Silky lacewings (Neuroptera: Psychopsidae) from the Eocene-Paleocene transition of Denmark with a review of the fossil record and comments on phylogeny and zoogeography

2001 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stig Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Record ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Upper Triassic ◽  
Wing Venation ◽  
Fossil Species ◽  
The North ◽  
Fossil Insect ◽  
Insect Wings ◽  
Extinction Events

AbstractThirty-four fossil insect wings from the Fur Formation of Denmark (Eocene-Paleocene transition) are recognised as neuropteran forewings standing close to extant Psychopsidae (silky lacewings). This affinity is based primarily on their possession of a vena triplica in the forewing. A new genus, Palaeopsychops gen. n. and four new species, P. latifasciatus sp. n. (type species), P. abruptus sp. n., P. angustifasciatus sp. n. and P. maculatus sp. n. are described. Palaeopsychops is identified mainly by the shape of vena triplica and costal space and by the venation of radial space. The new genus appears most closely related to some fossil species of the North American Eocene, while it appears only remotely related to the psychopsid genus Propsychopsis Krüger described from Baltic amber (European Eocene). The different species of Palaeopsychops are separated on relatively minor differences in wing venation and pigmentation. The entire fossil record of psychopsid-like Neuroptera are reviewed and issues of phylogeny and zoogeography are discussed. A total of 5 extant and 21 fossil genera are recognised in the Psychopsidae lineage based on an extended vena triplica definition. The lineage goes back at least to the Upper Triassic. An attempt is made to gather the psychopsid genera into larger natural entities. Extant Psychopsidae are restricted to S. Africa, Australia and SE. Asia. It is suggested that the present relictual distribution is mainly caused by extinction events.

Upper Triassic corals from Nevada, western North America, and the implications for paleoecology and paleogeography

2013 ◽  
Vol 87 (5) ◽  
pp. 934-964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Roniewicz ◽  
George D. Stanley
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Upper Triassic ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Western North America ◽  
North American Cordillera ◽  
Coral Fauna ◽  
Taxonomic Analysis ◽  
The North

Late Carnian–early Norian corals from the Luning and Osobb formations in west-central Nevada represent an important Late Triassic fauna for understanding the paleoecology and the paleogeography of the eastern Panthalassa region during Late Triassic time. The corals occur in bedded limestone representing biostromes and patch reefs and their composition presages the important global changeover of faunas of the intra-Norian interval. A taxonomic analysis of over 60 specimens reveals a majority of colonial corals ranging from cerioid, astreoid (i.e., cerioid-plocoid lacking walls), meandroid and thamnasterioid types. Surprisingly, remnants of the original aragonite microstructure remain in some specimens, allowing a better comparison with more remote Tethyan corals. In total, 14 genera have been identified from Nevada while two genera remain undetermined. The fauna is composed of species considered typical of both the North American Cordillera and cratonal South America. The following genera and species are new and endemic to the Americas:Khytrastrea silberlingiandK. cuifiamorpha,Flexastrea serialis,Nevadoseris punctata,Areaseris nevadaensisand a new genusMinasteria(withAstrocoenia shastensisSmith, 1927 as type species). Likewise are the new species:Margarogyra silberlingiandCurtoseris dunlapcanyonae. GeneraMeandrovolzeia,Margarogyra,Ceriostella,Ampakabastraea,Retiophyllia,Distichomeandra,Curtoseris,ThamnasteriaandAstraeomorphaprovide important links to the former Tethys province. The revised coral fauna changes previous views of the close taxonomic similarity with the Tethys, instead producing a paleogeographic pattern emphasizing a much greater degree of endemism. This pattern emphasizes the isolation of Nevada from the Tethys and the similarities with some outboard terranes of the Cordillera.

Apertochrysa (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae): A heterogeneric phantom? 

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4238 (1) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
ATSUSHI MOCHIZUKI ◽  
CHARLES S. HENRY ◽  
PETER DUELLI
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Wing Venation ◽  
Monophyletic Clade ◽  
Molecular Sequence Data ◽  
Molecular Sequence ◽  
Group Relationships

The small lacewing genus Apertochrysa comprises species from Africa, Asia and Australia. All lack a tignum, but otherwise resemble distantly related genera. We show that Apertochrysa does not form a monophyletic clade, based on analyses of molecular sequence data and morphological traits such as the presence and shape of the male gonapsis, wing venation, and larval setae. Apertochrysa kichijoi forms a clade with Eremochrysa, Suarius and Chrysemosa, whereas A. albolineatoides belongs to a clade that includes Cunctochrysa. Apertochrysa albolineatoides should become a new combination as Cunctochrysa albolineatoides, while A. kichijoi will have to be transferred to a new genus. The Australian A. edwardsi, the African A. eurydera and the type species of the genus Apertochrysa, A. umbrosa, join the large Pseudomallada group. Relationships of A. umbrosa are less certain, because for it we could amplify only one of the three nuclear genes used in the overall analysis. However, in all morphological traits tested, that species strongly resembles A. edwardsi and A. eurydera and thus is very likely just another exceptional Pseudomallada lacking a tignum. The fate of the genus name Apertochrysa depends on additional molecular and morphological analyses of A. umbrosa. 

Reappraisal of the burrowing lobster Axius (Malacostraca: Decapoda: Axiidea) in the fossil record with notes on palaeobiogeography and description of a new species

2017 ◽  
Vol 188 (3) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matúš Hyžný ◽  
Sten Lennart Jakobsen ◽  
René H. B. Fraaije
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Record ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Late Oligocene ◽  
The West ◽  
Fossil Species ◽  
Western Tethys ◽  
Preservation Potential ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Subjective Synonym

The fossil record of the burrowing lobster Axius is reviewed. A diagnosis based on the characters with preservation potential is supplied. Plioaxius lineadactylus Fraaije et al., 2011, from the Pliocene of Belgium and the Netherlands is considered congeneric with the type species of Axius. As a consequence, Plioaxius is considered a junior subjective synonym of Axius. A newly described species, Axius hofstedtae from the late Oligocene of Denmark is considered the oldest unequivocal representative of Axius. Both fossil species, A. hofstedtae n. sp. and A. lineadactylus n. comb., share numerous morphological characters with extant Axius stirhynchus. Scarcity of the Cenozoic Axiidae is ascribed to lack of study of the fossil record of this group rather than to low fossilization potential of its representatives. A preliminary scenario of the migration of Axius based on the scarce fossil record suggests the origin in the Western Tethys and subsequent dispersal westward into the West Atlantic and eastward into the West Pacific.

Bryozoa of the Mission Argillite (Permian), northeastern Washington

2000 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 545-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest H. Gilmour ◽  
Edward M. Snyder
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
North American ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Western Pacific ◽  
North American Plate ◽  
Western Pacific Ocean ◽  
Late Permian ◽  
The North

Fifteen species of Late Permian bryozoans occur in a biohermal bank in the Mission Argillite of northeastern Washington. These include two species conspecific with species described from Japan and 13 new species, one of which is the type species of a new genus. The presence of two species, Dyscritella iwaizakiensis Sakagami, 1961, and Hayasakapora cf. erectoradiata Sakagami, 1960, previously reported from Japan, and the similarity of new species with those previously described from Japan, China and Russia supports the idea that these rocks were originally deposited in the southeastern or central western Pacific Ocean and subsequently accreted to the North American Plate.Bryozoans and previously reported fusulinids indicate that the biohermal bank is latest Wordian (Kazanian).Newly described bryozoans include the new genus and type species Sakagamiina easternensis belonging to the Timanodictyidae. Other new species are Fistuliramus pacificus, Meekoporella inflecta, Neoeridotrypella missionensis, Coeloclemis urhausenii, Tabulipora colvillensis, Rhombotrypella kettlensis, Pamirella oculus, Pinegopora petita, Wjatkella nanea, Alternifenestella vagrantia, Polypora arbusca, and Mackinneyella stylettia.

scholarly journals <i>Gerdocypris,</i> a new genus of Paracyprididae (Ostracoda) from the North Atlantic, Mediterranean and East Africa

1983 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth G. Mckenzie
Keyword(s):  
East Africa ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Mature Male ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic

Abstract. The genus Gerdocypris (type species Gerdocypris muelleri sp. nov.) is described as new based on a mature male from the Bay of Naples. Gerdocypris ranges from the North Atlantic and Mediterranean to East Africa. Its differences from Aglaiocypris and Aglaiella are discussed and tabulated.

Biological interaction between fossil species: character displacement in Bermudian land snails

Paleobiology ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Schindel ◽  
Stephen Jay Gould
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Morphological Change ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Character Displacement ◽  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
Land Snail ◽  
Land Snails ◽  
Biological Interaction ◽  
Fossil Species

Poecilozonites (Gastrelasmus) is an important component of the endemic land snail fauna of Pleistocene Bermuda. The type species P. circumfirmatus Redfield usually occurs in sympatry with its congener P. discrepans Pfeiffer, though each species is found alone at several localities. The species are less alike morphologically where they occur together than where they are allopatric. This allopatric convergence and sympatric divergence strongly suggests the biological interaction known as character displacement, often documented for living populations. The relatively complete fossil record of Bermuda offers advantages for studying this phenomenon. Collections can be made from a variety of microhabitats occupied through time. Statistical analysis of 1,600 individuals collected from more than 100 localities indicates that interspecific variation is primarily a function of the presence or absence of a congener and depends to a lesser degree on microhabitat. P. circumfirmatus undergoes a smaller morphological change between allopatry and sympatry than does P. discrepans. Study of relative abundances suggests that P. discrepans may have been competitively inferior, though no functional bases for differences between the species are known.

A new species of Ukamenia from Vietnam (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae: Gatesclarkeanini)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4743 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-284
Author(s):  
JOHN B. HEPPNER ◽  
YANG-SEOP BAE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
Wing Venation ◽  
The Family ◽  
Head Morphology ◽  
A New Species

The genus Ukamenia Oku (1981) was proposed with Simaethis sapporensis Matsumura (1931) from Japan as its type species, which had been originally described in the family Choreutidae. Oku (1981) based the new genus on characters of S. sapporensis that were typical of Tortricidae rather than Choreutidae, notably the naked haustellum (scaled in Choreutidae), among many other characters differing between the two families, such as wing venation, head morphology, and genital form. Oku (1981) assigned his new genus to the tribe Olethreu­tini, but mentioned that it resembled the genus Gatesclarkeana Diakonoff, 1966. In her extensive study of Australian Olethreutinae, Horak (2006) briefly noted Ukamenia as being referable to Gateclark­eanini. 

Retrovescus, a new genus of opisthogastric earthworm from Tasmania

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 655
Author(s):  
Rob Blakemore
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
North West ◽  
The North

The earthworm genus Retrovescus, gen. nov. isestablished to accommodate four uncommon species with distributions restrictedto the north-west of Tasmania. The type species isRetrovescus plomleyi, sp. nov., two other species arenewly described while the fourth, R. capensis (Jamieson,1974), is redescribed and errors in the original account are corrected. A keyis provided. Characteristic traits, all apomorphies, are perichaetine setae,tubulo-racemose prostates, avesiculate meroic nephridia and opisthogastry (thedevelopment of intestinal gizzards, which in this genus are multiple in theregion of segments 20–26). Relationships and possible precursors toRetrovescus and to a sympatric genus,Nexogaster Blakemore & Kingston, 1997, which differsprincipally by its lumbricine setae and well developed typhlosole, arediscussed.

Delimitation of the segmented trapdoor spider genus Luthela gen. nov., with comments on the genus Sinothela from northern China (Araneae, Mesothelae, Liphistiidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 5091 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-154
Author(s):  
XIN XU ◽  
LI YU ◽  
FENGXIANG LIU ◽  
DAIQIN LI
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The North ◽  
The Status ◽  
Nomina Dubia

A new genus of the primitively segmented trapdoor spiders, which is endemic to the north of China, is described, Luthela gen. nov., and the status of Sinothela Haupt, 2003 and Sinothela sinensis (Bishop & Crosby, 1932) is discussed and both are treated as nomina dubia. The new genus Luthela gen. nov. is erected based on morphology and molecular data of the type species Luthela yiyuan sp. nov. A taxonomic revision of the new genus is given. Three Sinothela species are transferred to the new genus, L. luotianensis comb. nov. and L. schensiensis comb. nov. are redescribed using our newly collected specimens, include L. heyangensis comb. nov. as a junior synonym of L. schensiensis comb. nov., and describe six new species based on both male and female morphological characters: L. badong sp. nov., L. dengfeng sp. nov., L. handan sp. nov., L. taian sp. nov., L. yiyuan sp. nov., and L. yuncheng sp. nov.  

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