Extractive Industries and Public Participation in Russia: The Case of the Oil Industry in Izhemskii District, Komi Republic

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-163
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Britcyna ◽  
Soili Nystén-Haarala ◽  
Minna Pappila
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Local People ◽  
Benefit Sharing ◽  
Private Governance ◽  
Social Partnership ◽  
Social License ◽  
The Social

This article focuses on the participatory rights of local people living in the areas of extensive oil industry operations in the Izhemskii district of the Komi Republic in Russia. The district has long been suffering from oil leaks and resulting negative environmental impacts. Lukoil-Komi bought the business directly after the Soviet era and inherited the ecological threats related to old and rusty pipelines. Lukoil-Komi has promised to put things in order, but a great deal remains to be done.This article scrutinizes how statutory law and private governance interact in protecting the participatory rights of local people living in the vicinity of oil production in Komi. First, we evaluate what participatory rights Russian legislation guarantees to local people when oil production arrives in a new area or when new wells are being explored or opened. Second, we elaborate how the major oil company in the region – Lukoil-Komi – fulfills its corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the area of participatory rights and how local people feel about their possibility to exercise their participatory rights. As participatory rights, we discuss both procedural justice with public hearings and distributive justice in the form of benefit-sharing between the company and local community. The wider perspective on participation is due to Russian CSR practices. In Russia, companies tend to earn their Social License to Operate (SLO) through benefit-sharing, often within private governance. This practice is based on the social partnership agreements between authorities and companies. These contracts have path-dependent features resembling earlier Soviet solutions. The same can be claimed to apply to a wider SLO with more focus on local communities. We argue that Lukoil-Komi has not yet been able to achieve an SLO (local acceptance) due to the lack of participatory rights and continuing environmental problems. Most local people are not willing to trade a clean environment and participatory rights for the social benefits the company offers. However, the social partnership agreement concluded between Lukoil-Komi and a local NGO, Izvatas, could be a step forward in achieving a local SLO.

scholarly journals Public charity as the activity of Ust-Sysolsk “local community” in the second half of XIX century

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 70-77
Author(s):  
Anna K. Gagieva
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
Public Performance ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Central Russia ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Xix Century

The article discusses the social charity of “local community” in Ust -Sysolsk in the second half of the XIX century. We define “local community” as a voluntary, self-determining citizens association, designed or not properly executed legally for the solution of urgent problems of non-productive and non-commercial nature. The aim of the work is to study public charity as an activity of “local community” in Ust-Sysolsk in the second half of the XIX century. The provisions of the work can be used for educational and methodological materials on the subject “History of Finno-Ugric regions and countries”, “History of everyday life”, “History of the Komi Republic” and others. The research methodology is based on a systematic approach, which includes structural, legal, historical and other methods of research. The materials are based on published and unpublished historical sources, such as legislative materials, statistics, documentation, as well as archival materials. Central Russia and the Urals had already introduced charities in the mid of XX century, while in the research area public charity was just beginning and was manifested through the social work of the Russian Orthodox Church, amateur associations and companies. Forms of public charity varied: fundraising, purchase of tools, equipment and materials for events and others. Public charity, “local community”, in Ust-Sysolsk developed within the framework of modernization processes of the second half of the nineteenth century. It led to the evolution of «local community» into a civil society. The emergence of new public organizations and active public charity contributed to the development of new forms of self-organization. In the city of Ust-Sysolsk, there was an upsurge of public life and public performance. The appearance of self-governing organizations “local community” was facilitated by the loyal policies of the district and provincial government. As historical sources show that we can talk about mutual understanding and cooperation between the authorities and the “local community”. Carrying out public charity, it provided public functions of traditional culture maintenance, the organization of leisure, cultural and educational activities.

scholarly journals Is this a Real Choice? Critical Exploration of the Social License to Operate in the Oil Extraction Context of the Ecuadorian Amazon

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 8416
Author(s):  
Alberto Diantini ◽  
Salvatore Eugenio Pappalardo ◽  
Tim Edwards Powers ◽  
Daniele Codato ◽  
Giuseppe Della Fera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Procedural Fairness ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Social License To Operate ◽  
Social License ◽  
The Social ◽  
Ecuadorian Amazon ◽  
Oil Company

The purpose of this research was to critically analyze the social license to operate (SLO) for an oil company operating in Block 10, an oil concession located in the Ecuadorian Amazon. The specific study area is an important biodiversity hotspot, inhabited by indigenous villages. A mixed-methods approach was used to support a deeper understanding of SLO, grounded in participants’ direct experience. Semi-structured interviews (N = 53) were conducted with village leaders and members, indigenous associations, State institutions, and oil company staff, while household surveys were conducted with village residents (N = 346). The qualitative data informed a modified version of Moffat and Zhang’s SLO model, which was tested through structural equation modelling (SEM) analyses. Compared to the reference model, our findings revealed a more crucial role of procedural fairness in building community trust, as well as acceptance and approval of the company. Procedural fairness was found to be central in mediating the relationship between trust and the effects of essential services provided by the company (medical assistance, education, house availability) and sources of livelihoods (i.e., fishing, hunting, harvesting, cultivating, and waterway quality). The main results suggested that the concept of SLO may not appropriately apply without taking into account a community’s autonomy to decline company operation. To enhance procedural fairness and respect for the right of community self-determination, companies may need to consider the following: Establishing a meaningful and transparent dialogue with the local community; engaging the community in decision-making processes; enhancing fair distribution of project benefits; and properly addressing community concerns, even in the form of protests. The respect of the free prior informed consent procedure is also needed, through the collaboration of both the State and companies. The reduction of community dependence on companies (e.g., through the presence of developmental alternatives to oil extraction) is another important requirement to support an authentic SLO in the study area.

scholarly journals Library social partnership development in a cluster space: Belgorod region experience

Bibliosphere ◽  
2016 ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
O. Y. Murashko
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Policy Formation ◽  
Cluster Policy ◽  
Forward Movement ◽  
General Direction ◽  
Social Partnership ◽  
Partnership Development ◽  
The Social

This research is an applied one and logically continues author’s studies devoted to social partnership development in the library-information field. The institute of social partnership (including the library-information sphere) evolves with the cluster strategies development as an integral part of the Russian community strategy. At the same time an integrated approach and unified methodology to study this problem, as well as description of effective methods and technologies of the library staged development in the social cluster space are needed. Technologies of the social partnership with library participation are a part of the social policy cluster aimed at maximizing to satisfy both material and spiritual needs of the general population. Recent years studying prospects of the municipal library activity are particularly relevant, as forward movement of the library policy in this direction allows positioning the interests of library and information institutions as coinciding with the interests of major members of the local community. Realizing these perspectives is one of the most important conditions of the effective innovative policy formation of the modern municipal library. The objects of study are municipal libraries of Belgorod region using effective profiled strategies of social interaction in their activity. The study aim is analyzing the experience of municipal libraries developing educational technologies for social interaction in the social cluster space of Belgorod region. Objectives are the following: to identify main goals and tasks of the cluster strategy in the library-information sphere of Belgorod region; to propose a typology of main clusters in Belgorod region; to objectify activity main direction for Belgorod libraries according to their types. Participating libraries in the cluster policy indirectly promotes changes in users’ life quality, development of new cultural needs by providing quality public legal-information services, adaptation of rural population to modern life conditions, help in identifying new niches in the labor market, including information ones. Main conclusions: territorial characteristics extrapolated to municipal libraries activities largely determine the general direction of library development. In the modern period preconditions of libraries participation in the regional clustering (modernization of material-technical base, development of regional, municipal, local normative documents, the experience of empirical data theoretical generalization) are largely implemented in Belgorod region. The practical component of the study is the possibility of adapting the libraries experience of Belgorod region into libraries of other territories of the Russian Federation, understanding cooperation of the library social institution, business-structures, nonprofit organizations and regional and municipal authorities.

scholarly journals The Social Dilemma of Tin Mining of Non-miners People : A Comparative Study Between Bangka and Belitung People’s Perception

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 02014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim ◽  
Dwi Haryadi ◽  
Nanang Wahyudin
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Social Dilemma ◽  
Mining Activity ◽  
Local People ◽  
The Social ◽  
People’S Perception ◽  
Level Of Agreement

Tin mining has been massively occurred in Bangka Belitung Islands Province. It has already happened since the last 20 years which was started by retraction of tin status as state strategic commodity. This condition has caused the dilemma among the local people and stakeholders in this region as its positive and negative impact walks side by side. This study described how the knowledge, attitude, and expectation of a large community, especially for those who are not miners. Generally, local people understand that this region is rich for its tin and in fact it’s already given a big contribution foreconomic development. Local people also admit that the benefit on tin mining is only enjoyed by some people. Nevertheless, local community also has an attitude that in-conventional mining has already damaged the environment and they hope it will be prohibited. Local people have expectation that environmental management should be prioritized and strictly limited to the tin mining activity. This study founded that there is a gap perception between Bangka and Belitung People although they are in the same level of agreement related to the expectation to prohibit the tin mining : Belitung people is higher than Bangka people.

scholarly journals Oeteta Local Community Social Solidarity towards Bugis-Makassar Traders in Kupang Regency

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 489
Author(s):  
Wahid Hasyim TRA Beni ◽  
Eko Hardipurnomo ◽  
Nurdin Nurdin
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Local People ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
Community Awareness ◽  
The Social ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
The Village

This paper discussed about the social solidarity that exists between local people and Bugis-Makassar trader in Oeteta, Futuleu District, Kupang Regency, East Nusa Tenggara. This paper is to answer the question of how the solidarity between them intertwined, and how does the Bugis-Makassar trader agree in Oeteta ?, and what are the forms of social solidarity between them? To answer that, the research method used is qualitative. The research location is in Oeteta Village, Futuleu District, Kupang Regency. In general, this paper discusses the social solidarity in the village of Oeteta due to community awareness of changes and improvements in life. Therefore between the locals and the Bugis-Makassar merchants, they worked hand in hand to join forces. Likewise, Bugis-Makassar traders are good at adjusting or regulating with local residents so that a sense of solidarity arises between them. As forms of social solidarity between local residents and Bugis-Makassar traders can be seen in the social, economic and religious fields.

Asserting the Capacity to be Free

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-69
Author(s):  
Catherine Kramarczuk Voulgarides
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Zero Tolerance ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Community Context ◽  
Northeastern United States ◽  
Suburban School District ◽  
The Social

In this article, I explore how the social contract of schooling and the three functions of schooling (Noguera 2003)—to sort, to socialize, and to control— impact and constrain the freedom and agency of a group of young Black and Latinx men in one suburban school district that was experiencing sociodemographic shifts in the Northeastern United States. I use qualitative data to frame how the young men experience schooling, and I show how the local community context facilitates the institutionalization of discriminatory sorting processes and racially prejudiced norms. I also show how the young men are excessively controlled and monitored via zero tolerance disciplinary practices, which effectively constrains their humanity and capacity to freely exist in their school and which inadvertently strengthens the connective tissue between schools and prisons.

The Anthropological Lens

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Morton
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Social Accountability ◽  
Political Organization ◽  
Local People ◽  
South Sudanese ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Encounters ◽  
Anthropological Literature ◽  
Insight Into

Sir Edward Evan Evans-Pritchard (1902-1973) is widely considered the most influential British anthropologist of the twentieth century, known to generations of students for his seminal works on South Sudanese ethnography Witchcraft, Oracles and Magic Among the Azande (OUP 1937) and The Nuer (OUP 1940). In these works, now classics in the anthropological literature, Evans-Pritchard broke new ground on questions of rationality, social accountability, kinship, social and political organization, and religion, as well as influentially moving the discipline in Britain away from the natural sciences and towards history. Yet despite much discussion about his theoretical contributions to anthropology, no study has yet explored his fieldwork in detail in order to get a better understanding of its historical contexts, local circumstances or the social encounters out of which it emerged. This book then is just such an exploration, of Evans-Pritchard the fieldworker through the lens of his fieldwork photography. Through an engagement with his photographic archive, and by thinking with it alongside his written ethnographies and other unpublished evidence, the book offers a new insight into the way in which Evans-Pritchard’s theoretical contributions to the discipline were shaped by his fieldwork and the numerous local people in Africa with whom he collaborated. By writing history through field photographs we move back towards the fieldwork experiences, exploring the vivid traces, lived realities and local presences at the heart of the social encounter that formed the basis of Evans-Pritchard’s anthropology.

Approaches to Supporting Local and Community Development

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liesel Mack Filgueiras ◽  
Andreia Rabetim ◽  
Isabel Aché Pillar
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Mining Company ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Social Partnership ◽  
The Public ◽  
Mining Investment ◽  
The Social ◽  
Corporate Social

Reflection about the role of community engagement and corporate social investment in Brazil, associated with the presence of a large economic enterprise, is the major stimulus of this chapter. It seeks to present how cross-sector governance can contribute to the social development of a city and how this process can be led by a partnership comprising a corporate foundation, government, and civil society. The concept of the public–private social partnership (PPSP) is explored: a strategy for building a series of inter-sectoral alliances aimed at promoting the sustainable development of territories where the company has large-scale enterprises, through joint efforts towards integrated long-term strategic planning, around a common agenda. To this end, the case of Canaã dos Carajás is introduced, a municipality in the State of Pará, in the Amazon region, where large-scale mining investment is being carried out by the mining company Vale SA.

Making privilege palatable: Normative sustainability in chefs’ Instagram discourse

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Gwynne Mapes ◽  
Andrew S. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Class Inequality ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Social Prestige ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Landscape ◽  
Community Responsibility ◽  
Personal Accounts

Abstract In this article we consider the discursive production of status as it relates to democratic ideals of environmental equity and community responsibility, orienting specifically to food discourse and ‘elite authenticity’ (Mapes 2018), as well as to recent work concerning normativity and class inequality (e.g. Thurlow 2016; Hall, Levon, & Milani 2019). Utilizing a dataset comprised of 150 Instagram posts, drawn from three different acclaimed chefs’ personal accounts, we examine the ways in which these celebrities emphasize local/sustainable food practices while simultaneously asserting their claims to privileged eating. Using multimodal critical discourse analysis, we document three general discursive tactics: (i) plant-based emphasis, (ii) local/community terroir, and (iii) realities of meat consumption. Ultimately, we establish how the chefs’ claims to egalitarian/environmental ideals paradoxically diminish their eliteness, while simultaneously elevating their social prestige, pointing to the often complicated and covert ways in which class inequality permeates the social landscape of contemporary eating. (Food discourse, elite authenticity, normativity, social class, locality/sustainability)*

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