Between Institutions and Culture: The UNDP's Arab Human Development Reports, 2002-2005

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Trebilcock
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Path Dependence ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Development Program ◽  
United Nations Development Program ◽  
Reform Strategies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Status ◽  
Political Freedoms ◽  
Arab Societies

AbstractThe four Arab Human Development Reports, 2002-2005, sponsored by the United Nations Development Program and written by over one hundred Arab scholars based in the Middle East and elsewhere, have attracted more attention and controversy than any other official studies of development in recent years. The Reports are controversial in at least two respects: First, they adopt a conception of development as freedom that excludes all economic variables. Second, they emphasize three major themes, building a knowledge society; expansion of political freedoms; and women's empowerment, that challenge in fundamental ways central features of institutional regimes and cultural and religious traditions in Arab societies. This paper is critical of the espousal of a form of egalitarian liberal democracy as a benchmark for formulating reform strategies in Arab societies, particularly given the role and influence of path dependence in explaining the status quo. This form of universalistic utopianism tends to discount the dramatic differences in performance amongst various Arab societies on a wide range of economic, social, and political indicators and fails to exploit the potential value of these differences in identifying and exploiting openings for feasible reform strategies.

scholarly journals Women and the Family in Lebanon: Figures and Facts

1970 ◽  
pp. 9-10
Author(s):  
Hassan Hammoud
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
United Nations Development Program ◽  
Occupational Characteristics ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Status ◽  
Post War ◽  
First Time ◽  
Nations Development

In collaboration with the United Nations Development Program, the Lebanese Ministry of Social Affairs has completed a survey ' that provides for the first time in 65 years a comprehensive profile of the population in post-war Lebanon. One of its several objectives was to identify the demographic, educational, social, and occupational characteristics of Lebanese society. If properly considered, such information could play a major role in the decision-making process over several public policies in the country. The data of the survey are presented in 187 statistical tables . I will analyse selected tables related to the status and characteristics of women and the family.

scholarly journals MODERN SYSTEMS OF MONITORING THE HUMAN CAPITAL ASSESSMENT LEVEL IN THE HIGH-TECH SECTOR

2021 ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Alexey SHINKEVICH ◽  
◽  
Regina YAKUNINA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Development Program ◽  
High Tech ◽  
United Nations Development Program ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Final Formula ◽  
Method Of Assessment

The article examines and describes the main systems of monitoring the human capital level, under which we represent the leading international organizations (United Nations Development Program, World Bank Analytical Group, World Economic Forum Research Group). The article presents a view on the problems of assessing the level of human capital using the index method of assessment. The purpose of this article is to analyze the systems for monitoring the level of human capital and modernize the index method for assessing the level of human capital, calculated annually by UNDP. As part of the human development index, two new components are proposed that more fully assess the state of the income index — the unemployment index and the wage index. The reason for the change in the calculation method is substantiated, and the final formula for calculating the human development index is derived.

scholarly journals Improving Human Development Index (HDI) by Illiteracy Eradication (Case Study in Cibadak Village)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-42
Author(s):  
Indri Arrafi Juliannisa ◽  
Tri Siswantini
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Purchasing Power Parity ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Power Parity ◽  
United Nations Development Program ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Life Expectancy At Birth

To measure the quality of human capital, The United Nations Development Program (UNDP) introduced the concept of human resource capital quality, named the Human Development Index (HDI). HDI is based on three dimensions i.e.: life expectancy at birth, literacy rate, mean years of schooling, and purchasing power parity. In this study raised the issue of the high illiteracy rate in Cibadak, Banten Province and the low expectation for old school. The situation will certainly be a barrier to the development process and economic growth through the human development index. The results showed that factors that could cause low educational status and illiteracy were grouped by researchers in research indicator variables, namely education, family, external environment, and information factors. The local government must pay more attention to this situation, because human resources are the driving wheel of the economy. The people really need care like reading and writing training assistance from the local government.

scholarly journals An Alternative Human Development Index Considering Unemployment

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Taner ◽  
Bülent Sezen ◽  
Hakan Mıhcı
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
United Nations Development Program ◽  
Development Index ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Nations Development

An Alternative Human Development Index Considering UnemploymentThe Human Development Index (HDI) has played an influential role in the debate on human development (HD) for many years. However, no index is perfect and neither is the HDI of the United Nations Development Program (UNDP). This paper aims to construct a new composite index for the development performance of a sample of 30 Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries by adding a fourth indicator, namely the unemployment index, to the calculation of HDI. The addition of the unemployment factor to the HDI as a new indicator has the potential to make the index more comprehensive and present a suitable approach for assessing the development performance of countries.

Animality in Kant’s Theory of Human Nature

2020 ◽  
pp. 105-122
Author(s):  
David Baumeister
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Human Nature ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Universal History ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Theory Of Human Nature

This chapter provides an overview of Kant’s conception of the animality (or Tierheit) of human beings. Though human animality is treated in a wide range of Kant’s writings, it has received relatively little attention from scholars, perhaps because Kant wrote no text principally devoted to the subject. With the aim of establishing its systematic unity, I track the status and role of animality across three distinct but interrelated domains of Kant’s theory of human nature—his account of animality as one of three basically good original human predispositions in Religion Within the Boundaries of Mere Reason, his account of animality as the target of discipline in the pedagogy lectures, and his account of animality as simultaneously a driver of and hindrance to the progress of history in ‘Idea for a Universal History With a Cosmopolitan Aim’. I argue that these accounts, taken together and in light of the teleological vision of human development that connects them, manifest a distinctively Kantian vision of the human as an actively rational, but at the same time ineliminably animal, being. Far from denying that humans are animals or seeking to repress human animality wholesale, Kant in fact offers a nuanced and robust, though still problematic, defence of the necessity, innocence, and originality of the human’s animal side.

scholarly journals Gender Issues In Microfinance: Policy Analysis And Possible Interventions

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-125
Author(s):  
Nazmunnessa Mahtab ◽  
Md. Mynul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Family Income ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Work Force ◽  
Enterprise Development ◽  
United Nations Development Program ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
The Status ◽  
Secondary Information

Women constitute not only half of the world’s population, but also sway the growth of the other half. They produce half of the world’s food supply and account for 60% of the work force, but comprise 10% of the world’s economy and surprisingly own less than 1% of the real estate. They have little access to productive resources and negligible control over family income. This discrimination is the consequence of gender bias which forms an inherent part of the global society. Examples from survey will validate the statement. The index ranking of 151 countries on gender inequality in addressing poverty, education, basic health, employment (income), violence and political participation, contained in various Human Development Report prepared by the United Nations Development Program since 1995 till 2003, shows that “no country treat women as well as men.” Despite such investments in time and labour by women, why is there so much discrimination, inequality and why are women termed as “poorest of the poor”? The main objective of this paper is to focus on women in enterprise development in Bangladesh. However, before going into the main area, the paper tries to analyze the need and reasons for micro-enterprise development of women. The paper is divided into three main sections. The first section deals with a brief discussion on the status of women and poverty in Bangladesh. The second section focuses on women and micro- enterprise development. The third section discusses the problems faced by women in enterprise development. The fourth section focuses on the interventions required to enhance women entrepreneurship development. The last section deals with the future provisions. The paper is prepared mainly on the basis of secondary information, review of previous research work, the author’s own experience and knowledge on women enterprise on some case studies of the positive and negative effects of microenterprise of women.

scholarly journals The Association Between COVID-19 Incidence and Mortality with Socioeconomic Development - A Global Ecological Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samaneh Torkian ◽  
Samira Kazemi ◽  
Marzieh Eslahi ◽  
Elham Khatooni ◽  
Reza Etesami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
United Nations Development Program ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Life Expectancy At Birth ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

Abstract Background: There is some evidence about the role of human development in the incidence and mortality of some diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between COVID-19 incidence and mortality with development indexes in different regions of the world.Methods: This ecological study was conducted on data from January 11 to August 23, 2020. The development indexes included were Human development index (HDI), Inequality-adjusted HDI (IHDI), the Gini Coefficient, Gender Development Index (GDI), Gender Inequality Index (GII) and their components. The development indexes was obtained from the United Nations Development Program (UNDP). COVID-19 cases and mortality data of the countries involved in the pandemic were obtained from the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). Data was analyzed by Spearman correlation coefficients and negative binomial regression through SPSS26. Results: The highest and lowest incidence and mortality rates were in the AMRO and WPRO regions, respectively. The development indexes had no a significant linear correlation with COVID-19 incidence and mortality except in WPRO, where there was direct significant correlation between life expectancy at birth and inequality adjusted life expectancy with COVID-19 incidence and mortality (P<0.05).Conclusions: Our findings suggests limited evidence that countries level of development may directly influence morbidity and mortality from COVID-19. However, with regard to the ecological nature of this study, the reason for this association is difficult to determine.

scholarly journals RECOMPUTATION OF UNDP’S HDI RANKINGS BY DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Tolga Taner ◽  
Bülent Sezen ◽  
Lutfihak Alpkan ◽  
Selim Aren
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Strategy Formulation ◽  
United Nations Development Program ◽  
International Growth ◽  
Develop Strategy ◽  
Nations Development

The HDI has played an influential role in the debate on human development. No index is perfect and so is the Human Development Index of United Nations Development Program. This paper aims to measure the performance of 182 countries in terms of performance by means of non-parametric input oriented CRS employed Data Envelopment Analysis. In addition, it elaborates on the cut-off values assigned by UNDP to categorize the countries. By means of this research, countries will be able to choose those elements by benchmarking from other countries that are applicable and most likely to develop strategy formulation processes for human development and international growth.

scholarly journals TRABALHO DECENTE E A COOPERAÇÃO INTERNACIONAL PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO HUMANO: ANÁLISE A PARTIR DOS RELATÓRIOS DE DESENVOLVIMENTO HUMANO GLOBAIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (58) ◽  
pp. 270
Author(s):  
Silvio Beltramelli NETO ◽  
Maria Gabriela Vicente Henrique de MELO
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Human Development ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Decent Work ◽  
United Nations Development Program ◽  
Procedural Approach ◽  
Work Concept ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Nations Development

RESUMOObjetivo: O objetivo é responder a seguinte indagação: os Relatórios de Desenvolvimento Humano globais, elaborados no marco do Programa das Nações Unidas para o Desenvolvimento, adotam a concepção de trabalho decente?Metodologia: Utiliza-se de abordagem dedutiva procedimental bibliográfica lastreada em análise de documentos oficiais, apoiada por bibliografia específica sobre os temas correlatos. Para tanto, elegeu-se para exame os Relatórios de Desenvolvimento Humano Global editados desde a adoção da concepção do Trabalho Decente pela OIT até o ano de 2015, onde foi publicado o RDH temático “O Trabalho como Motor do Desenvolvimento Humano”.Resultados: Concluiu-se haver dado um movimento gradativo de convergência conceitual que, todavia, apenas alcança sua plenitude com o RDH de 2015, ao adotar, de maneira inequívoca, a concepção de Trabalho Decente, o fazendo na qualidade de fator de reforço do Desenvolvimento Humano.Contribuições: A pesquisa contribui para os estudos a respeito do trabalho como elemento inolvidável do Desenvolvimento Humano, tendo por campo de investigação as manifestações da cooperação internacional.Palavras-chave: cooperação Internacional; desenvolvimento humano; trabalho decente; relatórios de desenvolvimento humano. ABSTRACTObjective: To answer the following question: do the global Human Development Reports, prepared within the framework of the United Nations Development Program, adopt the concept of decent work?  Methodology: A deductive bibliographical procedural approach based on the analysis of official documents supported by specific bibliography on related topics. The global Human Development Reports published since the adoption of the Decent Work concept by the ILO until 2015 were chosen for examination, where the thematic HDR “Work as the Engine of Human Development” was published.Results: It was concluded that there was a gradual movement of conceptual convergence that, however, only reached its fullness upon the HDR of 2015  by unequivocally adopting the concept of Decent Work as a factor of reinforcement of Human development.Contributions: The research contributes to studies on work as an unforgettable element of Human Development, having as field of research the as manifestations of international cooperation.Keywords: International cooperation; human development; decent work; human development reports.

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