Early and Supernormal Vascular Aging

Pulse wave velocity is an established marker of early vascular aging but may also help identifying individuals with supernormal vascular aging. We tested the hypothesis that individuals with the largest difference (Δ-age) between chronological and vascular age show the lowest rate of cardiovascular events and may thus be defined as supernormal vascular aging. Vascular age was defined as the predicted age in the best fitting multivariable regression model including classical risk factors and treatment and pulse wave velocity, in a subset of the Reference Values for Arterial Stiffness Collaboration Database (n=3347). Δ-age was then calculated as chronological age minus vascular age, and the 10th and 90th percentiles were used to define early (Δ-age<−5.7 years), normal (Δ-age −5.7 to 6.8 years) and supernormal vascular aging (Δ-age>6.8 years). The risk for fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events associated with vascular aging categories was investigated in the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study cohort (n=2642). In the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study Cohort (6.6-year follow-up, 286 events), Δ-age was significantly ( P <0.01) and inversely associated with cardiovascular events. Compared with normal vascular aging, supernormal vascular aging had lower risk (hazard ratio, 0.59 [95% CI, 0.41–0.85]), whereas early vascular aging had higher risk (hazard ratio, 2.70 [95% CI, 1.55–4.70]) of cardiovascular events, in particular coronary events. There was no significant association with all-cause mortality. This study represents the first validation of the clinical significance of the supernormal vascular aging concept, based on prospective data. Its further characterization may help discovering novel protective molecular pathways and providing preventive strategies for successful vascular aging.

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P1553Differential association between vascular and chronological age with cardiovascular outcomes

European Heart Journal ◽

10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0313 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

R M Bruno ◽

P Nilsson ◽

G Engstrom ◽

B Wadstrom ◽

J P Empana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Reference Values ◽

Smoothing Splines ◽

Categorical Variables ◽

Study Cohort ◽

Continuous Variables ◽

Vascular Aging ◽

Cancer Study ◽

Vascular Age ◽

Diet And Cancer

Abstract Background/Introduction Increased pulse wave velocity (PWV), is a reliable marker of early vascular aging (EVA). However, the identification of individuals whose arteries are abnormally healthy in comparison to their age and cardiovascular (CV) risk profile might be of interest, to discover novel pathways of cardioprotection and provide preventive strategies for successful vascular aging. Purpose 1) to provide a novel calculation for vascular age and examine his determinants; 2) to test the hypothesis that individuals with the largest difference between chronological and vascular age (C-V age) show a lower rate of CV events than their counterparts, and may thus be defined as the supernormal vascular aging group (SUPERNOVA). Methods Vascular age was defined as predicted age based on classical CV risk factors and PWV. The best fitting model for vascular age was investigated in the multicenter, European, cross-sectional Reference Values for Arterial stiffness Collaboration Database (n=11406). Continuous variables were modelled as smoothing splines. Thereafter, the risk of fatal and non-fatal CV events associated with C-V age was examined in the longitudinal cohort of the Malmo Diet and Cancer Study (n=2663) using Cox proprotional hazard regression models. C-V age was examined as a continuous variable (natural splines) and as a 3 levels categorical variables based on the best grouping of the deciles of C-V age and corresponding to the EVA (<3.0 years), normal vascular aging (3.0 to 8.8 years) and SUPERNOVA (>8.8 years) respectively. Results In the Reference Values Cohort (age range 17–85 years, 52.4% men, 38.1% hypertensives, 3.9% diabetics, average PWV 7.8 m/s), the most significant predictor of vascular age (full model r2 0.598) was PWV. In the Malmo Diet and Cancer Study Cohort (age 61–89 years, 63.6% men, 64.0% hypertensives, 12.9% diabetics, PWV 11.5 m/s), during follow-up (6.6 years on average), 286 individuals developed a first cardiovascular event. In the Cox survival analysis, C-V age was significantly and inversely associated with CV events. Compare to normal vascular aging, participants with SUPERNOVA had lower risk for CV events [HR 0.51 (0.34–0.76)] whereas those with EVA had a higher risk [HR 2.71 (1.80–4.09)]. Instead, there was no significant association with all-cause mortality. Conclusions The use of PWV and CV risk factors may be useful to define early and supernormal vascular aging in particular, and to assess its clinical relevance towards the risk of cardiovascular disease and death.

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Early vascular aging in patients with metabolic syndrome: features of the course and diagnosis

South Russian Journal of Therapeutic Practice ◽

10.21886/2712-8156-2021-2-1-50-62. ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 50-62

Author(s):

S. V. Nedogoda ◽

A. S. Salasyuk ◽

I. N. Barykina ◽

V. O. Lutova ◽

E. A. Popova

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Pulse Wave Velocity ◽

Wave Velocity ◽

Pulse Wave ◽

Clinical Score ◽

Routine Care ◽

Vascular Aging ◽

Clinical Markers ◽

Vascular Age

Purpose: identifying the causes of early vascular aging (EVA) in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS), assessing the relationship between vascular age and various metabolic disorders, the severity of metabolic syndrome , tissue and circulating risk markers, the severity of non-infectious inflammation, and derive a new score for calculation vascular age and predicting early vascular aging in patients with metabolic syndrome.Materials and methods: а total of 750 patients aged 35 to 80 years with metabolic syndrome were examined. Early vascular aging syndrome was detected in 484 patients with metabolic syndrome and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) values exceeding expected for average age values by 2 or more SD.Results: Multiple logistic regression shown, that presence of type 2 diabetes and IR were associated with greater risk of early vascular aging, the risk of having early vascular aging increased by 76% with an increase in HOMA-IR by 1 unit, by 17% with an increase in carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity by 1 mg/l, by 4% with an increase in DBP by 1 mm Hg, and by 1% with each 1 pmol / L increase in the level of UA. For vascular age, calculated from carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, SCORE scale, QRISK-3 scale and Framingham scale, respectively. Diabetes mellitus and clinical markers of IR (yes/no), HOMA-IR and UA level were used to develop a new VAmets score for EVA prediction providing a total accuracy of 0.830 (95% CI 0,799 to 0,860).Conclusion: parallel efforts for effective integration simple clinical score into clinical practice have been offered. Our score (VAmets) may accurately identify patients with metabolic syndrome and early vascular aging on the basis of widely available clinical variables and classic cardiovascular risk factors can prioritize using of vascular age in routine care.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Normal vascular aging: differential effects on wave reflection and aortic pulse wave velocity: the Anglo-Cardiff Collaborative Trial (ACCT).

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.18358.475845 ◽

2006 ◽

Author(s):

Stanley Franklin

Keyword(s):

Pulse Wave Velocity ◽

Wave Velocity ◽

Wave Reflection ◽

Pulse Wave ◽

Aortic Pulse Wave Velocity ◽

Vascular Aging ◽

Differential Effects ◽

Collaborative Trial

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Ambulatory Pulse Wave Velocity Is a Stronger Predictor of Cardiovascular Events and All-Cause Mortality Than Office and Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Hemodialysis Patients.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.727593922.793531830 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Mahboob Rahman

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Pulse Wave Velocity ◽

Wave Velocity ◽

Ambulatory Blood Pressure ◽

Cardiovascular Events ◽

Pulse Wave ◽

Hemodialysis Patients ◽

All Cause Mortality

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Dynamic Pulse Wave Velocity Response to Hydrostatic Blood Pressure Gradient: A Pressure-Independent Marker of Vascular Aging?

American Journal of Hypertension ◽

10.1093/ajh/hpaa127 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Rachel E Climie ◽

Rosa-Maria Bruno

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Pulse Wave Velocity ◽

Pressure Gradient ◽

Wave Velocity ◽

Pulse Wave ◽

Vascular Aging ◽

Velocity Response ◽

Pressure Independent ◽

Independent Marker ◽

Dynamic Pulse

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MEASUREMENT OF PARAMETERS CHARACTERIZING EARLY VASCULAR AGING WITH THE USE OF OSCILLOMETRIC METHOD DURING SPACE FLIGHT

Aerospace and Environmental Medicine ◽

10.21687/0233-528x-2021-55-6-23-27 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 55 (6) ◽

pp. 23-27

Author(s):

E.S. Luchitskaya ◽

◽

I.I. Funtova ◽

J. Tank ◽

H. Reuter ◽

...

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Pulse Wave Velocity ◽

Wave Velocity ◽

Space Flight ◽

Pulse Wave ◽

Vascular Wall ◽

Vascular Aging ◽

Threshold Values ◽

Oscillometric Method ◽

Cardiac Health

The article covers the studies of the vascular wall functioning in cosmonauts using the data of pulse wave velocity as a biomarker of early vascular aging. The investigations were performed with the use of device Mobilograph twice before launch, every 30 days of 6-month ISS missions and on days 4 and 8 of recovery. Pulse wave velocity has never exceeded threshold values suggesting that participation in low-Earth orbital missions does not put at risk cardiac health threatening with vascular pathologies. Yet, the conclusion can be premature given the limited potentialities of the method and hardware used in the investigation.

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Abstract 17389: The Role of Arterial Stiffness in Mediating the Association Between Grip Strength and Cardiovascular Events: The Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.138.suppl_1.17389 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 138 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Cheol Ung Choi ◽

Woohyeun Kim ◽

Chol Shin ◽

Jong-il Choi ◽

Seong Hwan Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Pulse Wave Velocity ◽

Grip Strength ◽

Wave Velocity ◽

Cardiovascular Events ◽

Pulse Wave ◽

Augmentation Index ◽

Epidemiology Study ◽

Intima Medial Thickness ◽

Carotid Intima Medial Thickness

Introduction: Grip strength has been associated with cardiovascular events. However, there have been no exact mechanisms explaining the association between grip strength and cardiovascular events. Hypothesis: The aim of this study was to assess whether arterial stiffness or endothelial function could mediate the association between grip strength and cardiovascular events. Methods: We studied 1508 participants (Age; 60 ± 7, Men; 47.5 %) from the Ansan cohort of the Korean Genome Epidemiology Study. Participants were assessed for grip strength, measured using a Jamar dynamometer. The central blood pressure, the augmentation index, and the pulse wave velocity were evaluated by using an applanation tonometer. Intima medial thickness was measured by B-mode ultrasonogram with a 7.5 MHz linear array transducer. Results: With increasing the grip strength, augmentation index decreased (r= -0.445, p<0.001). Pulse wave velocity (r= -0.044, p=0.109) and carotid intima medial thickness (r= -0.004, p=0.881) had no significant correlation with grip strength. Conclusions: Grip strength was inversely correlated with augmentation index. This result suggests that systemic arterial stiffness could mediate the association between grip strength and cardiovascular events.

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