Changing Roles of International Organizations: Global Administrative Law and the Interplay of Legitimacies

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 655-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence Boisson de Chazournes
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
International System ◽  
Administrative Law ◽  
Intergovernmental Organizations ◽  
The World ◽  
Changing Roles ◽  
State Actors ◽  
Looking Back ◽  
Intergovernmental Organisations

AbstractLooking back over the last sixty years, there is no doubt that the role and the capacity of international organizations to conduct operations have greatly evolved. Their mandates have expanded and the objectives to be reached have been diversified. Field operations have increased in a dramatic way. It has become increasingly necessary for international organizations to resort to innovative legal mechanisms to be able to fulfil the new tasks they have been assigned. In the meantime, the appearance on the world stage of a large number of non-State actors carrying out tasks which were traditionally incumbent upon State authorities and intergovernmental organisations, has led to the establishment of specific mechanisms allowing them to collaborate closely with the latter. In face of the challenges raised by these complex interlocking legal relationships, numerous administrative law type principles have emerged as instruments for adapting the classic international system of States and intergovernmental organizations to contemporary requirements.

Mandate Issues in the Activities of the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 447-477
Author(s):  
Rutsel Silvestre Martha
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Administrative Law ◽  
International Organization ◽  
Intergovernmental Organizations ◽  
Legal Counsel ◽  
Practical Effect ◽  
International Fund

AbstractQuestions of mandate are central in the actual operations of intergovernmental organizations within secretariats, in opinions of legal counsel, and in governing councils and general assemblies. Mandate issues can impose real constraints, or generate demands for action, or be brushed aside in some political circumstances. Overall they are a significant and perplexing part of the administrative law of international organizations. This paper explores the highly varied practical effect of mandate issues on operations of an international organization, through analysis of diverse approaches to mandate constraints and aspirations in ventures of the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD).

scholarly journals Assumptions of the Global Economic Crisis and Its Inception in the Spring of 2020 Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-212
Author(s):  
Alexey Portanskiy ◽  
◽  
Yulia Sudakova ◽  
Alexander Larionov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
International System ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Economic Crisis

Analytical agencies, as well as international organizations, have identified significant threats to the development of the world economy, increasing the likelihood of a new global financial crisis in late 2020–early 2021. The main challenges to the system come from trade wars that could lead to a crisis in the international system of trade regulation, a decrease in the effectiveness of public policy instruments, and a deterioration in the dynamics of global economic growth. An important factor leading to a slowdown in the global economy in 2020 will also be the coronavirus pandemic, although it is difficult, in the first half of 2020, to assess its final impact. The combination of these negative factors, coupled with the unresolved problems of the 2008 global financial crisis, significantly increases the likelihood of a new global economic crisis which could surpass the Great Depression of the 1930s. This study systematizes the main forecasts by international organizations and analytical agencies for the growth of the world economy and considers various theoretical concepts to identify the symptoms of the impending crisis. Ultimately, this article offers options for reducing the negative impact of the crisis on Russia. In connection with the coronavirus pandemic, preliminary estimates have been made of the likely damage to the world economy and the prospects for its recovery.

Enhanced Multi-Level Protection of Human Dignity in a Globalized Context through Humanitarian Global Legal Goods

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 829-873
Author(s):  
Nicolás Carrillo-Santarelli
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Legal Systems ◽  
The World ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
State Actors

All around the world people suffer from acts of violence committed by armed non-state actors or transnational organized criminals, from abuses attributable to corporations, or from unlawful acts of international organizations, among others. Sometimes, the power of these and other actors matches and even surpasses that of states, and the formal separation between legal systems creates gaps that can lead to the impunity of abuses attributable to such actors, resulting in a failure to address their unlawfulness.

The WTO as Linkage Machine

2002 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
José E. Alvarez
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
World Trade Organization ◽  
International Law ◽  
World Trade ◽  
International Regimes ◽  
Intergovernmental Organizations ◽  
Interstate Cooperation ◽  
The World ◽  
State Actors

The contributors to this symposium, both principal authors and commentators, ably demonstrate that there are indeed “overarching constructs” linking the subdisciplines of international law. All of the writers here assume that linkage issues arise for the World Trade Organization, as they have with respect to a number of other intergovernmental organizations, precisely because centralized, quasi-autonomous institutions maybe relatively effective vehicles for the promotion of interstate cooperation between rational, egoistic state actors. All of them assume, as scholars of international relations and economists have long recognized, that many international regimes are linkage machines by their very nature. It is important to recall why this is so in order to consider when or how an organization’s attempts at linkage may fail.

Tracking organizations in the world: The Correlates of War IGO Version 3.0 datasets

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 492-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon CW Pevehouse ◽  
Timothy Nordstrom ◽  
Roseanne W McManus ◽  
Anne Spencer Jamison
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
International Institutions ◽  
International System ◽  
Intergovernmental Organizations ◽  
Dyadic Data ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Data Collection Process ◽  
Present Information ◽  
State Participation ◽  
The World

This article summarizes the Correlates of War Intergovernmental Organizations (IGO) Version 3.0 datasets. The new datasets include information about the population of IGOs in the international system and state participation in those formal international institutions from 1816 to 2014. Consistent with Versions 2.0 and 2.3, Version 3.0 of the IGO data comes in three forms: country-year, IGO-year, and joint dyadic membership. This article briefly describes the data collection process and identifies important changes to the dataset before moving to analyze fundamental patterns in the data. Most notable among the changes from earlier versions of the data is the inclusion of annual membership data for the 1815–1964 time period. In addition, we present information about the overall trends in the institutionalization of cooperation at both the global and regional levels, with the latter focusing on the interesting membership dynamics in Asia and Africa. We then track and discuss patterns in state memberships and examine how these changes manifest in the dyadic data. The article concludes with a discussion of how the COW IGO 3.0 data compare to other prominent datasets on state participation in international institutions and highlights some new areas of research that will benefit from the release of the updated IGO membership dataset.

The World Trade Organization’s Records and Archives Management Policy: an overarching framework for ensuring information continuity

Comma ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2019 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-108
Author(s):  
Jesús Galán ◽  
Maria Bressi
Keyword(s):  
World Trade Organization ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Intergovernmental Organizations ◽  
Institutional Structures ◽  
The World ◽  
And Control

This article describes the process of creation and discussion of the World Trade Organization (WTO) Records and Archives Management Policy, the first such policy ever issued by the Secretariat, after 25 years of existence. It outlines, firstly, the methodology followed to assemble and articulate the Policy, and its alignment with the standards and best practice followed by other international organizations; secondly, how the Policy was presented to different stakeholders and approved; and thirdly, the structure and contents of the Policy which aims to be a comprehensive, cross-organizational records and archives management strategy to ensure accountability and transparency at all levels of the WTO. The lack of a regulatory framework and the specificity of Intergovernmental Organizations’ (IGO) institutional structures can represent a challenge for archivists and records managers with regard to the creation and control of informational assets in a systematic and verifiable manner; the article suggests a methodology for the drafting and implementation of records and archives management principles in the context of such international organizations.

Engaging with Armed Groups: A Human Rights Field Perspective from Nepal

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 601-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick Rawski
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Administrative Law ◽  
Soft Law ◽  
Human Rights Law ◽  
Armed Groups ◽  
International Human Rights ◽  
International Human ◽  
State Actors ◽  
Field Perspective

AbstractTheoretical uncertainty surrounding whether and to what extent non-state actors are obligated to abide by international human rights and humanitarian norms has impacted the policies and practices of human rights field presences, including those of the United Nations. The paper presents the case of Nepal, where international organizations have been forced by circumstance to engage with a range of non-state armed groups, to illustrate how current limitations of human rights law regarding non-state actors impact the work of human rights field monitors. Drawing upon the global administrative law paradigm, it argues for the development of a 'soft law' framework governing human rights aspects of international organizations' engagement with armed groups.

DEFINING THE INTERNATIONAL RULE OF LAW: DEFYING GRAVITY?

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert McCorquodale
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
International System ◽  
Legal Systems ◽  
The Core ◽  
National Rule ◽  
State Actors ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
International Rule

AbstractThis article aims to offer a definition of the international rule of law. It does this through clarifying the core objectives of a rule of law and examining whether the international system could include them. It demonstrates that there can be a definition of the international rule of law that can be applied to the international system. This definition of the international rule of law is not dependent on a simplistic application of a national rule of law, as it takes into account the significant differences between national and international legal systems. It seeks to show that the international rule of law is relative, rather than absolute, in its application, is not tied to the operation of the substance of international law itself, and it can apply to states, international organizations and non-state actors. It goes further to show that the international rule of law does exist and can be applied internationally, even if it is not yet fully actualized.

Aftershocks

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seva Gunitsky
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Regime Change ◽  
International System ◽  
Political Legitimacy ◽  
Great Powers ◽  
Past Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sudden Rise ◽  
The World ◽  
National Borders

Over the past century, democracy spread around the world in turbulent bursts of change, sweeping across national borders in dramatic cascades of revolution and reform. This book offers a new global-oriented explanation for this wavelike spread and retreat—not only of democracy but also of its twentieth-century rivals, fascism, and communism. The book argues that waves of regime change are driven by the aftermath of cataclysmic disruptions to the international system. These hegemonic shocks, marked by the sudden rise and fall of great powers, have been essential and often-neglected drivers of domestic transformations. Though rare and fleeting, they not only repeatedly alter the global hierarchy of powerful states but also create unique and powerful opportunities for sweeping national reforms—by triggering military impositions, swiftly changing the incentives of domestic actors, or transforming the basis of political legitimacy itself. As a result, the evolution of modern regimes cannot be fully understood without examining the consequences of clashes between great powers, which repeatedly—and often unsuccessfully—sought to cajole, inspire, and intimidate other states into joining their camps.

The Unified World Order

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-100
Author(s):  
Bakare Adewale Muteeu
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
International System ◽  
World Order ◽  
Social Injustice ◽  
World Peace ◽  
Technological Determinism ◽  
Open World ◽  
The World ◽  
Capitalist World ◽  
The Rich

In pursuit of a capitalist world configuration, the causal phenomenon of globalization spread its cultural values in the built international system, as evidenced by the dichotomy between the rich North and the poor South. This era of cultural globalization is predominantly characterized by social inequality, economic inequality and instability, political instability, social injustice, and environmental change. Consequently, the world is empirically infected by divergent global inequalities among nations and people, as evidenced by the numerous problems plaguing humanity. This article seeks to understand Islam from the viewpoint of technological determinism in attempt to offset these diverging global inequalities for its “sociopolitical economy”1existence, as well as the stabilization of the interconnected world. Based upon the unifying view of microIslamics, the meaning of Islam and its globalizing perspectives are deciphered on a built micro-religious platform. Finally, the world is rebuilt via the Open World Peace (OWP) paradigm, from which the fluidity of open globalization is derived as a future causal phenomenon for seamlessly bridging (or contracting) the gaps between the rich-rich, rich-poor, poor-rich and poor-poor nations and people based on common civilization fronts.

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