Abstract P138: Alterations in Cardiac Structure and Function in Young Adults Born Extremely Preterm: Impact of Neonatal Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Hypertension ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Oneeb Rehman Mian ◽  
Jean-Luc Bigras ◽  
Rafael Fernandes ◽  
Mariane Bertagnolli ◽  
Li Feng Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Cardiac Remodeling ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Cardiac Structure ◽  
Lv Mass ◽  
Extremely Preterm ◽  
Cardiac Structure And Function ◽  
And Function

Objective: Studies support a causal association between preterm birth and increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Increased left and right ventricular mass and impaired systolic and diastolic function has been reported in young adults born preterm. However, the impact of extreme preterm birth and prematurity-specific complications on adult cardiac structure and function has not been evaluated. We assessed cardiac structure and function in young adults born extremely preterm (EPT) versus term, and correlated long term cardiac remodeling with neonatal bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Methods: Eighty five EPT (gest. age = 27.1±1.4 weeks) were recruited along with term-born controls matched for age, sex and socioeconomic status. Birth and neonatal data (gestational age, birth weight, BPD indicated by O 2 requirements at 36 weeks postmenstrual age) was collected. Ambulatory blood pressure (Spacelabs) and echocardiographic measurements (Phillips) were taken. Comparisons were performed using ANOVA or T-test. Results: EPT presented with increased systolic (119±9 vs 116±8 mmHg, P<0.05) and diastolic (68±5 vs 66±6 mmHg, P<0.05) blood pressures. EPT exhibited reduced septal thickness (IVS, 6.8±0.8 vs 7.1±1.1 mm, P<0.05), left ventricular internal dimension (LVID, 46±4 vs 48±5 mm, P<0.05), LV end-diastolic (98±20 vs 106±24 ml, P<0.05) and end-systolic (36±9 vs 40±11 ml, P<0.01) volumes, right ventricular internal dimension (RVID, 22±3 vs 24±4 mm, P<0.05), and LV mass (104±27 vs 115±30 g, P<0.05), but similar LV mass and volume indexes. EPT exhibited increased LV myocardial performance index (0.41±0.04 vs 0.39±0.04, P<0.01), reduced mitral lateral e’ (17.6±2.8 vs 19.1±2.6 cm/s, P<0.01), mitral s’ (10.7±2.3 vs 11.6±2.3 cm/s, P<0.01), tricuspid E’ (15.8±2.7 vs 16.8±2.1 cm/s, P<0.05), and tricuspid S’ (13.1±2.0 vs 14.0±2.0 cm/s, P<0.01) waves, and a trend in reduced mitral E wave (81±14 vs 85±15 cm/s, P=0.09). EPT with neonatal BPD exhibited greater reduction in IVS (6.5±0.8 mm, P<0.05 vs terms), LVID (45±4 mm, P<0.05), LV Mass (98±22 g, P<0.05), and RVID (20±3 mm, P<0.01). Conclusions: EPT exhibit cardiac structural and functional alterations compared to term-born individuals. Neonatal BPD in EPT is a key contributor to long term cardiac remodeling.

scholarly journals Temporal Measures in Cardiac Structure and Function During the Development of Obesity Induced by Different Types of Western Diet in a Rat Model

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Fernandes Vileigas ◽  
Cecília Lume de Carvalho Marciano ◽  
Gustavo Augusto Ferreira Mota ◽  
Sérgio Luiz Borges de Souza ◽  
Paula Grippa Sant’Ana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Remodeling ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Western Diet ◽  
Cardiac Structure ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Cardiac Structure And Function ◽  
And Function

Obesity is recognized worldwide as a complex metabolic disorder that has reached epidemic proportions and is often associated with a high incidence of cardiovascular diseases. To study this pathology and evaluate cardiac function, several models of diet-induced obesity (DIO) have been developed. The Western diet (WD) is one of the most widely used models; however, variations in diet composition and time period of the experimental protocol make comparisons challenging. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of two different types of Western diet on cardiac remodeling in obese rats with sequential analyses during a long-term follow-up. Male Wistar rats were distributed into three groups fed with control diet (CD), Western diet fat (WDF), and Western diet sugar (WDS) for 41 weeks. The animal nutritional profile and cardiac histology were assessed at the 41st week. Cardiac structure and function were evaluated by echocardiogram at four different moments: 17, 25, 33, and 41 weeks. A noninvasive method was performed to assess systolic blood pressure at the 33rd and 41st week. The animals fed with WD (WDF and WDS) developed pronounced obesity with an average increase of 86.5% in adiposity index at the end of the experiment. WDF and WDS groups also presented hypertension. The echocardiographic data showed no structural differences among the three groups, but WDF animals presented decreased endocardial fractional shortening and ejection fraction at the 33rd and 41st week, suggesting altered systolic function. Moreover, WDF and WFS animals did not present hypertrophy and interstitial collagen accumulation in the left ventricle. In conclusion, both WD were effective in triggering severe obesity in rats; however, only the WDF induced mild cardiac dysfunction after long-term diet exposure. Further studies are needed to search for an appropriate DIO model with relevant cardiac remodeling.

Abstract MP57: The Association Between Anthropometrics and Different Measures of Cardiac Structure and Function - The Echo-SOL Study

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew A Allison ◽  
Jianwen Cai ◽  
Ankit Desai ◽  
Barry Hurwitz ◽  
Ai Ni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiac Structure ◽  
Physical Measurements ◽  
Lv Mass ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cardiac Structure And Function ◽  
And Function

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the magnitudes and significances of the associations between adiposity and echocardiographically determined measures of left ventricular (LV) structure and function in a diverse cohort of Hispanic/Latino adults. Methods: Subjects were 1,350 adult men and women participants of the Hispanic Communities Health Study - Study of Latinos (HCHS-SOL) who enrolled in an ancillary study to determine cardiac structure and function by echocardiography. In addition to echocardiography, subjects were evaluated by extensive survey information, relevant physical measurements (to include bioelectrical impedance) and fasting blood assays. Results: The mean age was 56.1 years and 57% were female. Twenty-six percent were Mexican American, 25% Cuban American, 18% Dominican American, 17% Puerto Rican American, 8% Central American and 7% South American. Overall, the mean ejection fraction was 60.5%, while the mean stroke volume was 70 ml, end diastolic volume 83 ml, fractional shortening 31% and cardiac output 4.5 L/min. Results of multivariable linear regression adjusted for age, gender, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, cigarette smoking, family history of coronary heart disease, C-reactive protein and chronic kidney disease revealed that each 1-unit increment in body mass index (BMI) and fat mass (FM) by impedance was associated with 0.64 and 0.25 (p < 0.01 for both) higher LV mass index (to height), while a 0.1 unit increment in the waist to hip ratio (WHR) was associated with 3.2 higher LV mass index. Concomitantly, each 1-unit increment in BMI and FM was associated with 7 and 3% (p < 0.01 for each) higher odds of LV hypertrophy, while a 0.1 unit increment in WHR was associated with 78% higher odds for LV hypertrophy (p < 0.01). On the other hand, none of these variables were significantly associated with ejection fraction. There were no significant interactions between the anthropometric variables and the different Hispanic groups for LV mass index or hypertrophy. Conclusions: Among Hispanics/Latinos from different cultural backgrounds, and by three measures of body composition (BMI, FM and WHR), higher levels of adiposity are significantly associated with higher LV mass indexed for height and the odds for hypertrophy, while not being associated with better or worse ejection fraction.

Abstract P015: Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 and Echocardiographic Measures of Cardiac Structure and Function among African Americans: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey R Misialek ◽  
Alvaro Alonso ◽  
Erin D Michos ◽  
Scott D Solomon ◽  
Amil M Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Cardiac Structure ◽  
Fibroblast Growth ◽  
Lv Mass ◽  
Cardiac Structure And Function ◽  
And Function ◽  
Aric Study

Introduction: Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), an endocrine hormone, induced left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy through direct action in experimental animal models. The association of FGF23 with echocardiographic measures in humans is relatively uncharacterized. Hypothesis: Higher levels of FGF23 will be cross-sectionally associated with more adverse echocardiographic measures of LV structure and function. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 2086 African-American adults (66% female, median age 55) from a subset of the ARIC Study, a community-based cohort in the United States. Intact active FGF23 was assessed in blood samples collected at ARIC visit two (1990-1992). Echocardiography was performed at visit three (1993-1995) in participants recruited at the Jackson field center only. We used multivariable linear regression to evaluate the associations of FGF23 (per 15 pg/mL change) with echocardiographic measures after adjustment for traditional cardiovascular risk factors assessed at visit two. We also examined differences in observed associations by age and sex using interaction terms. Results: FGF23 was significantly associated with greater left atrial diameter and LV mass index (Table). A significant sex interaction was identified for LV diameter (p-interaction = 0.005). No association was observed in men while a positive association was observed among women. An adverse, decreasing trend in percent fractional shortening of the LV diameter at higher levels of FGF was stronger in individuals aged >55 (p-interaction = 0.03). No linear association was found between FGF23 and E/A ratio. Conclusion: FGF23 was associated with higher LV mass, larger LV size, and lower LV systolic function. These findings are consistent with results from experimental animal studies and provide evidence suggesting that cardiac structure and function may be influenced by FGF23 in humans. Prospective studies are needed to evaluate whether FGF23 is associated with change in markers of cardiac structure and function.

508: Cardiac structure and function in long-term pediatric heart transplant survivors

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. S243
Author(s):  
A. Kulikowska ◽  
S.E. Boslaugh ◽  
S. Foerster ◽  
C.H. Gumbiner ◽  
K.E. Ward ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Transplant ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Cardiac Structure ◽  
Cardiac Structure And Function ◽  
And Function ◽  
Pediatric Heart Transplant

scholarly journals Kashmiri Wazwan: Are We Listening to Our Endothelium?

JMS SKIMS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-74
Author(s):  
M Fuad Jan ◽  
Suhail Allaqband
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cardiac Remodeling ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Cardiac Structure ◽  
Unsaturated Lipid ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Blood Pressure Homeostasis ◽  
Cardiac Structure And Function ◽  
And Function

In animal models of diet-induced obesity, hypercaloric (4.6 Kcal/g) diets have been shown to have metabolic hormonal effects, including hyperglycemia, insulin resistance and changes in leptin profiles 1, as well as undesirable effects on blood pressure homeostasis and even cardiac remodeling. Such effects have been directly and inversely correlated with saturated and unsaturated lipid consumption, respectively. In these experimental models, it also has been elegantly demonstrated that a variety of alterations in cardiac structure and function occur due to reduced myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity, alterations in Ca2+ handling proteins and beta-adrenergic receptors2-5. JMS 2013;16(2):72-74

Abstract 193: Multiple Prior Live Births Are Associated With Cardiac Remodeling and Heart Failure in Women

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Sarma ◽  
Samantha Paniagua ◽  
Elizabeth Liu ◽  
Emily Lau ◽  
Martin Larson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiac Remodeling ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Cardiac Structure ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Nulliparous Women ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Cardiac Structure And Function ◽  
And Function

Introduction: Greater parity has been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, though effects on cardiac remodeling and heart failure risk remain unclear. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that multiple prior live births are associated with (1) structural and functional cardiac remodeling and (2) risk of future heart failure. Methods: We examined the association of number of live births and echocardiographic measures of cardiac structure and function in women participants of the Framingham Heart Study (FHS) using multivariable linear regression. We next examined the association of parity with incident heart failure (HFpEF, HFrEF) using Cox models in a pooled analysis of n=10,431 participants of FHS, the Cardiovascular Health Study, and the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Results: Among n=3931 FHS participants (mean age 48 ± 13 years), higher number of live births was associated with worse LV fractional shortening (multivariable β -1.11 (0.31), p= 0.0005 in ≥ 5 live births vs nulliparous women, p trend= 0.02, Figure ). In addition, greater parity was associated with worse cardiac mechanics including global circumferential strain and longitudinal and radial dyssynchrony (p< 0.01 for all comparing ≥ 5 live births vs nulliparity). Over a mean follow-up of 11.7 ± 3.2 years, 298 HFpEF and 225 HFrEF events occurred. Women with ≥5 live births were at higher risk of developing future HFrEF compared with nulliparous women (HR 1.93, 95% CI 1.19-3.12, p=0.008); by contrast, a lower risk of HFpEF was observed (HR 0.58, 95% CI 0.37-0.91, p=0.02, p trend= 0.04). Conclusions: Greater number of live births are associated with worse cardiac structure and function, as well as increased risk of incident HFrEF. Further studies are needed to better understand mechanisms by which repeated pregnancies portend adverse cardiovascular risk.

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