Assessed Danger-to-Others as a Reason for Psychiatric Hospitalization: An Investigation of Patients' Perspectives

2005 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Welches ◽  
Michael Pica
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Hospitalization ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Violent Behavior ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Humanistic Psychology ◽  
Existential Psychotherapy ◽  
Subjective Experiences ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
Threats To Self ◽  
Psychiatrically Hospitalized

AbstractThis study investigated subjective experiences of nine men who had been psychiatrically hospitalized upon being assessed as "dangerous-to-others-due-to-a-mental-illness." Using a phenomenological interviewing approach, researchers helped subjects construct narratives of their pre-hospitalization experiences. The research illuminated aspects of life-contexts that were shared among all or nearly all subjects: feeling ostracized and alone; struggling with longstanding and pervasive feelings of inadequacy; experiencing a sense or a fear of having little or no control or options in life; and feeling emotionally depressed, misunderstood, and uncared for. Situations immediately preceding hospitalization were characterized by subjects experiencing threats to their sense of self-esteem that were of heightened intensity. In five cases, subjects reported anxiety related to self-fragmentation or becoming "nothing." Perceived threats to self-worth and self-structure were accompanied by anger and aggressive acts or impulses. In all cases, aggressive impulses and threats, and violence appeared to be in the service of self-validation and self-empowerment. In cases of violent behavior, an apparent function of the subjects' behaviors was toward self-consolidation. Based on findings, the researchers discuss implications consistent with humanistic psychology and existential psychotherapy principles and practices.

scholarly journals Food consumption, eating behaviour and self-esteem among singlev. married and cohabiting mothers and their 12-year-old children

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 934-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Elfhag ◽  
Finn Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Single Mothers ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Single Mother ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Soft Drinks ◽  
Family Status ◽  
Self Worth

AbstractObjectiveBeing a single mother may have implications for health behaviours that can also affect the child. More information about the food intakes and body weights in singlev. married/cohabiting mothers and in their children is needed. Psychological dimensions of eating behaviour and self-esteem are also of relevance to explore for single mothers and their children.DesignFood style patterns were assessed by self-reported consumption of fruits, vegetables, sweets and soft drinks. Eating behaviour was measured by the Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire and self-esteem by the Harter self-perception scale. The participants were 1781 mothers and their 12-year-old children, of whom 278 mothers (16 %) were single.ResultsSingle mothers had lower intake of fruits and vegetables and lower self-worth compared to the married and cohabiting mothers, controlling for age, education and BMI. Although single mothers did not have a higher BMI, their daughters were heavier than girls from complete families. Daughters to single mothers furthermore had a higher intake of soft drinks, higher levels of restrained eating and lower self-worth. No such difference was found for the boys.ConclusionsA lower sense of self-worth and lower intake of fruit and vegetables in single mothers could be seen in the context of the social disadvantages and less social support. Girls may be more inclined to be affected by family status than the boys, seen in a more unfortunate psychological pattern and a higher body weight. Boy’s health behaviours may be more unaffected by living in single families.

scholarly journals Impact of the Anti-Intellectual Attitudes to the Level of Self-Esteem of Senior High School Students from Fiat Lux Academe-Cavite, Philippines

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristine Kyle Cuizon ◽  
Mary-Ann A. Atienza ◽  
John Ismael J. Medina
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Senior High School ◽  
School Students ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
High Level ◽  
Senior High School Students

Anti-intellectualism, the manifestation of disrespect and lack of interest of individuals for intellectual pursuits and critical thinking, has become a constant thread not only in the corporate world but also among students. Its long-term effect will be very excruciating, especially in the Philippine economy. This quantitative correlational research investigated the extent of relationship between the anti-intellectual attitudes and level of self-esteem or the individual’s overall sense of self-worth or personal value of one hundred and ninety-four (194) senior high school students from Fiat Lux Academe-Cavite, Philippines. The researchers made use of the Student’s Anti-Intellectualism Scale and State Self-Esteem Scale to measure the two variables. Analyzed data revealed an average level of attitude of anti-intellectualism and a moderate level of self-esteem among the participants. Furthermore, there is a significant, inverse, and moderate correlation between the two variables (Pearson= -0.50; Spearman Correlation = -0.44). Thus, students with high level of self-esteem have low anti-intellectual attitudes. Conversely, students exhibiting low level of anti-intellectual attitudes tend to have higher self-esteem. The researchers also utilized other statistical techniques such as the t Statistic and linear regression.

Impact of self Esteem in the Context of Higher Education Rawalpindi and Islamabad University Students

2020 ◽  
Vol V (II) ◽  
pp. 439-446
Author(s):  
Wajiha Kanwal ◽  
Tahir Aziz ◽  
Muhammad Usman Saqib
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Stratified Random Sampling ◽  
Older Students ◽  
Personal Value ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
And Behavior

Self-esteem describes a person's overall sense of self-worth or personal value. It is often seen as a personality trait, which means that it tends to be stable and enduring. Self-Esteem can involve a variety of beliefs about self, such as the appraisal of one's own appearance, beliefs, emotions and behavior. The target population of this study was the students of universities at Rawalpindi and Islamabad. Data was collected through a stratified random sampling technique. Two universities were selected, and an equal number of students from each university was targeted to constitute a sample of 510 respondents. Data were analyzed with various statistics, which provided an insight that students differ in terms of self-esteem. It was concluded that Younger students (1st and 2nd semester) experience higher self-esteem than the older students; younger students also have higher scores on selfacceptance and self-competence, and academic competence, while older students (3rd & 4th semester) have a higher score on physical and social competence.

Self-Esteem, Social Esteem, and Pride

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-205
Author(s):  
Alessandro Salice
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
Group Members ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Social Esteem

This article explores self-esteem as an episodic self-conscious emotion. Episodic self-esteem is first distinguished from trait self-esteem, which is described as an enduring state related to the subject’s sense of self-worth. Episodic self-esteem is further compared with pride by claiming that the two attitudes differ in crucial respects. Importantly, episodic self-esteem—but not pride—is a function of social esteem: in episodic self-esteem, the subject evaluates herself in the same way in which others evaluate her. Furthermore, social esteem elicits episodic self-esteem if the values at the basis of the others’ evaluation are shared by the subject. Such sharing of values suggests that only the evaluations of those others that the subject frames as her in-group members are relevant to episodic self-esteem.

Equity/Inequity, and Self-Esteem: A Reassessment

1988 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 637-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert B. Schafer
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Causal Model ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Worth

Psychological distress in an inequitable relationship may be due in part to a lowered sense of self-worth as well as to the inequity itself. A causal model was tested, using 986 undergraduate students, in which self-esteem was found to mediate the effect of inequity on distress. The implication of this finding is a redefinition of equity-restoring behavior as self-enhancing behavior.

Discourses by Didis of Community Kitchens: A Case on Women Empowerment

2021 ◽  
pp. 227797792110156
Author(s):  
Madhuri Mahato ◽  
Julie Vardhan
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Power And Control ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Self Help Groups ◽  
Community Kitchens ◽  
And Control

Women empowerment and its importance have often been at the centre of debate especially in India. This concept is slowly moving beyond the theory and notions of discussions and manifesting even at the level of village clusters with adequate interventions from the policymakers. Despite the socio-cultural restrictions, the conspicuous role played by women at the household and community levels remains undeniable. This case study, through the concept of community kitchens, ideally captures the scenario in which Didis have become empowered and are able to add value to their family and community. Through a qualitative analysis it was found that the major themes associated with empowerment are community, decisions, family and values thus showcasing the economic and social implications. Research Questions/Objectives Can the concept of women empowerment be de-urbanized? Do women through formalized initiatives feel empowered and experience heightened self-esteem? Can the setting up of micro-entrepreneurial ventures at the village level provide an impetus to alter the existing social structures and power inequalities? Links to Theory: Women Empowerment, group approach and power, self-esteem Phenomenon Studied and Case Context: The Didis of the community kitchen were members registered as self-help groups with the Jharkhand State Livelihood Promotion Society. These community kitchens or Ajeevika Didi kitchens were essentially started and implemented during the COVID pandemic period in a five-phase manner for a period of 3 months from April to June 2020. There were around 450 women who got associated in running these community kitchens. The discourses by these Didis on their association with the micro-entrepreneurial venture and their feelings of empowerment are portrayed in the case. Findings: Semi-structured interviews for the sample respondents were conducted and then auto-coded themes, namely, community, decisions, family and values were obtained using the NVivo software. The sentiment analysis of the transcribed interview conversations revealed more of positive sentiments that were centred around the belief that such micro-entrepreneurial opportunities can largely improve their lives and ease out the inequalities that are experienced by them on the power and control fronts. On an overall basis it was observed that when the financial and psychological aspirations were met, fulfilment and satisfaction were the primary outcomes for the study participants. Discussions: The present case is aimed for discussion in the entrepreneurship classes of management, especially related to social entrepreneurship, women empowerment and contribution of women to the economy and society. The case highlights that woman’s contribution towards the society and family could be impacted through a woman’s own sense of self-worth and self-esteem. This case highlights further that micro-enterprises that are community level are both a social and economic phenomenon, manifesting benefits for the individual as well as the society.

scholarly journals Impact of Shyness on Self-Esteem: The Mediating Effect of Self-Presentation

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 230
Author(s):  
Adrianna Bober ◽  
Ewa Gajewska ◽  
Anna Czaprowska ◽  
Agata Hiacynta Świątek ◽  
Małgorzata Szcześniak
Keyword(s):  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
Lower Effect ◽  
Positive Correlation Coefficient ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Favorable Light

Background: Although the relationship between shyness and self-esteem is well described in the psychological literature, far less is known about the potential mechanisms that underlie this association. The main goal of the current work is to verify whether self-presentation acts as a mediating variable between both constructs. Methods: The study was carried out among 198 adults. The Revised Cheek and Buss Shyness Scale, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and the Self-Presentation Style Questionnaire were applied. Results: A large and positive correlation coefficient was observed between the following variables: (1) self-esteem/self-promotion; (2) shyness/self-deprecation. All other variables correlated negatively: (1) shyness/self-esteem; (2) shyness/self-promotion; (3) self-esteem/self-deprecation; (4) self-promotion/self-deprecation. Moreover, both self-promotion and self-deprecation acted as mediators between life satisfaction and self-esteem. Conclusion: The outcomes of the present study show a new mediating aspect for the direct relationship between shyness and self-esteem in the form of two styles of self-presentation. The results indicate that the tendency of shy people to avoid others can have a lower effect on their overall sense of self-esteem when they try to present themselves in a clearly favorable light. By contrast, shyness may have a stronger impact on their sense of self-worth when they present themselves as helpless, unsure, and incompetent.

Stereotyping and Political Decision Making

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bettina Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Leadership Position ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
Political Decisions ◽  
Political Decision Making

Stereotypes are overgeneralized, often inaccurate, characterizations of a group and its members. Because stereotypes rely on heuristics, they can occur unconsciously and shape behavior in multiple ways. People may stereotype in order to quickly characterize a person or a group of people, or they may be motivated to deliberately stereotype in order to maintain their own self-esteem and sense of self-worth. Stereotypes can undermine many facets of our behavior and beliefs, including how we make political decisions. For example, people who stereotype women as being nurturing and in need of protection may be less inclined to vote for a women running for a leadership position. Because stereotypes are so pervasive and learned early, they can be particularly difficult to reduce or eliminate, and people will often look for evidence to support their attitudes rather than actively challenging the stereotype. However, stereotype reduction is possible and can be done both consciously and unconsciously.

Self-cognitions and expressed negative emotions during midadolescence: Contributions to young adult psychological adustment

1995 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Heidi Gralinski ◽  
Andrew W. Safyer ◽  
Stuart T. Hauser ◽  
Joseph P. Allen
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Psychological Functioning ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Ideal Self ◽  
School Students ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
Psychiatrically Hospitalized

AbstractThis study explored developmentally salient cognitive and emotional facets of personality during adolescence and their contribution to psychological functioning in young adulthood. Specifically, we examined the of relations among two kinds of actual-ideal self-discrepancies, expressed negative emotions, and self-dissatisfaction during midadolescence and assessed their longitudinal contribution to young adult symptoms of hostility and depression, as well as self-worth. We drew upon a dataset that included both a group of youngsters who had been psychiatrically hospitalized at age 14 and a normative comparison group of high school students studied over an 11-year period. Findings demonstrated that the magnitude of particular actual-ideal discrepancies, expressed negative emotions, and self-dissatisfaction differed between the groups. Contrary to expectation, actual-ideal self-discrepancies were not related to expressed negative emotions during midadolescence. For the psychiatric group, however, both self-discrepancies and expressed negative emotions made unique contributions to individuals' general sense of self-dissatisfaction. Moreover, particular types of actual-ideal self-discrepancies, specific expressed emotions, and self-dissatisfaction differentially predicted symptoms of hostility and depression, as well as diminished self-worth in young adulthood, albeit differently for the two groups. The importance of cognitions and emotions in the course diverse developmental pathways and future directions of the study are discussed.

scholarly journals A Study on the Self Esteem and Academic Performance among the Students

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Laveena D’Mello ◽  
Meena Monteiro ◽  
Nelson Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Beliefs And Attitudes

The purpose of self-esteem is to feel and imagine that people nurtured in their mind over time about their self. In simple words, self-esteem is self-assessment; this perception and evaluation can be positive or negative and pleasant or unpleasant. Children with high self esteem, usually feel good about themselves and better able to resolve their conflicts with other children and are resistant to deal with problems. One of the most important human traits to achieve objectives is self-esteem. The term self-esteem means “reverence for self”. The “self” pertains to the values, beliefs, and attitudes that we hold about ourselves. Having a strong will and self-confidence, decision-making power and originality, creativity, sanity and mental health is directly related to self-esteem and sense of self-worth. It also refers to an individual’s sense of his or her value or worth, or the extent to which a person values, approves of, appreciates, prizes, or likes him or herself. During childhood, if individual’s feelings are respected, thoughts valued and abilities recognized then self-esteem strengthens. When feelings are trampled upon, thoughts belittled and ability criticized then the individual’s self-esteem remains at a low point of development and is therefore weak. During the course of time, an individual faces many life situations. Depending upon the success or failure and one's reaction to every significant situation in life, self–esteem grows stronger or gets considerably weakened Self-esteem is described as the evaluation that one makes about oneself, based on one's self-worth. Increases and decreases in self-esteem generally bring strong emotional reactions. Self-esteem and academic performance are interrelated factors. This study tries to bring the connectivity between academic performance and the self-esteem. The main aim of the study is to know the level of self-esteem of the students with low academic performance. The objectives of this study are to investigate the relationship between self-esteem and academic achievement, to understand the Socio-Economic background, to assess the level of self-esteem, and to know what could be the reason for low academic performance in spite of having high self-esteem. The research design used for the study would be descriptive in nature

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