scholarly journals Endothelial Dysfunction Potentially Interacts With Impaired Glucose Metabolism to Increase Cardiovascular Risk

Hypertension ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 1192-1193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guanghong Jia ◽  
James R. Sowers
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Impaired Glucose Metabolism

scholarly journals Lipid Abnormalities in Patients With Cushing’s Disease and Its Relationship With Impaired Glucose Metabolism

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolin Sun ◽  
Ming Feng ◽  
Lin Lu ◽  
Zixuan Zhao ◽  
Xinjie Bao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Cushing’S Disease ◽  
Cushing's Disease ◽  
Impaired Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Morning Cortisol ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Lipid Abnormalities ◽  
The Impact

PurposeDyslipidemia has been frequently reported and associated with increased cardiovascular risk in patients with Cushing’s disease (CD). Few studies are available regarding the relationships between lipid abnormalities and other preoperative metabolic comorbidities in CD, and the data on alterations of the lipid profile after surgery is quite variable. We aimed to investigate the associations between hyperlipidemia and other baseline metabolic and hormonal parameters and the impact of surgical remission on lipid metabolism in patients with CD.MethodsThis retrospective study included 104 patients diagnosed with CD. Baseline hormonal and metabolic parameters were compared between the hyperlipidemia (HLP) group and non-hyperlipidemia (NLP) group, and their relationships with hyperlipidemia at diagnosis were evaluated. Alterations in lipid profiles after surgical remission of CD were evaluated in 65 patients with available follow-up data.ResultsUpon baseline, logistic regression analysis showed that impaired glucose metabolism (IGM) (OR=4.68, 95%CI:1.38–15.91) and morning cortisol levels (per 10 μg/dl change) (OR=1.81, 95%CI:1.11–2.95) are both independent risk factors of preoperative occurrence of hyperlipidemia in patients with CD. The baseline triglyceride (TG) level was positively correlated with systolic blood pressure (SBP) (r=0.297, p=0.003). Lipid abnormalities had improvement but may persist after surgical remission, and the persisted hyperlipidemia is associated with higher baseline total cholesterol (TC) levels (r=0.505, p=0.033).ConclusionsPersistence of post-surgery hyperlipidemia is associated with severe baseline lipid abnormalities. Surgical remission with concomitant control of impaired glucose metabolism at diagnosis may have significant implications for controlling hyperlipidemia and reducing cardiovascular risk in CD.

scholarly journals Are retinal microvascular abnormalities associated with large artery endothelial dysfunction and intima-media thickness? The Hoorn Study

2006 ◽  
Vol 110 (5) ◽  
pp. 597-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manon V. van Hecke ◽  
Jacqueline M. Dekker ◽  
Giel Nijpels ◽  
Ronald P. Stolk ◽  
Ronald M. A. Henry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Microvascular Disease ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Imt ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

It has been hypothesized that microvascular dysfunction affects endothelial dysfunction of the large arteries, which may explain the relationship of microvascular disease with macrovascular disease. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship of retinal microvascular disorders with endothelium-dependent FMD (flow-mediated vasodilatation) and carotid IMT (intima-media thickness). A total of 256 participants, aged 60–85 years, 70 with normal glucose metabolism, 69 with impaired glucose metabolism and 109 with Type II diabetes, were included in this study. All participants were ophthalmologically examined, including funduscopy and two field 45° fundus photography, and were graded for retinal sclerotic vessel abnormalities and retinopathy. Retinal arteriolar and venular diameters were measured with a computer-assisted method. Brachial artery, endothelium-dependent FMD and carotid IMT were assessed ultrasonically as measurements of endothelial function and early atherosclerosis respectively. After adjustment for age, sex and glucose tolerance status, retinal vessel diameters, retinal sclerotic vessel abnormalities and retinopathy were not significantly associated with FMD. In contrast with other retinal microvascular abnormalities, retinal venular dilatation was associated with increased IMT [standardized β value (95% confidence interval), 0.14 (0.005–0.25)]. This association was attenuated and lost statistical significance after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors, in particular after correction for fasting insulin. In the present study, retinal microvascular disorders are not independently associated with impaired FMD. In addition, retinal venular dilatation is associated with increased IMT, although non-significantly after multivariable adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors. Therefore our data provide evidence that retinal microvascular disease is of limited value in risk stratification for future cardiovascular events.

scholarly journals Oxidative stress could precede endothelial dysfunction and insulin resistance in Indian Mauritians with impaired glucose metabolism

Diabetologia ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 706-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. K. Gopaul ◽  
M. D. Manraj ◽  
A. Hébé ◽  
S. Lee Kwai Yan ◽  
A. Johnston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Impaired Glucose Metabolism

scholarly journals The relationship of visceral obesity and cardio-ankle vascular index with impaired glucose metabolism according to the ESSE-RF study in West Siberian region.

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-146
Author(s):  
Alexei N. Sumin ◽  
N. A. Bezdenezhnykh ◽  
N. V. Fedorova ◽  
A. V. Bezdenezhnykh ◽  
E. V. Indukaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Visceral Obesity ◽  
Impaired Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Population Sampling ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Aim. To study the relationship of cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) and the factors of cardiovascular risk (including visceral obesity) with impaired glucose metabolism in a population sampling. Material and methods. Cross-sectional study was performed within the framework of multicentre epidemiological study ESSE-RF from March to October 2013. The study subject was a random population sampling of male and female adult population in the age of 25-64 years old in the Kemerovo region. Standard research protocol ESSE-RF is extended with additional research of peripheral arteries' stiffness at VaSeraVS-1000 apparatus (Fukuda Denshi, Japan) with automatic estimation of cardio-ankle vascular index. A sample of 1619 subjects was formed in several stages, 2 subjects with T1DM were excluded from it. The rest 1617 subjects were divided into three groups: group 1 - subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (n = 272), group 2 - subjects with pre-diabetes - impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance or a combination of them (n = 44), group 3 - subjects without any confirmed impaired glucose metabolism (n = 1301). Results. This type 2 diabetes was diagnosed in 16.6% patients, pre-diabetes - in 2.7%. When comparing the clinical and medical history and laboratory characteristics to the following trend is noteworthy: patients with diabetes and prediabetes were comparable for most indicators, but significantly different from patients without disorders of carbohydrate metabolism. The prevalence of coronary heart disease, hypertension, obesity, stroke, kidney disease, dyslipidemia was higher among diabetic and pre-diabetic persons. The incidence of pathologic CAVI (> 9.0) was higher among patients with diabetes and prediabetes (15.9% and 16.8%) compared with those with normoglycaemia (9.0%, p < 0.001 for trend). In the total sample CAVI positively correlated with age (r = 0.526, р < 0.001), T2DM (r = 0.128, р < 0.001), pre-diabetes (r = 0.071, р = 0.002), waist circumference (r = 0.125, р < 0.001), visceral obesity (r = 0.097, р < 0.001), but not with BMI (r = 0.042, р = 0.132). According to the result of the regression analysis CAVI values were associated with the presence of diabetes (odds ratio (OR) 1.185 with an increase in the CAVI for each unit, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.100-1.276; p < 0.001), and pre-diabetes (OR 1.179, 95% CI 1.008-1.380; p = 0.044). Visceral obesity was associated with T2DM (OR 2.893, 95% CI 2.093-3.999, р < 0.001) and pre-diabetes (OR 2.350, 95% CI 1.119-4.935, р < 0.001). Conclusion. Prediabetic and diabetic patients have similar prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, including increased stiffness of arteries and visceral obesity. In a community sample of West Siberia increase in CAVI was associated with both type 2 diabetes and prediabetes.

scholarly journals Adipose Tissue Immunomodulation and Treg/Th17 Imbalance in the Impaired Glucose Metabolism of Children with Obesity

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 554
Author(s):  
Stefania Croce ◽  
Maria Antonietta Avanzini ◽  
Corrado Regalbuto ◽  
Erika Cordaro ◽  
Federica Vinci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Th17 Cells ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Immune Monitoring ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
Impaired Glucose Metabolism ◽  
T Cell Infiltration

In the last few decades, obesity has increased dramatically in pediatric patients. Obesity is a chronic disease correlated with systemic inflammation, characterized by the presence of CD4 and CD8 T cell infiltration and modified immune response, which contributes to the development of obesity related diseases and metabolic disorders, including impaired glucose metabolism. In particular, Treg and Th17 cells are dynamically balanced under healthy conditions, but imbalance occurs in inflammatory and pathological states, such as obesity. Some studies demonstrated that peripheral Treg and Th17 cells exhibit increased imbalance with worsening of glucose metabolic dysfunction, already in children with obesity. In this review, we considered the role of adipose tissue immunomodulation and the potential role played by Treg/T17 imbalance on the impaired glucose metabolism in pediatric obesity. In the patient care, immune monitoring could play an important role to define preventive strategies of pediatric metabolic disease treatments.

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