Abstract 17720: Unique Features of Metabolic Syndrome in High BMI College Football Players

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward M Powers ◽  
Heidi J Silver ◽  
Lynn A Seabolt ◽  
Abbie L Warren ◽  
Hakmook Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
College Football ◽  
Positive Energy ◽  
Football Players ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Positive Energy Balance ◽  
High Bmi

Background: Metabolic syndrome in football players is a common, yet poorly understood phenomenon. With 88,000 college football players and one million high school football players, there is a large, at-risk population. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that metabolic syndrome in football players is driven by oxidative stress and positive energy balance. Methods: A single site, cross-sectional study was performed at Vanderbilt University Medical Center of high BMI college football players (n=33). Prevalence of metabolic syndrome was determined. Data related to diet composition, oxidative stress, inflammation, body composition, glucose disposition, lipoprotein metabolism, and endothelial function were assessed to identify drivers of the metabolic syndrome in this cohort. Results: Prevalence of clinical metabolic syndrome was 33% (11/33) despite high cardiorespiratory fitness in all players (Table 1). Elevated waist circumference, HDL, and elevated blood pressure were present together in 73% of cases. Cases had increased oxidative stress (F2-isoprostanes) and inflammation (CRP). Insulin resistance was not worse by HOMA. Visceral fat predicted HDL and CRP. Respiratory quotient was identical between groups but metabolomics revealed decreased TCA cycle intermediates in cases. There were no differences in caloric intake but cases had gained more weight (4.2 vs 2.0 kg, p=.06). Conclusion: High BMI collegiate football players have metabolic syndrome at unexpectedly high rates with a unique set of risk factors and unusual pathophysiology. They have low HDL despite normal triglyceride levels and no defects in glucose metabolism. These data suggest deleterious effects of positive energy balance and oxidative stress irrespective of exercise quantity. These results provide strong rationale to conduct larger, longitudinal studies.

Abstract 268: Vascular Dysfunction in High BMI Black College Football Players

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward M Powers ◽  
Murat Fudim ◽  
Heidi J Silver ◽  
Robert W Fitch ◽  
Kevin D Niswender
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Positive Energy ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Arterial Elasticity ◽  
Black Athletes ◽  
Positive Energy Balance ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
High Bmi

Background: Former football players (FP) who competed with BMI > 30 have high rates of atherosclerosis and early mortality (28% by age 50). FP are disproportionately black, a group predisposed to hypertension and atherosclerosis. Hypothesis: Positive energy balance and oxidative stress lead to vascular dysfunction in black FP. Methods: High BMI college FP (n=33) underwent metabolic and vascular testing at the Vanderbilt Medical Center during the offseason training program. Endothelial function was tested using flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery. Arterial elasticity and vascular resistance were tested using a calibrated tonometer. Regression was performed using least squares on Stat, version 12. Results: Elevated blood pressure (EBP) (SBP > 130) was common in both black (n = 14) and white (n = 19) athletes (78% vs 63%, p = .34). Black players had significantly higher systemic vascular resistance and lower arterial elasticity. However, they had significantly better lipid profiles and body composition, and comparable insulin resistance assessed by HOMA. In black FP, EBP was associated with positive energy balance (4.3 kg gained during six weeks from enrollment to clinic visit vs. 0.7 kg, p = .05). Daily caloric intake predicted endothelial function as measured by flow mediated vasodilation (FMD) (r=.76, p=.001). Caloric intake and oxidative stress (F2-isoprostanes) trended to inversely correlate with larger artery elasticity (r=.40, p=.09 and r=.41, p=.09, respectively). HOMA did not predict FMD (r < .01, p = .56). Respiratory quotient (RQ) correlated with f2-isoprostanes (r=.53, p=.02), suggesting a link between mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Conclusion: High BMI black FP suffer from vascular dysfunction, possibly due to oxidative stress from overfeeding. This correlates with studies of non-athlete adult population, but differs notably in being independent of insulin resistance. A larger, longitudinal study is needed to establish a link between overfeeding, vascular dysfunction and early cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in high BMI black athletes. The role of oxidative stress and selective use of nitric oxide donor drugs in black athletes should be explored.

Cut off value of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration for predicting metabolic syndrome

2019 ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
Trong Nghia Nguyen ◽  
Thi Nhan Nguyen ◽  
Thi Dua Dao
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Key Words Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
And Control

Background: The metabolic syndrome is a constellation of cardiometabolic risk factors that tend to cluster together in affected individuals more often than predicted by chance. The presence of the metabolic syndrome substantially increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, and is associated with a range of adverse clinical outcomes, many of which are closely associated with aging. Current estimates suggest that approximately 20 - 25% of the world’s population is affected by the metabolic syndrome. The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome rises with age and more than 45% of people aged over 60 years have the metabolic syndrome. Recent studies show that low vitamin D status is very common in the world and this is a risk factor of metabolic syndrome. Objective: (1) Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in subjects with metabolic syndrome. (2) Cut off value of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration for predicting metabolic syndrome. Material and method: A cross-sectional study with control group on 318 adult subjects for health examinations at International Medical Center at Hue Central Hospital, including 139 subjects with metabolic syndrome and control group of 179 healthy subjects. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the IDF, NHLBI, AHA, WHF, IAS, IASO (2009). Plasma hydroxyvitamin D concentration was measured using chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay. Reciever operating characteristic (ROC) curve were generated to assess sensitivity and specificity for different cut off value of 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration for predicting metabolic syndrome. Results: Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in subjects with metabolic syndrome was 26.4 ng/ml, incidence of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency (59.7%) was significantly higher than in control group (23.5%) (p < 0.001). The optimal cut off point for 25-OH-D concentration for predictor of metabolic syndrome as 26.4 ng/ml (AUC=0.657, sensitivity=53.4%, specificity=71.6%). Conclusion: In 139 subjects with metabolic syndrome, the plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration was 26.4 ng/ml and the incidence of 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency in the metabolic syndrome group was 59.7%. The optimal cut off point for plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration for predictor of metabolic syndrome as 26.4 ng/ml. Key words: Metabolic syndrome, 25-hydroxyvitamin D

scholarly journals Telomere Length and Oxidative Stress and Its Relation with Metabolic Syndrome Components in the Aging

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
Graciela Gavia-García ◽  
Juana Rosado-Pérez ◽  
Taide Laurita Arista-Ugalde ◽  
Itzen Aguiñiga-Sánchez ◽  
Edelmiro Santiago-Osorio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Telomeric Dna ◽  
Biochemical Alterations ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Function

A great amount of scientific evidence supports that Oxidative Stress (OxS) can contribute to telomeric attrition and also plays an important role in the development of certain age-related diseases, among them the metabolic syndrome (MetS), which is characterised by clinical and biochemical alterations such as obesity, dyslipidaemia, arterial hypertension, hyperglycaemia, and insulin resistance, all of which are considered as risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular diseases, which are associated in turn with an increase of OxS. In this sense, we review scientific evidence that supports the association between OxS with telomere length (TL) dynamics and the relationship with MetS components in aging. It was analysed whether each MetS component affects the telomere length separately or if they all affect it together. Likewise, this review provides a summary of the structure and function of telomeres and telomerase, the mechanisms of telomeric DNA repair, how telomere length may influence the fate of cells or be linked to inflammation and the development of age-related diseases, and finally, how the lifestyles can affect telomere length.

Weight loss is associated with improved endothelial dysfunction via NOX2-generated oxidative stress down-regulation in patients with the metabolic syndrome

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Angelico ◽  
Lorenzo Loffredo ◽  
Pasquale Pignatelli ◽  
Teresa Augelletti ◽  
Roberto Carnevale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Down Regulation ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

scholarly journals The effect of breakfast on appetite regulation, energy balance and exercise performance

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Clayton ◽  
Lewis J. James
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Precise Determination ◽  
Positive Energy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Energy Balance ◽  
The Impact

The belief that breakfast is the most important meal of day has been derived from cross-sectional studies that have associated breakfast consumption with a lower BMI. This suggests that breakfast omission either leads to an increase in energy intake or a reduction in energy expenditure over the remainder of the day, resulting in a state of positive energy balance. However, observational studies do not imply causality. A number of intervention studies have been conducted, enabling more precise determination of breakfast manipulation on indices of energy balance. This review will examine the results from these studies in adults, attempting to identify causal links between breakfast and energy balance, as well as determining whether consumption of breakfast influences exercise performance. Despite the associations in the literature, intervention studies have generally found a reduction in total daily energy intake when breakfast is omitted from the daily meal pattern. Moreover, whilst consumption of breakfast supresses appetite during the morning, this effect appears to be transient as the first meal consumed after breakfast seems to offset appetite to a similar extent, independent of breakfast. Whether breakfast affects energy expenditure is less clear. Whilst breakfast does not seem to affect basal metabolism, breakfast omission may reduce free-living physical activity and endurance exercise performance throughout the day. In conclusion, the available research suggests breakfast omission may influence energy expenditure more strongly than energy intake. Longer term intervention studies are required to confirm this relationship, and determine the impact of these variables on weight management.

Abstract 3672: Loss of Perivascular Adipocyte Paracrine Function Leads to Increased Vascular Tone and Glucose Intolerance in Hypertension

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaivan Khavandi ◽  
Adam Greenstein ◽  
Sarah Withers ◽  
Kazuhiko Sonoyama ◽  
Sarah Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Vascular Tone ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Perivascular Adipose Tissue ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Adipocyte Cell ◽  
Therapeutic Opportunity

In order to investigate the contribution of perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) to arterial function, a total of 55 small arteries harvested from 35 skin biopsies of patients with Metabolic Syndrome and matched controls were mounted as ring preparations in a wire myograph. Contractility to cumulative doses of Norepinephrine in the presence or absence of PVAT showed an anticontractile effect in arteries from healthy volunteers (p=0.009), which was lost in patients with Metabolic Syndrome. Bioassay studies confirmed that PVAT releases a hydrophilic anticontractile factor in health, which is absent in obesity. Using a soluble fragment of the human Type 1 receptor, we identified that the anticontractile factor was adiponectin, which is the sole mediator of vasodilation, acting by increasing endothelial bioavailability of nitric oxide. Significant endothelial dysfunction was observed in patients with Metabolic Syndrome (p<0.001). Quantitative image analysis of adipose tissue revealed significantly increased adipocyte cell size in patients with Metabolic Syndrome, compared with healthy controls (p<0.006). There was immunohistochemical evidence of inflammation with upregulation of TNF-alpha receptor 1 in these patients (p<0.001). Application of exogenous TNF-alpha abolished the anticontractile effect of PVAT by reducing adiponectin bioavailability. Oxidative stress also induced by cytokines TNF-alpha and IL-6 but not IL-1, reduced adiponectin production from PVAT and increased basal tone. When the obese microenvironment was replicated in vitro by inflicting hypoxia on PVAT, adiponectin activity was lost but then rescued by incubation with cytokine antagonists. Further application of the adiponectin receptor fragment abolished PVAT relaxation. We conclude that in healthy arteries, PVAT releases adiponectin which reduces vascular tone. In obesity, this is lost by a cascade of adipocyte hypertrophy, hypoxia, inflammation and oxidative stress. The resulting vasoconstriction contributes to hypertension, hypertriglyceridaemia and insulin resistance. Direct targeting of adiponectin release from PVAT therefore provides a novel therapeutic opportunity in the Metabolic Syndrome.

Weight Dysregulation, Positive Energy Balance, and Binge Eating in Eating Disorders

Binge Eating ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 59-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. Lowe ◽  
Leora L. Haller ◽  
Simar Singh ◽  
Joanna Y. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Positive Energy ◽  
Positive Energy Balance

scholarly journals Correlation of Ferritin and Transferrin Serum with hsCRP and F2-Isoprostane in Metabolic Syndrome

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Waode Nurfina ◽  
Irawan Yusuf ◽  
Mansyur Arif
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Metabolic Conditions ◽  
Inflammatory State ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

BACKGROUND: The low inflammatory state that accompanies the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) associates with the overexpression of oxidative stress. Ferritin and Transferrin serum are often used to measure iron status and their concentrations are altered in several metabolic conditions. We hypothesized that concentration of Ferritin and Transferrin serum increase in Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and correlate with the inflammation and oxidative stress.METHODS: We studied 65 male MetS patients, aged 43.26±7.16 years. Iron metabolism was measured by concentration of Ferritin and Transferrin serums, while inflammatory and oxidative stress by high sensitivity C-reactive Protein (hsCRP) and F2-Isoprostane.RESULTS: Concentration of Ferritin 315.70±188.63 ng/L and Transferrin 2.36±0.31 g/L increased along with increasing components of MetS. Concentration of Ferritin serum had a positive correlation with hsCRP (r=0.220) and F2-Isoprostane (r=0.023).CONCLUSION: Serum concentration of Ferritin increased in the MetS and correlates with hsCRP and F2-Isoprostane.KEYWORDS: metabolic syndrome, ferritin, transferrin, hsCRP, F2-isoprostane

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document