The Effect of Industrial Emission on Wood Quality in Norway Spruce (Picea Abies)

IAWA Journal ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Evertsen ◽  
M. P. Mac Siurtain ◽  
J. J. Gardiner
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Industrial Emission ◽  
Preliminary Study

In this preliminary study, the influence of industrial emission on the wood quality of Norway spruce was evaluated. Intrinsie wood quality determining properties: ring width (RW), mean annual density, percentage annual 1atewood and the product of (RW × (maximumminimum density)) appear to be affected by the emissions of a fertiliser factory adjoining the stands studied. Fluctuations in the performance of these intrinsic wood properties coincide with the start of production by the factory and a change in the manufacturing process.

Grade yields and wood properties of Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] from the Maritimes

1995 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-478
Author(s):  
Y. H. Chui
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Bending Properties ◽  
Clear Wood ◽  
Comparative Information ◽  
Grade Yield

Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] is one of the major non-native softwood species in the Maritimes. A project was undertaken to evaluate the grade yields and mechanical properties of Norway spruce. The project also provided comparative information on the wood quality of two Norway spruce provenances from Germany and Poland. Four plantations were selected for the study with two of these plantations containing trees of known provenances. One plantation was mature and the other three were juvenile. In total, 530 pieces of lumber and the same number of matched small clear specimens were tested for bending properties. Prior to testing, the lumber was visually graded according to both British and Canadian specifications. Quality of lumber varied significantly between sites. Lumber from the Polish provenance had slightly better mechanical properties than that from trees of the German provenance. Compared with published information, the plantation-grown Norway spruce had lower clear wood bending properties and specific gravity than primary eastern Canadian spruce species and balsam fir, and natural Norway spruce grown in Europe. Key words: Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.], wood quality, bending properties, grade yield

Effects of cambial age, clone and climatic factors on ring width and ring density in Norway spruce (Picea abies) in southeastern Finland

2012 ◽  
Vol 263 ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ane Zubizarreta-Gerendiain ◽  
Jaume Gort-Oromi ◽  
Lauri Mehtätalo ◽  
Heli Peltola ◽  
Ari Venäläinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Ring Density ◽  
Cambial Age

scholarly journals The Profitability of Cross-Cutting Practices in Butt-Rotten Picea abies Final-Felling Stands

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kärhä ◽  
Räsänen ◽  
Palander
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
Time And Motion ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Motion Studies ◽  
The Impact

Research Highlights: This study offers new information on the cross cutting of decayed stems with the sounding of short (0.5 m) offcuts and the bucking of longer (3.0 m) butt-rotten poles. Background and Objectives: The root and butt-rot fungus Heterobasidion annosum sensu lato (Fr.) Bref. causes wood quality damage to trees in softwood forests. When timber is harvested in butt-rotten forests, it is essential that the decayed part of the tree is recognized and cut away from a stem, while the healthy and good quality log section of a stem is cross cut with precision sawlogs. The objective of the study was to investigate the impact of two off-cutting methods on stem processing time, cutting productivity, sawlog volume, and commercial value at the roadside landing when harvesting timber from the butt-rotten Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) final-felling forests. Materials and Methods: The length of the short offcuts used was 0.5 m. The results of the cross-cutting practices were compared to the decayed pulpwood poles of 3 m from the butt of the rotten stems. Time and motion studies were carried out in stands before the profitability calculations. The study data consisted of 1980 Norway spruce sawlog stems. Results: Sounding of the short offcuts added significantly to the stem processing time of butt-rotten stems, but the sawlog volume and the timber value recovery of the stems were higher than those of the decayed pulpwood poles of 3 m. Conclusions: The study concluded that sounding of butt-rotten Norway spruce stems with one to three offcuts is economically profitable if the diameter of the decayed column at the stem stump’s height is small (≤5 cm). In contrast, when the width of the decay is larger (>5 cm), it is more profitable to first cross cut the decayed pulpwood pole of 3 m and then to observe the height of the decayed part of the stem.

Climatic signal in annual growth variation of Norway spruce (Picea abies) along a transect from central Finland to the Arctic timberline

2000 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 769-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harri Mäkinen ◽  
Pekka Nöjd ◽  
Kari Mielikäinen
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Geographical Differences ◽  
Growth Variation ◽  
Temperature And Growth

Regional and temporal growth patterns of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) were evaluated in 40 stands along a transect of over 500 km running from central Finland to the Arctic spruce timberline. Standard deviation of the ring-width series increased from south to north, but the geographical differences in mean sensitivity and first-order autocorrelation were small. The high degree of similarity in growth variation between stands indicated similar growth responses of trees to weather variation despite different environmental conditions along the transect. The most pronounced differences in the regional increment chronologies were found between the southernmost and northernmost stands. Growth variation was most strongly correlated with current June mean temperature, and correlation between growth and July temperature increased from south to north. In addition, negative correlation was observed between winter temperatures, particularly February temperature, and growth variation. Growth was more weakly correlated with precipitation than with temperature.

scholarly journals Reconstruction of Air Temperature of the Summer Half-year in Krkonoše (Giant Mountains) Based on the Spruce Tree-rings in the Period 1804 - 1989

Geografie ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-16
Author(s):  
Rudolf Brázdil ◽  
Jaroslav Dobrý ◽  
Josef Kyncl ◽  
Pavla Štěpánková
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Temperature Series ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Summer Half ◽  
Temperature Records

The tree-ring width and the maximum wood density of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) have been examined in order to reconstruct air temperature of the summer half-year during the period 1804 - 1989. The trees examined come from a natural spruce stand of Labský důl (Elbe Valley) in Krkonoše (Giant Mts.), North Bohemia. The results obtained by this way have been compared with a similar reconstruction made for Central Europe and with air temperature records from the Prague-Klementinum station. Both temperature series (reconstructed and measured), however, show only 36 % of commonly clarified variability. Differences may follow from the standardization of dendrochronologies as well as from other factors which may have influenced the growth of spruce. The quality of air temperature measurement may play also role.

scholarly journals Identification of Molecular Markers for Selected Wood Properties of Norway Spruce Picea abies L. (Karst.) I. Wood Density

2004 ◽  
Vol 53 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Markussen ◽  
A. Tusch ◽  
B. R. Stephan ◽  
M. Fladung
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Wood Density ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Scar Markers ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Monomorphic Band ◽  
Subsequent Conversion ◽  
Sib Families ◽  
First Time

AbstractThe identification of AFLP markers and their subsequent conversion to SCAR-markers linked to wood density of Norway Spruce (Picea abies L [Karst.]) is described for the first time. In AFLP-analyses, 102 different primer enzyme combinations were screened in a bulked segregant approach comparing individuals with high and low wood density. A total of 107 polymorphic AFLP fragments were obtained between the DNA-pools. Twenty-three markers were selected for further analyses to verify their linkage to wood density based on individuals used for pool constitution and additional unrelated clonal material. For 15 markers, a significant linkage to wood density was confirmed by a two-sided Fisher’s-exact test. Four markers were converted into SCAR markers and validated for plant material assayed for wood density by X-ray microdensitometry. For each marker a monomorphic band was obtained using sets of nested primers or restriction site-specific primers (RSS), which include the AFLP-restriction recognition sites. For two markers that are linked to high wood density, a separation from unlinked size homologous marker-alleles was realized by a PCR-restriction approach. Validation of these markers in different full-sib families confirmed their usability to separate the classes for low and high wood density of Picea abies.

Comparison of growth and wood quality of Norway spruce and European larch: effect of previous land use

2020 ◽  
Vol 139 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-472
Author(s):  
Jan Cukor ◽  
Aleš Zeidler ◽  
Zdeněk Vacek ◽  
Stanislav Vacek ◽  
Václav Šimůnek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
European Larch
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