Is it heterochrony? Populational differences in tadpole of Corythomantis greeningi Boulenger, 1896 (Anura: Hylidae)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Lucas Rafael Uchôa ◽  
Claylton Costa ◽  
Felipe Sena ◽  
Etielle Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Oral Disc

Abstract Corythomantis greeningi is a hylid widely distributed in the xerophilic and sub-humid morphoclimatic regions of northeastern Brazil. The morphology of C. greeningi tadpoles were described from specimens collected in the Bahia, however, we observed some differences in morphology of individuals from Piauí, northeastern Brazil. The tadpoles were collected during the 2019 rainy season and 14 individuals were used to compare the larval characters. We observed differences in external, internal oral and chondrocranial morphology in relation to specimens previously described, especially in oral disc, number and shape of oral cavity papillae and some chondrocranium structures, suggesting a heterochrony in the development of the species. Further studies involving a greater number of tadpoles at different stages, combined with genetic, acoustic, and morphological factors of adult may establish the variation degree of C. greeningi in different regions of northeastern Brazil.

scholarly journals Differences in external, internal oral and chondrocranial morphology of the tadpole of Corythomantis greeningi Boulenger, 1896 (Anura: Hylidae)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Rafael Uchôa ◽  
Claylton A. Costa ◽  
Antonia Joyce S. Santos ◽  
Rayone A. Silva ◽  
Felipe P. Sena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Single Species ◽  
The State ◽  
External Morphology ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Oral Disc ◽  
Northeast Region ◽  
Oral Anatomy ◽  
Rule Out

ABSTRACTThe genus Corythomantis currently comprises a single species, Corythomantis greeningi, a hylid widely distributed in xerophilic and subhumid morphoclimatic regions of Brazil, mainly in the Northeast region. Recently the external morphology, internal oral anatomy, and chondrocranium of C. greeningi tadpoles were described from specimens collected in the state of Bahia, however, we observed some differences in morphology of individuals from the state of Piauí, northeastern Brazil. The tadpoles were collected during the 2019 rainy season and 14 individuals were used to describe and compare the larval characters. We observed differences in external, internal oral and chondrocranial morphology in relation to specimens previously described, especially in oral disc, number and shape of oral cavity papillae, and some chondrocranium structures, as: cartilago suprarostralis, cornua trabeculae, fontanella frontoparietalis, cartilago orbitalis e planum hypobranchiale. Our results point to the occurrence of heterochrony in C. greeningi, but we do not rule out the possibility that tadpoles belong to different species. Further studies involving a greater number of tadpoles at different stages, combined with genetic, acoustic, and morphological factors of adult specimens may establish the variation degree of C. greeningi in different regions of northeastern Brazil.RESUMOO gênero Corythomantis compreende atualmente uma única espécie, Corythomantis greeningi, um hilídeo amplamente distribuído nas regiões morfoclimáticas xerofílicas e subúmidas do Brasil, principalmente na região Nordeste. Recentimente foram descritas a morfologia externa, anatomia oral interna e condrocrânio do girino de C. greeningi a partir de espécimes coletados no estado da Bahia, no entanto, observamos algumas diferenças na morfologia dos indivíduos coletados na região norte do estado do Piauí, Nordeste do Brasil. Os girinos foram coletados durante o período chuvoso de 2019 e 14 indivíduos foram utilizados para descrição e comparação dos caracteres larvais. Observamos diferenças na morfologia externa, oral interna e no condrocranio do girino em relação ao descrito anteriormente, sobretudo no disco oral, no número e formato de papilas cavidade oral e algumas estruturas do condrocrânio, como: cartilago suprarostralis, cornua trabeculae, fontanella frontoparietalis, cartilago orbitalis e planum hypobranchiale. Nossos resultados apontam a ocorrência de heterocronia em C. greeningi, porém não descartamos a possibilidade dos girinos pertencerem a espécies diferentes. Estudos futuros envolvendo uma maior área de distribuição e maior número de indivíduos em estágios diferentes, aliados a fatores genéticos, acústico e morfológicos dos espécimes adultos poderão estabelecer o grau de variação de C. greeningi em diferentes regiões do Nordeste brasileiro.

scholarly journals The tadpole of Hypsiboas atlanticus (Anura, Hylidae) from northeastern Brazil

2009 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filipe A. C. do Nascimento ◽  
Marcelo G. de Lima ◽  
Gabriel O Skuk ◽  
Rafael O. de Sá
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Oral Disc ◽  
Single Row ◽  
The Status

The tadpole of Hypsiboas atlanticus (Caramaschi & Velosa, 1996) is described from the municipality of Maceió, State of Alagoas, Brazil. At stage 36 the larvae have an overall elliptical body in lateral and dorsal views, oral disc anteroventral, spiracular tube sinistral, and labial tooth row formula 2(1,2)/3(1). The oral disc is surrounded, almost completely (anterior medial gap present) by a single row of marginal papillae. Described tadpoles of the H. punctatus species group can be differentiated by a combined disc oral features. Additional descriptions of H. punctatus (Schneider, 1799) tadpoles from populations throughout South America may be helpful in determining the status of these populations.

scholarly journals Composition and diversity of anurans in the Restinga of the Conde municipality, northern coast of the state of Bahia, northeastern Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Augusto Trindade Gondim-Silva ◽  
Alessandra Rodrigues Santos Andrade ◽  
Rafael Oliveira Abreu ◽  
Jamile Santos Nascimento ◽  
Geovane Paixão Corrêa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
The State ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Freshwater Wetland ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
Anuran Species

Abstract The Conde municipality is located in the northern coast of the state of Bahia (NC), northeastern Brazil, and is part of the Atlantic Tropical domain. The anuran fauna of the northern portion of the NC is still poorly known if compared to the southern portion. The Restinga is one of the predominant environments of the coastal plains of the NC and it is characterized essentially by presenting sandy soil covered by herbaceous and shrubby vegetation. The objective of this study was to determine the anuran species composition and diversity for the Restinga of the Conde municipality. Sampling was carried out at night by active search over four periods of five consecutive days each, two over the 'main rainy season' and two in a 'lesser rainy season', using 14 sample units (SUs) and five extra sample plots (EPs). We calculated dominance and species diversity using the Berger-Parker and Shannon-Wiener H' indices, respectively. We used accumulation curves and the Jackknife 1 estimator to estimate anuran species richness, considering only the data obtained from the SUs. We recorded 713 anuran specimens distributed within 33 species, 13 genera and five families (Bufonidae, Craugastoridae, Hylidae, Leptodactylidae and Microhylidae). The Hylidae and Leptodactylidae families had the highest species richness. Considering only the SUs (Jackknife 1 estimator in brackets), we recorded 28 species in the study area (33.9 ± 2.3), 13 in Shrubby Vegetation Zones - SVZ (20.8 ± 2.9) and 25 in Freshwater Wetland Zones - FWZ (28.9 ± 1.9). The abundance and species diversity of the FWZ (n = 638 specimens; H'= 2.4) were higher than those recorded for the SVZ (n = 52 specimens; H' = 1.9). The SVZ and FWZ showed distinct dominant species, wherein Pristimantis paulodutrai was the dominant species in SVZ and Scinax fuscomarginatus in FWZ. The Restinga of the Conde municipality stands out as the one with the highest anuran species richness already recorded considering only SVZ and FWZ. Moreover, its anuran species composition represented 55% of the anuran species known for the NC and included taxa common to three different morphoclimatic domains (Tropical Atlantic, Cerrado and Caatinga).

scholarly journals Seasonal drought prediction for semiarid northeastern Brazil: verification of six hydro-meteorological forecast products

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 5041-5056 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Miguel Delgado ◽  
Sebastian Voss ◽  
Gerd Bürger ◽  
Klaus Vormoor ◽  
Aline Murawski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Meteorological Drought ◽  
Skill Score ◽  
Hydrological Drought ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Drought Indices ◽  
Monthly Precipitation ◽  
Seasonal Forecasts ◽  
Seasonal Drought ◽  
Drought Prediction

Abstract. A set of seasonal drought forecast models was assessed and verified for the Jaguaribe River in semiarid northeastern Brazil. Meteorological seasonal forecasts were provided by the operational forecasting system used at FUNCEME (Ceará's research foundation for meteorology) and by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). Three downscaling approaches (empirical quantile mapping, extended downscaling and weather pattern classification) were tested and combined with the models in hindcast mode for the period 1981 to 2014. The forecast issue time was January and the forecast period was January to June. Hydrological drought indices were obtained by fitting a multivariate linear regression to observations. In short, it was possible to obtain forecasts for (a) monthly precipitation, (b) meteorological drought indices, and (c) hydrological drought indices. The skill of the forecasting systems was evaluated with regard to root mean square error (RMSE), the Brier skill score (BSS) and the relative operating characteristic skill score (ROCSS). The tested forecasting products showed similar performance in the analyzed metrics. Forecasts of monthly precipitation had little or no skill considering RMSE and mostly no skill with BSS. A similar picture was seen when forecasting meteorological drought indices: low skill regarding RMSE and BSS and significant skill when discriminating hit rate and false alarm rate given by the ROCSS (forecasting drought events of, e.g., SPEI1 showed a ROCSS of around 0.5). Regarding the temporal variation of the forecast skill of the meteorological indices, it was greatest for April, when compared to the remaining months of the rainy season, while the skill of reservoir volume forecasts decreased with lead time. This work showed that a multi-model ensemble can forecast drought events of timescales relevant to water managers in northeastern Brazil with skill. But no or little skill could be found in the forecasts of monthly precipitation or drought indices of lower scales, like SPI1. Both this work and those here revisited showed that major steps forward are needed in forecasting the rainy season in northeastern Brazil.

scholarly journals Comparative larval morphology of eight species of Hypsiboas Wagler (Amphibia, Anura, Hylidae) from Argentina and Uruguay, with a review of the larvae of this genus

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1927 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRANCISCO KOLENC ◽  
CLAUDIO BORTEIRO ◽  
LEANDRO ALCALDE ◽  
DIEGO BALDO ◽  
DARIO CARDOZO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Body Wall ◽  
The Body ◽  
Character State ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Oral Disc ◽  
Taxonomic Distribution ◽  
Variable Feature ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Available Information

We studied the external and oral cavity morphology of the tadpoles of eight species of Hypsiboas in the H. albopunctatus, H. faber, H. punctatus and H. pulchellus species groups. After a review of the available information about larval external and oral cavity morphology, no character state seems to be synapomorphic for Hypsiboas. The presence of a fleshy projection in the inner margin of the nostrils and rounded vacuities of the anteromedial surface of the choanae (pending the confirmation of the latter in Hyloscirtus and Myersiohyla) seems to be synapomorphic for the tribe Cophomantini, as previously noticed by other authors. Some putative synapomorphies are suggested for some species groups of Hypsiboas, but a denser sampling is needed to study the taxonomic distribution of these character states, in order to determine which clades they may support. The presence of lateral flaps with labial teeth in the oral disc is a variable feature of many species in the H. faber and H. pulchellus groups. A spiracular tube free from the body wall is present in some species, mostly in the H. albopunctatus group, but also in the H. rufitelus, H. faber and H. pulchellus groups. Unique ventrolateral cumules of neuromasts are present in H. faber, and also in some species of other groups of Hypsiboas and of the sister genus Aplastodiscus. Our results highlight the importance of studying the taxonomic distribution of many character states that were sometimes overlooked in tadpole descriptions but seem relevant to test phylogenetic hypothesis.

scholarly journals Limnological characteristics of a reservoir in semiarid Northeastern Brazil subject to intensive tilapia farming (Orechromis niloticus Linnaeus, 1758)

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Artur Valões Bezerra ◽  
Walt Disney Paulino ◽  
Danielle Sequeira Garcez ◽  
Helena Becker ◽  
Jorge Iván Sánchez-Botero
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
T Test ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Temperature Conductivity ◽  
Sampling Locations ◽  
Chemical Variability ◽  
Physical And Chemical

AIM: There is currently no consensus regarding the physical and chemical variability of tropical reservoirs. In semiarid Northeastern Brazil, reservoirs are among other things used for human consumption, industrial water supply and intensive fish farming, all of which can impact water quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physical and chemical variability of the water in Sítios Novos, a reservoir in semiarid Northeastern Brazil, comparing samples collected in areas of intensive tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) farming to samples from areas not directly impacted by aquaculture, in both the dry and the rainy season. METHODS: Between October 2010 and July 2011, data were collected on temperature, conductivity, pH, turbidity, salinity, chlorophyll a, dissolved oxygen, oxygen demand, total phosphorus and total nitrogen levels in the water column using a multiparametric probe at four different sampling locations. Physical and chemical differences between the four locations were evaluated with the Kruskal-Wallis (KW) test and Dunn's post test, while the t test, followed by Welchʼs correction, was used to compare samples collected in different seasons. RESULTS: No influence of intensive aquaculture was detected when comparing sampling locations near fish farms (180C and 300C) to locations not directly impacted by aquaculture (LIMN1, near the dam, and LIMN2, near the debouch of the São Gonçalo river). However, the sampling locations differed significantly (p<0.05) with regard to conductivity, pH, turbidity and chlorophyll a levels. CONCLUSIONS: The physical and chemical variability was greater between seasons than between locations when the data were analyzed with the t test. That analysis showed significant differences for 22 of 40 comparisons between the 10 physical and chemical parameters in the two seasons at the four sampling locations. In conclusion, the physical and chemical variability registered for the Sítios Novos reservoir throughout the study period indicates morphometric, meteorological and hydrological heterogeneity, with emphasis on the differences between LIMN2 and the other three sampling locations and between the rainy season and the dry season. According to the calculated trophic status index, the reservoir is supereutrophic in the rainy season and supereutrophic to hypereutrophic in the dry season.

scholarly journals The tadpole of Hypsiboas leptolineatus (Braun and Braun, 1977), a species in the Hypsiboas polytaenius clade (Anura; Hylidae)

2007 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Both ◽  
A. Kwet ◽  
M. Solé
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Lateral Wall ◽  
Lateral View ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Oral Disc

The larval morphology of Hypsiboas leptolineatus was studied. The tadpole has an ovoid body in lateral view, wider than deep; snout rounded with dorsal reniform nostrils; spiracle sinistral with lateral wall attached to body; anal tube dextral; tail fins convex with acuminate tip; oral disc ventral; labial tooth row formula is 2(2)/3(1); moderately developed beaks with serrated jaw sheaths. These external oral features are compared with those of the known tadpoles in the Hypsiboas polytaenius clade. The oral cavity was studied using an electron microscope. Life history aspects are commented.

scholarly journals Spatial and temporal distribution in two anuran communities in the Chapada do Araripe, Northeastern Brasil

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiana Ferreira-Silva ◽  
Deivid Batista de Oliveira ◽  
Herivelto Faustino de Oliveira ◽  
Robson Waldemar Ávila
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Microhabitat Use ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Distribution ◽  
Humid Forest ◽  
Temporal Occurrence ◽  
Chapada Do Araripe

In this study, we report the temporal occurrence and habitat and microhabitat use by anurans in two areas located in one highland marsh (brejo-de-altitude) in northeastern Brazil. Fieldwork was carried out between September 2011 and September 2012. The recorded anurans belong to 14 species distributed in five families: Hylidae (six), Leptodactylidae (five), Bufonidae, Odontophrynidae and Pipidae (one each). Vocalization activity was seasonal and concentrated in the wetter and warmer months, but correlated to rainfall only in the top in the Chapada do Araripe. Richness and abundance of calling anurans were lower in the humid forest of the slope than in Cerradão area in the top of the Chapada do Araripe. Scinax x-signatus vocalized during nine months, and along with Dendropsophus soaresi, Phyllomedusa nordestina and Physalaemus cuvieri presented the longest periods of vocalization with the highest number of species vocalizing in at the height of the rainy season. Males were recorded vocalizing in nine different microhabitats, Adenomera sp. uses leaf litter and P. cuvieri the edge of water bodies as calling site both two sampled areas. Differences in richness and abundance of anurans between the two habitats are probably due to physical characteristics, such as presence of lentic environments.

scholarly journals Reproduction of a whiptail lizard (Ameivula ocellifera, Teiidae) from a coastal area in northeastern Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 1263-1272 ◽  
Author(s):  
DJAN ZANCHI-SILVA ◽  
DIVA M. BORGES-NOJOSA ◽  
CONRADO A.B. GALDINO
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Clutch Size ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Female Body ◽  
The State ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Egg Volume ◽  
Female Reproduction ◽  
Female Body Size

The reproductive ecology of Ameivula ocellifera was studied from September 2009 to August 2010 in a coastal area of the state of Ceará, Brazil. Females reproduced continuously throughout the year, with a peak at the end of the rainy season. Even though there was a predominance of pre-reproductive individuals in the sample, gonadal activity of males peaked synchronously to female reproduction. Mean clutch size was 1.98 ± 0.56 and positively associated with female body size, while mean egg volume was 510.54 ± 84.29 mm3 and unrelated to female body size. We did not find any association between clutch size and average egg volume.

scholarly journals First record of Voyria caerulea Aubl. (Gentianaceae), a mycoheterotrophic plant, in Maranhão state, northeastern Brazil

Check List ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 833-837
Author(s):  
Alessandro Wagner Coelho Ferreira ◽  
Maria Fernanda Calió ◽  
Wagner Ribeiro da Silva Junior ◽  
Maycon Jordan Costa da Silva ◽  
Miguel Sena de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
First Record ◽  
The State ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Gallery Forest ◽  
Taxonomic Description

We report the first record of Voyria caerulea from the state of Maranhão, northeastern Brazil. A fertile specimen was collected in a gallery forest during the rainy season, within the boundaries of the municipality of São Raimundo das Mangabeiras. This find contributes to the knowledge on the micoheterotrophic flora of Maranhão and expands the geographic distribution of this species in Brazil. We also present a taxonomic description, illustrations, an occurrence map of the newly found population, and an identification key for all the species of Voyria that occur in Maranhão.

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