scholarly journals Listening to Horses

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Dashper
Keyword(s):  
Moral Responsibility ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Multispecies Ethnography ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Nonhuman Animals ◽  
Animal Use ◽  
Vulnerable Subjects ◽  
Human Participants ◽  
Sentient Beings

The involvement of nonhuman animals in human sport and leisure raises questions about the ethics of animal use (and sometimes abuse) for human pleasure. This article draws on a multispecies ethnography of amateur riding in the United Kingdom to consider some ways in which human participants try to develop attentive relationships with their equine partners. An ethical praxis of paying attention to horses as individual, sentient beings with intrinsic value beyond their relation to human activities can lead to the development of mutually rewarding interspecies relationships and partnerships within sport. However, these relationships always develop within the context of human-centric power relations that position animals as vulnerable subjects, placing moral responsibility on humans to safeguard animal interests in human sport and leisure.

scholarly journals De acordo com o governador, a decisão vale para todos que estejam em condições físicas adequadas, mesmo os que ainda não tomaram a vacina contra a Covid-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. e181002
Author(s):  
Yudit Rodríguez Coipel ◽  
Aníbal Domínguez Odio ◽  
Odaimis Mena Álvarez ◽  
Raiselys Toirac Proenza ◽  
Isbel González Marrero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Market ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Industrial Manufacturing ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Ancestral Knowledge ◽  
Oral Formulations ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Animal Use

The industrial manufacturing of natural products for veterinary use represents a major weakness in the veterinary sector despite increased interest and the traditional ancestral knowledge that supports them. A cross-sectional, descriptive observational study was conducted to characterize the veterinary herbal products marketed worldwide during 2018 and 2019. A comprehensive thematic search limited to the 2018-2019 period was performed in the ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, ResearchGate, and Academic Search Complete databases. The investigation identified 487 products registered in the global market manufactured by 54 companies, led by India, The Netherlands, and the United Kingdom. The market segments of animal production and phytomedicines were dominant with 73.7% and 53.0% of products, respectively. Cattle (22.2%), sheep-goats (16.2%), and canines (16.2%) were the most favored species. The most represented therapeutic indications were those intended to treat gastrointestinal disorders (30.47%), antimicrobials (16.66%), and antiparasitic agents (10.47%). The families Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, Asteraceae, Apiaceae, Malvaceae, and Rutaceae stood out because of their frequent use, encompassing 35.0% of the 137 declared species. Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees and Withania somnifera (Lin) Dunal were the most important species. Oral formulations for internal use (72%) and liquids (51%) in 100 mL, 500 mL, and 1 L presentations showed the highest prevalence on the market. The global market for veterinary herbal products during the 2018-2019 period was relevant in the productive and medical animal sector. No differences were found between medicinal plant species used to formulate herbal products for human and animal use.

Animal abuse, biotechnology and species justice

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Rodríguez Goyes ◽  
Ragnhild Sollund
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Western World ◽  
Green Criminology ◽  
Animal Abuse ◽  
Justice Theory ◽  
Nonhuman Animals ◽  
Instrumental View

Generally, in the modern, western world, conceptualizations of the natural environment are associated with what nature can offer us—an anthropocentric perspective whereby humans treat nature and all its biotic components as ‘natural resources’. When nature and the beings within it are regarded purely in utilitarian terms, humans lose sight of the fact that ecosystems and nonhuman animals have intrinsic value. Most biotechnological use of nonhuman animals is informed by an instrumental view of nature. In this article, we endeavour to broaden the field of animal abuse studies by including in it the exploration of biotechnological abuse of animals. We analyse the issue by discussing it in relation to differing philosophical starting points and, in particular, the rights and justice theory developed within green criminology.

Gene Doping—in Animals? Ethical Issues at the Intersection of Animal Use, Gene Editing, and Sports Ethics

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
CAROLYN P. NEUHAUS ◽  
BRENDAN PARENT
Keyword(s):  
Moral Status ◽  
Gene Editing ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Sports Ethics ◽  
Nonhuman Animals ◽  
Animal Use ◽  
Moral Status Of Animals ◽  
Do So

Abstract:Gene editors such as CRISPR could be used to create stronger, faster, or more resilient nonhuman animals. This is of keen interest to people who breed, train, race, and profit off the millions of animals used in sport that contribute billions of dollars to legal and illegal economies across the globe. People have tried for millennia to perfect sport animals; CRISPR proposes to do in one generation what might have taken decades previously. Moreover, gene editing may facilitate enhancing animals’ capacities beyond their typical limits. This paper describes the state of animal use and engineering for sport, examines the moral status of animals, and analyzes current and future ethical issues at the intersection of animal use, gene editing, and sports. We argue that animal sport enthusiasts and animal welfarists alike should be concerned about the inevitable use of CRISPR in sport animals. Though in principle CRISPR could be used to improve sport animals’ well-being, we think it is unlikely in practice to do so.

Neither human nor natural: ethics and feral animals

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Singer
Keyword(s):  
Fertility Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Specific Method ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Nonhuman Animals ◽  
Ethical Approaches ◽  
Feral Animals ◽  
Sentient Beings ◽  
The Given ◽  
Ethical Basis

There are three major ethical approaches to issues affecting nonhuman animals and the natural environment: an anthropocentric ethic, an ethic of concern for all sentient beings, and a biocentric approach. The ethic of concern for all sentient beings is the most defensible basis for resolving conflicts between the interests of humans and wild animals. There is no ethical basis for discounting the suffering of an animal simply because that being is a member of a different species. On the other hand, it is certainly true that human and nonhuman animals differ in their capacities, and this does make a difference to the ethics of what we may do to them, including rendering them infertile. Since ethics is not a matter of adhering to absolute rules, but rather of doing what will have best consequences, given the constraints under which we act, the ethics of using a specific method of fertility control for feral animals will depend on what other methods are being used, or will be used, if the given method is not available. It will also depend on the consequences of not using any method of controlling the population of the animals.

Which Beings Deserve Ethical Consideration? – From the Sentience Criterion to the Life Criterion

Utilitas ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-204
Author(s):  
Shigeo Nagaoka
Keyword(s):  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Ethical Consideration ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Sentient Beings

There are a variety of arguments regarding which entities on earth have intrinsic value and therefore deserve ethical consideration. The thesis that only human beings have intrinsic value has waned considerably in recent years, mainly thanks to the efforts of animal liberationists. There now seems to be wide agreement that ethical consideration should be extended to entities beyond human beings. Disagreements are concerned with how far it should be extended: to animals with similar capacities to humans, to all sentient beings, or to all living beings, or even to the whole ecosystem?

Some Implications of the Commodification of Information and the Emerging Information Economy for Applied Geographical Analysis in the United Kingdom

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 1423-1439 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Openshaw ◽  
J Goddard
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Information Economy ◽  
Data Bases ◽  
Computer Data ◽  
Geographical Analysis ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
The United Kingdom

This paper contains a consideration of some of the implications of the emerging information economy for quantitative geography. The vast increase in computer data bases creates exciting new prospects for applied analysis relevant to public policy and private organisations. An attempt is made to identify where these new opportunities are located, to discuss some of the reasons for previous failures, to exploit the intrinsic value of geographical analysis techniques, and to outline a research agenda for the future.

scholarly journals Protection of Animals in the Constitutions of the European Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 170-189
Author(s):  
Szilvia Vetter ◽  
László Ózsvári ◽  
Anita Boros
Keyword(s):  
Animal Species ◽  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Legal Institution ◽  
Animal Protection ◽  
Constitutional Protection ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Constitutional Level ◽  
As Species ◽  
Individual Protection

The aim of the study is to examine how animal protection, especially that of animal specimens, is included in the European constitutions. San Marino and the United Kingdom have no classical, written constitutions, hence, a total of 42 European constitutions were studied. Animals typically appear in the constitution as species that, as part of nature and the environment, must be conserved in order to preserve biodiversity. There are only a few constitutions in Europe that reflect a narrowly defined approach to animal protection. According to this, animals as individuals must be protected because of their intrinsic value. The research has shown that 14% (6 countries) of the European countries examined contain both species and specimen protection provisions in their constitutions. The vast majority, 69% (29 countries) included only animal species protection provisions in the constitution. 17% (7 countries) of the European constitutions do not contain a provision based on any of the criteria. Only Austria, Germany, Luxembourg, Slovenia, Sweden and Switzerland have provisions for individual protection of animals at constitutional level. In Switzerland, a unique legal institution, the “dignity of animals” was given constitutional protection.

scholarly journals The evil and crime: moral and legal dimension

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-241
Author(s):  
A D Kerimov ◽  
E V Halipova
Keyword(s):  
Moral Responsibility ◽  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Criminal Policy ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
The State ◽  
Philosophy Of Law ◽  
The Government ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Unlawful Conduct ◽  
Good And Evil

The article, in fact, a response to the ideas contained in the monograph A.I.Aleksandrova "evil philosophy and the philosophy of Crime (questions of philosophy of law, criminal policy and criminal procedure)." Readers are invited to meditation, inspired by philosophical and legal views A.I.Aleksandrova on such fundamental issues as the understanding and the ratio of good and evil crimes and atrocities, socially approved, lawful and unlawful conduct, political and moral responsibility of the government of the state of affairs in the field of the fight against crime, the intrinsic value of education, education and education not only youth, but also all citizens of the state of organized society, and others.

Uncertainty Monitoring and Metacognition by Animals

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. David Smith ◽  
David A. Washburn
Keyword(s):  
Research Literature ◽  
Cognitive Capacity ◽  
Uncertainty Monitoring ◽  
Nonhuman Animals ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
Human Participants

Humans have the capacity to feel consciously uncertain and to know when they do not know. These feelings and responses ground the research literature on uncertainty monitoring and metacognition (i.e., cognition about cognition). It is a natural and important question whether nonhuman animals share this sophisticated cognitive capacity. We summarize current research that confirms animals' capacity for uncertainty monitoring. This research includes perception and memory paradigms and monkey, dolphin, and human participants. It contains some of the strongest existing performance similarities between humans and other animals. There is a strong isomorphism between the uncertainty-monitoring capacities of humans and animals. Indeed, the results show that animals have functional features of or parallels to human metacognition and human conscious cognition.

Bordering Processes and Pony Wildness on Assateague Island

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Britton ◽  
Christian Hunold
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Barrier Island ◽  
Tourism Destination ◽  
Multispecies Ethnography ◽  
Respect For Autonomy ◽  
Nonhuman Animals ◽  
Beach Tourism ◽  
Multifunctional Landscape ◽  
Assateague Island ◽  
The U.S

Abstract This multispecies ethnography investigates how free-roaming ponies and humans participate in the production of “pony wildness” on Assateague Island, a barrier island located off the U.S. mid-Atlantic coast. The bordering practices of ponies intersect with the bordering practices of people to generate a relational conception of pony wildness that incorporates in people-pony relations a desire for intimacy with respect for autonomy, in a multifunctional landscape managed both as wilderness and as a beach tourism destination. This notion of pony wildness includes nonhuman charisma, fluidity, and managing human visitors. We conclude by discussing how the fluidity of pony wildness can help us think more imaginatively about other contexts in which communities of free-roaming nonhuman animals share space with human communities.

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