-Ocran ◽  
Nwakaego A Ukonu ◽  
Yvonne Commodore-Mensah
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Place Of Birth ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
The Us ◽  
Obesity Hypertension

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide and in the United States (US). Foreign-born (FB) persons in the US are a rapidly increasing population. Despite increased awareness of important sex differences in CVD risk factors (CVDRF), few studies have examined this phenomenon among FB- and US-born adults Hypothesis: We hypothesize that sex differences exist in the prevalence of overweight/obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia among FB- and US-Born participants. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional design was used to examine the 2011-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. A generalized linear model using Poisson distribution was fitted to obtain age-adjusted predicted probabilities and risk of overweight/obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia by place of birth. These CVD risk factors were defined according to national guidelines. Results: A total of 22429 participants were included with 29.68% (6658/22429) FB and 69.3% (15771/22429) US-born. The mean age was 47.5(±18.6 SD) years; 48.5% (10875/22429) were male. Overall, US-borns had higher prevalence of overweight/obesity (69.8% vs 63.8.0%; p<0.05) and hypertension (32.6% vs 22.2%; p<0.05), but lower prevalence of diabetes (11.3% vs 12.4%; p<0.05), and hypercholesterolemia (39.3% vs 43.3%; p<0.05) compared to FB-born participants. The sex differences in the prevalence and the prevalence ratios of CVDRF are presented in Table 1. Conclusion: Males were more likely to be overweight/obese and be hypertensive than females regardless of place of birth. US-born males were more likely to be diabetic but less likely to have hypercholesterolemia compared to their female counterparts. It is important to consider place of birth when examining sex-differences in CVD risk in the US population.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: An Age-matched Analysis from FiLWHEL (2014–2016), NNS (2008), KNHANES (2013–2015) and NHANES (2013–2016) Data (P18-088-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherlyn Mae Provido ◽  
Grace Abris ◽  
An Na Kim ◽  
Sangmo Hong ◽  
Sung Hoon Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
P Value ◽  
Korean Women ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Filipino Women ◽  
The Us

Abstract Objectives Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is accountable for major cause of deaths among women worldwide. We aimed to assess the prevalence of CVD risk factors among Filipino women in Korea, Filipino women in the Philippines, Korean women in Korea and US women in the US. Methods We randomly selected a sample of 504 women from each study using a 1:1 age-matching analysis. Age range from 20–57 years old. We analyzed anthropometry, blood pressure and biomarkers data from the Filipino Women's Health and Diet Study (FiLWHEL), the Philippine National Nutrition Survey (NNS), Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) and the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). We used the American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (AHA/NHLBI) criteria to categorize blood lipids. We assessed the prevalence of CVD risk factors using proportions, means and standard deviations. Results We found that high BMI (≥25 kg/m²) and high waist circumference (WC: ≥85 cm) were prevalent in NHANES (65.6%, mean BMI = 29.48 ± 8.18 and 70.8%, mean WC = 96.16 ± 18.19, respectively) than in FiLWHEL (30.9%, 26.4% respectively), NNS (29.0%, 23.9% respectively) and KNHANES (19.8%, 12.0% respectively), p-value = <.0001. NHANES also exhibited higher prevalence for high cholesterol (≥200 mg/dL), high triglyceride (≥150 mg/dL) and high glucose (≥110 mg/dL) with 32.3%, 25.4% and 10.8% respectively. However, compared with NHANES (28.3%) and KNHANES (21.6%), NNS and FiLWHEL had higher prevalence of pre-hypertension and hypertension combined (47.6% and 43.8%, respectively), p-value = < .0001. Also, high prevalence of low HDL-c (<50 mg/dL) was striking in NNS (39.84 ± 5.75) than in FiLWHEL (58.19 ± 14.06), NHANES (57.44 ± 16.76) and KNHANES (56.97 ± 11.35). Conclusions Our study suggest that the prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular disease were different across Filipino women in Korea and in the Philippines, Korean women and US women. Funding Sources Handok Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic Disparities in Foods/Beverages and Nutrients Consumed by U.S. Adolescents When Snacking: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2018

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2530
Author(s):  
Navika Gangrade ◽  
Janet Figueroa ◽  
Tashara M. Leak
Keyword(s):  
National Health ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Income ◽  
High Income ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Income Ratio

Snacking contributes a significant portion of adolescents’ daily energy intake and is associated with poor overall diet and increased body mass index. Adolescents from low socioeconomic status (SES) households have poorer snacking behaviors than their higher-SES counterparts. However, it is unclear if the types of food/beverages and nutrients consumed during snacking differ by SES among adolescents. Therefore, this study examines SES disparities in the aforementioned snacking characteristics by analyzing the data of 7132 adolescents (12–19 years) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2018. Results reveal that adolescents from low-income households (poverty-to-income ratio (PIR) ≤ 1.3) have lower odds of consuming the food/beverage categories “Milk and Dairy” (aOR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.58-0.95; p = 0.007) and “Fruits” (aOR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.50–0.78; p = 0.001) as snacks and higher odds of consuming “Beverages” (aOR: 1.45; 95% CI: 1.19-1.76; p = 0.001) compared to those from high-income households (PIR > 3.5). Additionally, adolescents from low- and middle-income (PIR > 1.3–3.5) households consume more added sugar (7.98 and 7.78 g vs. 6.66 g; p = 0.012, p = 0.026) and less fiber (0.78 and 0.77 g vs. 0.84 g; p = 0.044, p = 0.019) from snacks compared to their high-income counterparts. Future research is necessary to understand factors that influence snacking among adolescents, and interventions are needed, especially for adolescents from low-SES communities.

Higher diet quality is associated with higher diet costs when eating at home and away from home: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005-2016

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Zach Conrad ◽  
Sarah Reinhardt ◽  
Rebecca Boehm ◽  
Acree McDowell
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
National Health ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Food Away From Home ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Food Consumed ◽  
At Home

Abstract Objectives: To evaluate the association between diet quality and cost for foods purchased for consumption at home and away from home. Design: Cross-sectional analysis. Multivariable linear regression models evaluated the association between diet quality and cost for all food, food at home, and food away from home. Setting: Daily food intake data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005-2016). Food prices were derived using data from multiple, publicly available databases. Diet quality was assessed using the Healthy Eating Index-2015 and the Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010. Participants: 30,564 individuals ≥20 y with complete and reliable dietary data. Results: Mean per capita daily diet cost was $14.19 (95% CI: $13.91-14.48), including $6.92 ($6.73-7.10) for food consumed at home and $7.28 ($7.05-7.50) for food consumed away from home. Diet quality was higher for food at home compared to food away from home (P<0.001). Higher diet quality was associated with higher food costs overall, at home, and away from home (P<0.001 for all comparisons). Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that higher diet quality is associated with higher costs for all food, food consumed at home, and food consumed away from home. This research provides policymakers, public health professionals, and clinicians with information needed to support healthy eating habits. These findings are particularly relevant to contemporary health and economic concerns that have worsened because of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Association between selenium intake, diabetes, and mortality in adults: findings from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2014

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Bushra Hoque ◽  
Zumin Shi
Keyword(s):  
National Health ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
The Us ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Abstract Selenium (Se) is a trace mineral that has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to investigate the association between Se intake, diabetes, all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a representative sample of US adults. Data from 18,932 adults who attended the 2003-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were analysed. Information on mortality was obtained from the US mortality registry updated to 2015. Multivariable logistic regression and Cox regression were used. Cross-sectionally, Se intake was positively associated with diabetes. Comparing extreme quartiles of Se intake, the odds ratio (OR) for diabetes was 1.44 (95% CI: 1.09–1.89). During a mean of 6.6 years follow-up, there were 1627 death (312 CVD, 386 cancer). High intake of Se was associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality. When comparing the highest with the lowest quartiles of Se intake, the hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause, CVD mortality, cancer mortality and other mortality were: 0.77 (95% CI 0.59-1.01), 0.62 (95% CI, 0.35-1.13), 1.42 (95% CI, 0.78-2.58) and 0.60 (95% CI,0.40-0.80), respectively. The inverse association between Se intake and all-cause mortality was only found among white participants. In conclusion, Se intake was positively associated with diabetes but inversely associated with all-cause mortality. There was no interaction between Se intake and diabetes in relation to all-cause mortality.

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